Apparatus and method for combinatorial chemistry synthesis
Patent 6045755 Issued on April 4, 2000. Estimated Expiration Date: March 10, 2017. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
422/65, Means is conveyor and rack422/81, Automated system with sample fluid pressure transport means422/103, Valve or connector structure422/104, Holder, support, housing, or hood422/131, Organic polymerization422/134, Including plural sequential reaction stages436/43, AUTOMATED CHEMICAL ANALYSIS436/47, With conveyance of sample along a test line in a container or rack436/49, With treatment or replacement of aspirator element (e.g., cleaning, etc.)436/174, INCLUDING SAMPLE PREPARATION439/180CONTACT SEPARATION BY SNAP OR QUICK-BREAK ACTION
In a first embodiment, this invention includes an integrated robot apparatus for performing combinatorial chemistry synthesis protocols and having interchangeable work-stations, robot arm tools, and reaction vessels and reaction vessel arrays. The work-stations and tools are specialized to perform tasks necessary for the synthesis in a plurality of the reaction vessels grouped in a plurality of the reaction vessel arrays. Preferably, these elements function interchangeably because they have standardized sizes and conformation. The work-stations and tools include those for fluid dispensing or aspirating from individual reaction vessels or from all the reaction vessels in an array simultaneously. The reaction vessels can include, alternatively, stackable, ball-sealed reaction vessels, microtitre-like reaction vessel arrays, arrays of independent reaction vessels, valve-sealed reaction vessels, septum-sealed reaction vessels, and syringe reaction vessels. In alternative embodiments, this invention includes these work-stations, tools, reaction vessels and reaction vessel arrays in various combinations or sub-combinations either for use in partially integrated robots or for manual or standalone use.
Other References
Newman, 1990, "Send in the Robots", Anal. Chem. 62:29a-34a
Willard et al., 1996, "Combinatorial Chemistry: A Rational Approach to Chemical Diversity", Eur. J. Med. Chem. 31:87-98
Zuckerman, 1992, "Design, Construction and Application of a Fully Automated Equimolar Peptide Mixture Synthesizer", Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 40:497-506
Armstrong et al., 1996, "Multiple-Component Condensation Strategies for Combinatorial Library Synthesis", Acc. Chem. Res. 29:123-131
Bianchi et al., 1995, "A Conformationally Homogeneous Combinatorial Peptide Library", J. Mol. Biol. 247:154-160
Bunin and Ellman, 1992, "A General and Expedient Method for the Solid-Phase Synthesis of 1,4-Benzodiazepine Derivatives", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114:10997-10998
Cargill and Maiefski, 1996, "Automated Combinatorial Chemistry on Solid Phase", LRA 8:139-148
Combinatorial Chemistry, 1996, C&EN, Feb. 12
Eichler et al., 1996, "Inclusion Volume Solid-Phase Synthesis", J. Peptide Sci. 2:240-244
Ellman, 1996, "Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Small-Molecule Libraries", Acc. Chem. Res. 29:132-143
Fernandez et al., 1992, "Magnetic Resonance Studies of Polypeptides Adsorbed on Silica and Hydroxyapatite Surfaces", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114:9634-9642
Fruchtel and Jung, 1996, "Organic Chemistry on Solid Supports", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 35:17-42
Hermkens et al., 1996, "Solid-Phase Organic Reactions: A Review of the Recent Literature", Tetrahedron 52:4527-4554
Hodgkin et al., 1993, "A Monte Carlo Pharmacophore Generation Procedure: Application to the Human PAF Receptor", J. Computer-Aided Mol. Des. 7:515-534
Krchnak et al., 1996, "MARS--Multiple Automated Robotic Synthesizer for Continuous Flow of Peptides", Peptide Res. 9:45-49
Krchnak and Lebl, 1995, "Synthetic Library Techniques: Subjective (Biased and Generic) Thoughts and Views", Mol. Diversity 1:193-216
Lam et al., 1991, "A New Type of Synthetic Peptide Library for Identifying Ligand-Binding Activity", Science 354:82-84
Rinnova and Lebl, 1995, "Molecular Diversity and Libraries of Structures: Synthesis and Screening", Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 61:171-231
Sepetov et al., 1995, "Library of Libraries: Approach to Synthetic Combinantorial Library Design and Screening of `Pharmacophore` Motifs", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:5426-5430
Simon et al., 1992, "Peptoids: A Modular Approach to Drug Discovery", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:9367-9371
Thompson and Ellman, 1996, "Synthesis and Applications of Small Molecule Libraries", Chem. Rev. 96:555-600
Wilson et al., 1993, "The Calculation and Synthesis of a Template Molecule", Tetrahedron 49:3655-3663
Zuckerman et al., 1992, "Efficient Method for the Preparation of Peptoids [Oligo(N-Substituted Glycines)] by Submonomer Solid-Phase Synthesis", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114:10646-10647
Knapp et al., 1993, Int. J. Peptide Protein Res., 42:259-263