Patent 5151274 Issued on September 29, 1992. Estimated Expiration Date: August 6, 2010. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
Nutritional mineral supplements comprising calcium citrate malate and salts of manganese, copper and zinc are disclosed. These supplements, which provide at least 25% RDA of the minerals, and used in addition to the normal diet. These supplements are useful for increasing bone growth and for treating age-related bone loss in humans and animals.
Other References
Yano, K. et al., Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 42:877-88. "The relationship between diet and bone mineral content . . ."1985
Holbrook, T. L. et al., Lancet 2:1046-9 "Dietary calcium and risk of hip fracture" 1988
Peck, William A. et al., Physician's Resource Manual on Osteoporosis, 1987
Hughes et al., "Effects of Calcium Carbonate and Hydroxyapatite on Zinc and Iron Retention in Postmenopausal Women, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition," Jul. 1986, pp. 83-88
S. V. Ting, "Nutrients and Nutrition of Citrus Fruits", ACS, 1980 Hungerford et al., "Interactions of pH and Ascorbate in Intestinal Iron Absorption" American Institute of Nutrition, 1983, pp. 2615-2622
Riis et al., "Does Calcium Supplementation Prevent Postmenopausal Bone Loss?", New England J. of Medicine, 316, pp. 173-177 (1987)
L. Nilas et al., "Calcium Supplementation and Postmenopausal Bone Loss", British Medical Journal, 289, pp. 1103-1106 (1984)
H. Spencer et al., "NIH Concensus Conference: Osteoporosis", Journal of Nutrition, 116, pp. 316-319 (1986)
R. C. Haynes, Jr. et al., "Agents Affecting Calcification", Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, (1985), 7th Ed. pp. 1517-1543
G. D. Whedon et al., "An Analysis of Current Concepts and Research Interests in Osteoporosis", Current Advances in Skeletogenesis, (1985), pp. 327-333
Reginster et al., "Trace Elements and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Preliminary Study of Decreased Serum Manganese", Med. Sci. Res., 16, pp. 337-338 (1988)
Strause et al., "The Effect of Deficiencies of Manganese and Copper on Osteoinduction and on Resorption of Bone Particles in Rate", Calcif. Tissue Int. 41, pp. 145-150 (1987)
Smith, K. T. et al., Calcium absorption from a new calcium delivery system (CCM) Calcif. Tissue Int. 1987; 41:351-2
Miller, J. Z. et al., Calcium absorption from calcium carbonate and a new form of calcium (CCM) in healthy male and female adolescents. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1988; 48:1291-4
Miller, J. Z. et al., Calcium absorption in children estimated from single and double stable calcium isotope techniques. Dlinica Chemical Acta 1989; 183:107-14
Dawson-Hughes, B. et al., A controlled trial of the effect of calcium supplementation on bone density in postmenopausal women, N. Engl. J. Med. 1990; 323:878-83
Kochanowski B. A., Effect of calcium citrate-malate on skeletal development in young, growing rats. J. Nutr. 1990; 120:876-81
Kanerva, R. L. et al., Bioavailability of calcium from supplemental and food fortification sources, FASEB J. 1989; 3:A771
Kanerva, R. L. et al. Assessing human bioavailability potentials of calcium sources using a rat model. J. Bone Min. Res. 1990; 5:S176
Sheikh, M. S. et al. Gastrointestinal absorption of calcium from milk and calcium salts. N. Engl. J. Med. 1987; 217; 532-6
Sheikh, M. S. et al. Reduction of dietary phosphorus absorption by phosphorus binders: a theoretical, in vitro, and in vivo study, J. Clin. Invest. 1989; 83:66-73
Garcia-Lopez, S. et al., Bioavailability of calcium from four different sources. Nutr. Res. 1991; 11:1187-96
Recker, R. R. Calcium absorption and achlorhydria. N. Eng. J. Med. 1985; 313:70-3
Bo-Linn, G. W. et al., An evaluation of the importance of gastric acid secretion in the absorption of dietary calcium. J. Clin. Invest. 1984; 73:7640-4
August 6, 2010. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
