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Compact DC/AC electric power generator using convective liquid cooled low bandgap thermophotovoltaic cell strings and regenerative hydrocarbon burner

Patent 5383976 Issued on January 24, 1995. Estimated Expiration Date: Icon_subject April 19, 2013. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.

Patent References

Multiband emitter matched to multilayer photovoltaic collector
Patent #: 4776895
Issued on: 10/11/1988
Inventor: Goldstein

Thermophotovoltaic technology
Patent #: 4976606
Issued on: 12/11/1990
Inventor: Nelson

Tandem photovoltaic solar cell with III-V diffused junction booster cell
Patent #: 5091018
Issued on: 02/25/1992
Inventor: Fraas, et al.

Panel for solar concentrators and tandem cell units Patent #: 5096505
Issued on: 03/17/1992
Inventor: Fraas, et al.

Inventors

Application

No. 047477 filed on 04/19/1993

US Classes:

136/253, Radioactive, ionic, or thermo photo136/246, With concentrator, orientator, reflector, or cooling means431/100, INCANDESCENT MANTLE431/115COMBUSTION PRODUCTS RETURN STRUCTURE

Examiners

Primary: Weisstuch, Aaron

Attorney, Agent or Firm

International Class

H01L 031/058

Abstract

Multiple low bandgap GaSb photovoltaic cell strings are mounted around the perimeter of a cylinder in parallel with the cylinder axis. These cell strings face radially inward and receive infrared (IR) radiation from a ceramic axial emitter and efficiently convert this radiation into DC electric power. Linear reflectors are associated with each cell string and serve to concentrate IR energy into the photovoltaic cells or to return it to the emitter. The ceramic emitter is heated from the inside by hydrocarbon combustion. A uniform temperature along the length of the emitter is maintained by staged addition of fuel in a special burner design. Regenerative air heating is also inherent in the burner design increasing its efficiency. Air for the combustion is supplied by a blower. Sliding contacts to the rotating shaft on the blower can be used for DC to AC conversion. The cell strings are cooled through a compact closed cycle convective liquid cooling loop. The resultant unit is a compact, quiet, light weight DC or AC electric power source.

Other References

  • A. P. Fraas, "Design and Development Tests of Direct-Condensing Potassium Radiators", USAEC Report Conf-651026 (U.S.A. 1965)
  • Kittl et al., "Design Analysis of TPV-Generator System", Proc. 25th Annual Power Sources Conf., pp. 106-110 (U.S.A. 1972)
  • Woolf, L. D., "Optimum Efficiency of Single and Multiple Bandgap Cells in Thermophotovoltaic Energy Conversion", Solar Cells, vol. 19, pp. 19-20 (USA 1986)
  • O'Neill et al., "Development of a Fresnel Lens Gallium . . . ", Phase I Final Report, NASA SBIR Contract No. NAS3-24871, Entech, Inc., (1986)
  • Fraas, "Heat Exchanger Design Operating on Radiant Energy", Wiley-Interscience Publication, pp. 365-382 (U.S.A. 1989)
  • Fraas, "Characteristics of Heat Sources", Engineering Evaluation of Energy Systems, pp. 96-125 (U.S.A. 1982)
  • Pelka, "Natural Gas-Fired Thermophotovoltaic System", Proceedings of the 32nd International Power Sources, pp. 110-123 (U.S.A. 1986)
  • Morgan et al., "Radioisotope Thermal Photovoltaic Application . . . ", NASA SPRAT Conference, pp. 349-358 (U.S.A. 1989)
  • Doellner, "Aircraft Photovoltaic Power-Generating System", PhD Thesis University of Arizona (U.S.A. 1991)
  • Fraas, "Effects of Directed and Kinetic Energy Weapons . . . ", Oak Ridge National Laboratory, pp. 1-76 (U.S.A. 1986)
  • Fraas et al., "Summary of the Research . . . ", Oak Ridge National Laboratories, pp. 1-33 (U.S.A. 1977)
  • Howe et al., "The Characteristics of Atmospheric-Type . . . ", Transactions of the A.S.M.E. pp. 673-677 (U.S.A. 1940)
  • Fraas, "Magneto-Hydrodynamic Systems", Engineering Evaluation of Energy Systems, pp. 437-461, (1982)
  • Day et al., "Application of the GaSb . . . ", Conference Record, pp. 1320-1325 (1990
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