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US Patent 5331646 - Error correcting code technique for improving reliablility of a disk array

US Patent Issued on July 19, 1994
Estimated Patent Expiration Date: Icon_subject May 8, 2012Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
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Abstract

An array of disk drives organized as a data storage system including n parity drives forming n parity chains where each parity drive maintains the parity bits of a different combination of data drives and each data drive is included in at least two parity chains, and where no two data drives are associated with the same combination of parity chains. The present ECC technique requires only n parity drives for up to 2n -n-1 data drives for a maximum total of 2n -1 disk drives. Each data drive is included in two or more parity chains and each parity chain is unique. The n parity drives are taken two at a time, then three at a time, and so on up to n at a time, each combination being unique, until all of the data drives are associated with parity chains. The ECC technique is implemented using a disk controller which is coupled to the array of disk drives and constantly maintains the parity information on the parity drives. The disk controller selects appropriate parity chains to reconstruct the data of any two data drives that fail, and also performs the reconstruction onto replacement disk drives. Data striping or distribution of the data and parity information on the disk drives further increases the performance of a disk array using the present ECC technique.

Other References

  • Patterson, D. A., Gibson, G., Katz, R. H.; "A Case for Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (Raid)"; Dec., 1987; pp. 1-24
  • Schulze, M. E.; "Considerations in the Design of a Raid Prototype"; Aug., 1988; pp. 1-35
  • Gibson, G., Hellerstein, L., Karp, R. M., Katz, R. H., Patterson, D. A.; "Coding Techniques for Handling Failures in Large Disk Arrays"; Dec., 1988; pp. 1-29
  • Patterson, D. A., Chen, P., Gibson, G., Katz, R. H.; "Introduction to Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (Raid)"; 1989; pp. 112-117
  • Ng, S.; "Some Design Issues of Disk Arrays"; 1989, pp. 137-142
  • Anderson, D. B., Garrettson, G. A.; "Disk Array Considerations"; Date Unknown; pp. 1-1

Inventors

Assignee

Application

No. 880724 filed on 05/08/1992

US Classes:

714/766, Check bits stored in separate area of memory714/6, Redundant stored data accessed (e.g., duplicated data, error correction coded data, or other parity-type data)714/7, Reconfiguration (e.g., adding a replacement storage component)714/770Disk array

Examiners

Primary: Baker, Stephen M.

Attorney, Agent or Firm

US Patent References

4958351, High capacity multiple-disk storage method and apparatus having unusually high fault tolerance level and high bandpass
Issued on: 09/18/1990
Inventor: Flora, et al.
5134619, Failure-tolerant mass storage system
Issued on: 07/28/1992
Inventor: Henson, et al.
5148432, Arrayed disk drive system and method
Issued on: 09/15/1992
Inventor: Gordon, et al.
5265098, Method and means for managing DASD array accesses when operating in degraded mode
Issued on: 11/23/1993
Inventor: Mattson, et al.
5265104, Data storage system including redundant storage devices
Issued on: 11/23/1993
Inventor: Weng
5271012Method and means for encoding and rebuilding data contents of up to two unavailable DASDs in an array of DASDs
Issued on: 12/14/1993
Inventor: Blaum, et al.

International Classes

G06F 011/10
G06F 011/20
G11B 020/18

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