Atomic magnetic gradiometer for room temperature high sensitivity magnetic field detection
Patent 7573264 Issued on August 11, 2009. Estimated Expiration Date: November 27, 2026. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
A laser-based atomic magnetometer (LBAM) apparatus measures magnetic fields, comprising: a plurality of polarization detector cells to detect magnetic fields; a laser source optically coupled to the polarization detector cells; and a signal detector that measures the laser source after being coupled to the polarization detector cells, which may be alkali cells. A single polarization cell may be used for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by prepolarizing the nuclear spins of an analyte, encoding spectroscopic and/or spatial information, and detecting NMR signals from the analyte with a laser-based atomic magnetometer to form NMR spectra and/or magnetic resonance images (MRI). There is no need of a magnetic field or cryogenics in the detection step, as it is detected through the LBAM.
Other References
Yashchuk et al., “Laser Frequency Stabilization Using Linear Magneto-optics”, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 71 (No. 2), p. 341-346, (Feb. 2000).
Yashchuk et al., “Hyperpolarized Xenon Nuclear Spins Detected by optical Atomic Magnetometry”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 93 (No. 16), p. 160801, (Oct. 15, 2004).
Xu et al., “Construction and Applications of an Atomic Magnetic Gradiometer Based on Nonlinear Magneto-optical . . . ”, Review of Scientific Instruments,vol. 77, p. 083106, (2006).
Xu et al., “Magnetic Resonance Imaging with an Optical Atomic Magnetometer”, Proceedings of the National Acad. of Sciences, vol. 103(No. 34), p. 12668-12671, (Aug. 22, 2006).
Wood et al., “Submicron Giant Magnetoresistive Sensors for Biological Applications”, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 120, p. 1-6, (2005).
Wong-Foy et al., “Laser-Polarized 129Xe NMR and MRI at Ultralow Magnetic Fields”, Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 157, p. 235-241, (2002).
Turvey et al., “Noninvasive Imaging of Pancreatic Inflammation and its Reversal in . . . ”, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 115 (No. 9), p. 2454-2461, (Sep. 2005).
Tsukamoto et al., “Development of Multisample Biological Immunoassay System Using . . . ”, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,vol. 15 (No. 2), p. 656-659, (Jun. 2005).
Seeley et al., “Remotely Detected High-Field MRI of Porous Samples”, Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 167, p. 282-290, (2004).
Schwindt et al., “Self-oscillating Rubidium Magnetometer Using Nonlinear Magneto-optical Rotation”, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 76, p. 126103, (Dec. 14, 2005).
Schwindt et al., “Chip-scale Atomic Magnetometer”, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 85 (No. 26), p. 6409-6411, (Dec. 27, 2004).
Savukov et al., “NMR Detection with an Atomic Magnetometer”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 94, p. 123001, (Apr. 1, 2005).
Pekas et al., “Giant Magnetoresistance Monitoring of Magnetic Picodroplets in an Integrated . . . ”, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 85 (No. 20), p. 4783-4785, (Nov. 15, 2004).
Pankhurst et al., “Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Biomedicine”, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol. 36, p. R167-R181, (2003).
Odenbach, “Magnetic Fluids-suspensions of Magnetic Dipoles and their Magnetic Control”, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, vol. 15, p. S1497-S1508, (2003).
Newbury et al., “Polarization-Dependent Frequency Shifts from Rb-3He Collisions”, Physical Review A, vol 48 (No. 1), p. 558-568, (Jul. 1993).
Nam et al., “Nanoparticle-Based Bio-Bar Codes for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Proteins”, Science, vol. 301, p. 1884-1886, (2003).
Mouléet al., “Amplification of Xenon NMR and MRI by Remote Detection”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 100 (No. 16), p. 9122-9127, (Aug. 5, 2003).
Montemayor et al., “Preparation and Characterization of Cobalt Ferrite by the Polymerized Complex Method”, Materials Letters, vol. 59, p. 1056-1060, (2005).
McDermott et al., “Liquid-State NMR and Scalar Couplings in Microtesla Magnetic Fields”, Science, vol. 295, p. 2247-2249, (Mar. 22, 2002).
Lee et al., “SQUID-Detected MRI at 132 μT with T1-Weighted Contrast Established at 1-μT-300mT”, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 53, p. 9-14, (2005).
Krause et al., “Detection of Magnetic Contaminations in Industrial Products Using HTS SQUIDs”, IEEE Trans. on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 15(No. 2), p. 729-732, (Jun. 2005).
Kominis et al., “A Subfemtotesla Multichannel Atomic Magnetometer”, Nature, vol. 422, p. 596-599, (Apr. 10, 2003).
Gupta et al., “Synthesis and Surface Engineering of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications”, Biomaterials, vol. 26, p. 3995-4021, (2005).
Granwehr et al., “Time-of-Flight Flow Imaging Using NMR Remote Detection”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 95, p. 075503, (Aug. 12, 2005).
Goodson et al., “Advances in Magnetic Resonance: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Laser-Polarized Noble Gases in . . . ”, Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 155, p. 157-216, (2002).
Gawlik et al., “Nonlinear Magneto-optical Rotation with Amplitude Modulated Light”, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 88, p. 131108, (2006).
Fannin et al., “Dynamic Properties of a System of Cobalt Nanoparticles”, European Physical Journal: Applied Physics, p. 3-9, (2002).
Corwin et al., “Frequency-stabilized Diode Laser with the Zeeman Shift in an Atomic Vapor”, Applied Optics, vol. 37 (No. 15), p. 3295-3298, (May 20, 1998).
Connolly et al., “Cobalt Nanoparticles Formed in Polysiloxane Copolymer Micelles: Effect of . . . ”, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol. 37, p. 2475-2482, (2004).
Cohen-Tannoudji et al., “Detection of the Static Magnetic Field Produced by the Oriented Nuclei of . . . ”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 22 (No. 15), p. 758-760, (Apr. 14, 1969).
Budker, “A New Spin on Magnetometry”, Nature, vol. 422, p. 574-575, (Apr. 10, 2003).
Budker et al., “Nonlinear Magneto-optics and Reduced Group Velocity of Light in Atomic Vapor with . . . ”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 83 (No. 9), p. 1767-1770, (Aug. 1999).
Budker et al., “Nonlinear Laser Spectroscopy and Magneto-Optics”, American Journal of Physics, vol. 67 (No. 7), p. 584-592, (Jul. 1999).
Budker et al., “Nonlinear Magneto-optical Rotation with Frequency-modulated Light”, Physical Review A, vol. 65, p. 055403, (May 2, 2002).
Budker et al., “Sensitive Magnetometry Based on Nonlinear Magneto-optical Rotation”, Physical Review A, vol. 62, p. 043403, (Sep. 11, 2000).
Budker et al., “Nonlinear Magneto-optic Effects with Ultranarrow Widths”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 81 (No. 26), p. 5788-5791, (Dec. 28, 1998).
Bermejo et al., “Understanding the Anomalous Thermal Properties of Para-hydrogen”, Highlights of ISIS Science, p. 54-55, (1999).
Balabas et al., “Magnetometry with Millimeter-Scale Antirelaxation-Coated . . . ”, Journal of the Optical Society of America B, vol. 23 (No. 6), p. 1001-1006, (Jun. 2006).
Allred et al., “High-Sensitivity Atomic Magnetometer Unaffected by Spin-Exchange Relaxation”, Physical Review Letters, vol 89 (No. 13), p. 130801, (Sep. 23, 2002).
Alexandrov et al., “Light-Induced Desorption of Alkali-Metal Atoms From Paraffin Coating”, Physical Review A, vol. 66, p. 042903, (2002).
Affolderbach et al., “An All-Optical, High-Sensitivity Magnetic Gradiometer”, Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics, vol. 75, p. 605-612, (2002).