Patent 5450857 Issued on September 19, 1995. Estimated Expiration Date: May 19, 2014. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
600/591, Vagina or uterus600/476, Visible light radiation600/587, Measuring anatomical characteristic or force applied to or exerted by body600/588Associated with parturition
The present invention relates to a method and instrumentation for detecting the changes in cervical connective tissues associated with cervical dilation or effacement. This method uses an optical system to determine changes by laser or other light induced native fluorescence spectroscopies (LIF) of cervix. The method is non-invasive and instant. It operates by shining excitation light of a selected wavelength on cervical tissue and measuring fluorescent emissions. The measurement is completed in seconds. This method is an excellent fit with the clinical needs for determining the status of cervical dilation.
Other References
Patent disclosure for "Method and Apparatus Using Laser Fluoroescence Spectroscopy for Human Spermatozoa Diagnosis", by Alfano et al., May 25, 1989
Chwalisz, K., "The use of progesterone antagonists for cervical ripening and as an adjunct to labour and delivery", Progesterone Antagonists in Reproductive Medicine and Oncology, Human Reproduction, 9(1):131-161, 1994, Beier and Spitz, eds., Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, UK
Fosang and Handley, "Connective Tissue Remodelling in the Ovine Cervix During Pregnancy and At Term", Conn. Tissue Res., 17:277-285, 1988
Garfield et al., "Effects of the Antiprogesterone RU 486 on Preterm Birth in the Rat", Am. J. Obstet. and Gynecol., 157(5):1281-1285, 1987
Garfield and Baulieu, "The antiprogesterone steroid RU 486: a short pharmaceutical and clinical review, with emphasis on the interruption of pregnancy", Bailliere's Clin. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1(1):207-221, 1987
Glassman et al., "Excitation Spectroscopy of Malignant and Non-malignant Gynecological Tissues", Lasers in the Life Sciences, 6(2):99-106, 1994
Glassman, W. S., "Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Human Nonmalignant and Malignant Cells and Tissues", Dialog Abstract No. 01308565
Glassman, et al., "Ultraviolet Excited Fluorescence Spectra from Non-malignant and Malignant Tissues of the Gynecological Tract", Lasers in the Life Sciences, 5(1-2):49-58, 1992
Granstrom, et al., "Insufficient remodelling of the uterine connective tissue in women with protracted labour", Brit. J. Obstet. & Gynecol., 98:1212-1216, 1991
Granstrom, et al., "Changes in the connective tissue of corpus and cervix uteri during ripening and labour in term pregnancy", Brit. J. Obstet. & Gynecol., 96:1198-1202, 1989
Koenyesi and Woessner, J., "Effects of Hormonal Perturbations on The Small Dermatan Sulfate Proteoglycan and Mechanical Properties of the Uterine Cervix of Late Pregnant Rats", Connective Tissue Res., 199-205, 1991
Chwalisz, et al., "Progesterone Control of Cervical Ripening--Experimental Studies with the Progesterone Antagonists Onapristone, Lilopristone and Mifepristone", The Extracellular Matrix of the Uterus, Cervix and Fetal Membranes: Synthesis, Degradation and Hormonal Regulation, chapt. 12, pp. 119-131, (1991), Leppert and Woessner, Jr., ed., Perinatology Press, Ithaca, N.Y
Leppert and Yu, "Three-Dimensional Structures of Uterine Elastic Fibers: Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies", Connective Tissue Res., 27:15-31, 1991
Liu, et al., "Effects of Self-Absorption by Hemoglobins on the Fluorescence Spectra from Normal and Cancerous Tissues", Lasers in Life Sciences, 3(3):167-176, 1990
Liu, et al., "Raman, fluorescence, and time-resolved light scattering as optical diagnostic techniques to separate diseased and normal biomedical media", Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 16:187-253, 1992
Lohmann, et al., "Native fluorescence of the cervix uteri as a marker for dysplasia and invasive carcinoma", Eur. J. Obstet. & Gynecol. and Reprod. Biol., 31:249-253, 1989
Osmers, et al., "Collagenase activity in the cervix of non-pregnant and pregnant women", Arch. Gynecol. Obstet., 75-80, 1990
Ramanujam, et al., "Fluorescence Spectroscopy: A Diagnostic Tool for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)", Gynecol. Oncol., 52:31-38, 1994
Wong, et al., "Infrared spectroscopy of exfoliated human cervical cells: Evidence of extensive structural changes during carcinogenesis", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:10988-10992, 199