Reticulated cellulose and methods and microorganisms for the production thereof
Patent 5079162 Issued on January 7, 1992. Estimated Expiration Date: January 7, 2009. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
435/252.1, Bacteria or actinomycetales; media therefor435/101, Polysaccharide of more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds435/823, Acetobacter536/56Cellulose or derivative
A method and media for producing bacterial cellulose under agitated culture conditions resulting in sustained production over an average of 70 hours of at least 0.1 g/liter per hour are achieved. A unique reticulated cellulose product is produced using the methods and conditions claimed, and may be in the form of a sheet characterized by substantial resistance to densification and great tensile strength when produced by sheet forming means.Strains of Acetobacter that are stable under agitated culture conditions and that exhibit substantially reduced gluconic and keto-gluconic acids production are described.
Other References
Ramamurti et al., Biotech. and Bioeng., vol. XXIV, pp. 2267-2268, 1982
Krieg et al., ed., Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol. 1, 1984, Williams and Wilkins
ATCC Catalogue of Bacteria, 1985, 16th ed
S. Hestrin, M. Aschner and J. Mager, "Synthesis of Cellulose by Resting Cells of Acetobacter xylinum," Nature, vol. 159, pp. 64-65 (1947)
S. Hestrin and M. Schramm, "Synthesis of Cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum," vol. 58, pp. 345-352 (1954), Biochem. J
Deley et al., in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Kreig and Holt, eds., 1st Ed., Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore and London, pp. 267-278 (1984)
VanderHart et al., Science, 223:285-286 (1984)
VanderHart et al., Macromolecules 17:1465-1472 (1984)
M. Schramm and S. Hestrin, "Factors Affecting Production of Cellulose at the Air/Liquid Interface of a Culture of Acetobacter xylinum," J. Gen. Microbiol., vol. II, pp. 123-129 (1954)
W. F. Dudman, "Cellulose Production by Acetobacter acetigenum and Other Acetobacter spp.," J. Gen. Microbiol., vol. 21, pp. 312-326 (1959)
W. F. Dudman, "Cellulose Production by Acetobacter Strains in Submerged Culture," J. Gen. Microbiol., vol. 22, pp. 25-39 (1960)
J. Ross Colvin, "The Formulation of Spherulites in Pellicles of Bacterial Cellulose," Canadian J. of Microbiol., vol. II, pp. 641-643 (1965)
Asai, Acetic Acid Bacteria, Chapter 17, pp. 232-244 (1968), "Biosynthesis of Cellulose and Other Polysaccarides"
Haigh, Biochem. J., 135:145-149 (1973) "Induction of Orientation of Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils by a Novel Terpenoid from Acetobacter xylinum"
R. Malcolm Brown, Jr., "Biogenesis of Natural Polymer Systems with Special Reference to Cellulose Assembly and Deposition," Structure and Biochemistry of Natural Biological Systems, E. M. Walk (ed.) (Philip Morris Co., N.Y.) (1979)
K. E. Cook and J. R. Colvin, "Evidence for a Beneficial Influence of Cellulose Production on Growth of Acetobacter xylinum in Liquid Medium," Current Microbiology, vol. 3, pp. 203-205 (1980)
Y. Aloni and M. Benziman, "Intermediates of Cellulose Synthesis in Acetobacter", R. M. Brown (ed)., Cellulose and Other Natural Polymer Systems: Biogenesis Structure and Degradation, pp. 341-361 (1982)
Kai et al., "Appearance of Microscopic Fibrils in Cellulose Gel Biosynthesized by Acetobacter xylinum", Nippon Kagaku Kaishi (3), pp. 536-537 (1982), abstract only
Kai et al., "Study of the Formation of Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils 2, Fibril Formation in Cellulose Gels Synthesized by Acetobacter xylinum", Nippon Kagaku Kaishi (8), pp. 1394-1399 (1982), abstract only
Kai, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 57:2816-2819 (1984), "The Influence of Culture Conditions on the Fibrillation of Cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum"
C & EN, p. 40 (Sep. 23, 1985), "Studies Shed More Light on Cellulose Structure"
The Japan Times, p. 6 (May 18, 1987), entitled "Ajinomoto Co. Makes New Fiber"
Anderson et al., Abstract, SIM Annual Meeting, Aug. 3, 1985
Svein Valla and Johs. Kjosbakken, "Cellulose-Negative Mutants of Acetobacter xylinum," J. Gen. Microbiol., vol. 128, pp. 1401-1408 (1982)
R. O. Couso, L. Ielpi et al., "Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides in Acetobacter xylinum," Eur. J. Biochem., vol. 123, ,pp. 617-627 (1982