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US Patent 5416899 - Memory based method and apparatus for computer graphics

US Patent Issued on May 16, 1995
Estimated Patent Expiration Date: Icon_subject May 16, 2012Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
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Abstract

A memory based computer graphic animation system generates desired images and image sequences from 2-D views. The 2-D views provide sparse data from which intermediate views are generated based on a generalization and interpolation technique of the invention. This technique is called a Hyper Basis function network and provides a smooth mapping between the given set of 2-D views and a resulting image sequence for animating a subject in a desired movement. A multilayer network provides learning of such mappings and is based on Hyper Basis Functions (HBF's). A special case of the HBFs is the radial basis function technique used in a preferred embodiment. The invention generalization/integration technique involves establishing working axes along which different views of the subject are taken. Different points along the working axes define different positions (geometrical and/or graphical) of the subject. For each of these points, control points for defining a view of the subject are either given or calculated by interpolation/generalization of the present invention.

Other References

  • Wilhelms; "Toward Automatic Motion Control", IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 1987, vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 11-22
  • Steketee et al, "Parametric KeyFrame Interpolation Incorporating Kinetic Adjustment and Phrasing Control", Computer Graphics, 1985, vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 255-262
  • Sturman, "Interactive KeyFrame Animation of 3-D Articulated Models", Proceedings of Graphics Interface '84, 1984, pp. 35-40
  • Burtnyk, Nestor et al., "Computer Assisted Film Animation," Bulletin of the Radio and Electrical Engineering Division, National Research Council of Canada, 20(3): pp. 8-12, (Sep. 1970)
  • Wein, Marceli et al., "Computer Graphics and Film Animation," Bulletin of the Radio and Electrical Engineering Division, National Research Council of Canada, 19(2): pp. 39-42, (Apr. 1969)
  • Burtnyk, Nestor et al., "Computer-Generated Key-Frame Animation," Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, 80(3): pp. 149-153, (Mar. 1971)
  • Wein, Marceli et al., "A Computer Facility for Film Animation and Music," Canadian Computer Conference Session, pp. 2122-2125, (Jun. 1971)
  • Burtnyk, Nestor et al., "Towards a Computer Animating Production Tool," Eur Comput Congr Proc, pp. 171-185, (May 13-17, 1974)
  • Burtnyk, Nestor et al., "Interactive Skeleton Techniques for Enhancing Motion Dynamics in Key Frame Animation," Communications of the ACM, 19(10): pp. 564-569, (Oct. 1976)
  • Takeshi Agui et al., "Three Dimensional Computer Animation by Trigonometric Approximation to Aperiodic Motion," Systems and Computers in Japan, 19(5):82-88 (May 1988)
  • Mark C. K. Yang et al., "Automatic Curve Fitting with Quadratic B-Spline Functions and Its Applications to Computer-Assisted Animation," Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 33(3):346-363 (Mar. 1986)
  • Henry Bortman, "The Future of Type?", MacUser (Jul. 1991): 187-195
  • Peter Litwinowicz, "Inkwell: A 21/2-D Animation System", Computer Graphics, 25(4):113-121 (Jul. 1991)
  • Tomaso Poggio et al., "A Theory of Networks for Approximation and Learning", AI Memo No. 1140, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Jul. 1989, pp. 1-84
  • Tomaso Poggio et al., "Regularization Algorithms for Learning that are Equivalent to Multilayer Networks", Science, vol. 247, Feb. 23, 1990, pp. 978-982
  • Tomaso Poggio et al., "Networks for Approximation and Learning", Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 78, No. 9, Sep. 1990, pp. 1481-1497
  • Tomaso Poggio et al., "A Network that Learns to Recognize Three Dimensional Objects", Nature, vol. 343, No. 6255, 1990, pp. 263-26

Inventors

Assignee

Application

No. 819767 filed on 01/13/1992

US Classes:

345/475, Temporal interpolation or processing345/473, Animation345/682, Image based (addressing)345/951, Key frame processing345/953Geometric processing

Examiners

Primary: Herndon, Heather R.
Assistant: Feild, Joseph H.

Attorney, Agent or Firm

US Patent References

3510210, 4600919, Three dimensional animation
Issued on: 07/15/1986
Inventor: Stern
4797836, Image orientation and animation using quaternions
Issued on: 01/10/1989
Inventor: Witek ,   et al.
5029997, Stop-frame animation system
Issued on: 07/09/1991
Inventor: Faroudja
5261041Computer controlled animation system based on definitional animated objects and methods of manipulating same
Issued on: 11/09/1993
Inventor: Susman

Foreign Patent References

  • WO89/09458 WO. 10/21/1989

International Class

G06T 005/50

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