Methods and procedures for molecular biological analysis and diagnostics
Patent 6051380 Issued on April 18, 2000. Estimated Expiration Date: December 5, 2017. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
435/6, Involving nucleic acid422/50, ANALYZER, STRUCTURED INDICATOR, OR MANIPULATIVE LABORATORY DEVICE422/68.1, Means for analyzing liquid or solid sample436/501, BIOSPECIFIC LIGAND BINDING ASSAY536/25.3Synthesis of polynucleotides or oligonucleotides
A self-addressable, self-assembling microelectronic device is designed and fabricated to actively carry out and control multi-step and multiplex molecular biological reactions in microscopic formats. These reactions include nucleic acid hybridizations, antibody/antigen reactions, diagnostics, and biopolymer synthesis. The device can be fabricated using both microlithographic and micro-machining techniques. The device can electronically control the transport and attachment of specific binding entities to specific microlocations. The specific binding entities include molecular biological molecules such as nucleic acids and polypeptides. The device can subsequently control the transport and reaction of analytes or reactants at the addressed specific microlocations. The device is able to concentrate analytes and reactants, remove non-specifically bound molecules, provide stringency control for DNA hybridization reactions, and improve the detection of analytes. The device can be electronically replicated.
Other References
Washizu, "Electrostatic Manipulatiaon of Biological Objects," Journal of Electrostatics, 25:109-123 (1990)
Washizu and Kurosawa, "Electrostatic Manipulation of DNA in Microfabricated Structures," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 26:1165-1172 (1990)
Palacek, "New Trends in Electrochemical Analysis of Nucleic Acids", Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, 20 (1988) pp. 179-194
Drmana et al., "DNA Sequence Determination by Hybridixation: A Strategy for Efficeint Large-Scale Sequencing," Science, 260:1649-1652 (1993)
Fodor et al., "Multiplexed Biochemical Assays With Biological Chips," Nature, 364:555-556 (1993)
Fodor et al., "Light-Directed, Spatially Addressable Parallel Chemical Synthesis," Science, 251:767-773 (1992)
Horejsi, "Some Theoretical Aspects of Affinity Electrophoresis," Journal of Chromatography, 178:1-13 (1979)
Horejsi et al., "Determination of Dissociation Constants of Lectin Sugar Complexes by Means of Affinity Electrophoresis," Biochimica at Biophysica Acta, 499:200-300 (1977)
Mathews, Kricka. "Analytical Strategies For The Use Of DNA Probes". Analytical Biochemistry, 169, 1988, 1-25
Ranki et al., "Sandwich Hybridization as a Convenient Method for the Detection of Nucleic Acids in Crude Samples," Gene, 21:77-85 (1983)
Saiki, "Amplification of genomic DNA,"PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications, (Academic Press, Inc. 1990), pp. 13-20
Southern et al., "Analyzing and Comparing Nucleic Acid Sequence by Hybridization to Arrays of Oligonucleotides Evaluation Using Experimental Models," Genomics, 13:1008-1017 (1992)
Strezoska et al., "DNA Sequencing by Hybridization: 100 Bases Read by a Non-Gel Based Methods", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:10089-93 (1991)
Wallace et al., "Hybridization of Synthetic Oligodexribonucleotides to $c;x 174 DNA: The effect of Single Base Pair Mismatch," Nucleic Acid Res., 6:3543-3557 (1979)
Abrams et al., "Comprehensive Detection of Single Base Changes In Human Genomic DNA Using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis & a GC Clamp". Genomics, 7, 1990, 463-475
Anand and Southern "Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis," Gel Electrophoresis of Nucleic Acids--A Pratical Approach, 2d. Ed., D. Rickwood and B.D. Hames (New York:IRL Press 1990), pp. 101-123
Anderson and Young, "Quantitative Filter Hybridization," Nucleic Acid Hybridization--A Practical Approach, Eds. B.D. Hames and S.J. Higgins (Washington, D.C. :IRL Press 1985) pp. 73-111
Bains, "Setting a Sequence to Sequence a Sequence," Bio/Technology, 10:757-758 (1992)
Beattie et al., "Genosensor Technology," The 1992 San Diego Conference: Genetic Recognition, pp. 1-5 (Nov., 1992)
Beltz et al., "Isolation of Multigene Families and Determination of Homologies by Filter Hybridization Methods," Methods in Enzymology, 100:266-285 (1983)
Brown et al. "Electrochemically Induced Adsorption of Radio-Labelled DNA on Gold and HOPG Substrates for STM Investigations". Ultramicroscopy, 38, 1991, 253-264
Conner et al., "Detection of Sickle Cell ଲ3 -Globin Allele by Hybridization with Synthetic oligonucleotides," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 80:278-282 (1983)
Drmanac et al., "Sequencing of Megabase Plus DNA by Hybridization: Theory of the Method," Genomics, 4:114-128 (1989
December 5, 2017. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
