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US Patent 4914590 - Natural language understanding system

US Patent Issued on April 3, 1990
Estimated Patent Expiration Date: Icon_subject May 18, 2008Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
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Abstract

A hybrid natural language understanding (NLU) system which is particularly designed for processing natural language text. Primary functional components of the NLU system include a preprocessor; a word look-up and morphology module which communicates with a lexicon and a learning module; a syntactic parser which interfaces with an augmented transition network (ATN) grammar; a case frame applier, which converts the syntactic structure into canonical, semantic "case frames"; and a discourse analysis component which integrates explicit and implied information in the text into a conceptual structure which represents its meaning. This structure may be passed on to a knowledge based system, data base, to interested analysts or decision makers, etc. Significant feedback points are provided, e.g., the case frame applier may notify the syntactic parser of a semantically incorrect parse, or the syntactic parser may seek a semantic judgment based on a fragmentary parse. This system incorporates a novel semantic analysis approach based largely on case grammar.

Other References

  • Loatman, R. B. & McCown, M. G., Information Extraction from Natural Language Messages, Reprint from Proceedings of ESIG--Third Annual Expert Systems in Government Conference, Oct. 19-23, 1987
  • Loatman, R. B., A Hybrid Architecture for Natural Language Understanding, Reprint from Proceedings of SPIE--International Society of Optical Engineering, May 18-20, 1987
  • R. B. Loatman article, Natural Language Text Understanding, at pp. 2-5 of Jul. 1986, Technology Newsletter (Assignee Internal Publication)
  • Undated Brochure of Assignee, "Innovative Solution for AMHS", (author unknown)
  • M. Bates, 1987, "The Theory & Practice of Augmented Transition Network Grammers", in L. Bolc (ed.) Natural Language Communication with Computers, New York, Springer
  • Winograd, T., 1983, Language as a Cognitive Process, vol. 1: Syntax, Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley, (Chapter 5, Appendix D), 195-271, 583-599
  • Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Leech, G., & Svartvik, J., 1985, A Comprehensive Grammer of the English Language, New York: Seminar Press (excerpts from Chapter 10, Appendix I)
  • Sager, N., 1981, Natural Language Information Processing: A Computer Grammar of English and Its Applications, Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley (excerpts from Appendix I)
  • Wilks, V., Haung, X., & Fass, D., 1985, "Syntax, Preference, and Right Attachment", Proceedings of the Ninth IJCAI
  • Loatman, R. B., 1988, "Natural Language Text Understanding", Article to be published in assignee Newsletter, (cf. reference AT)
  • Dept. of Navy, NOSC, May 21, 1987, Memo Concerning Conference Later Held (at which various NLU Systems were eventually demonstrated)
  • Schank, R., 1985, Conceptual Information Processing, New York: North-Holland, (excerpts from Chapter 3)
  • Cook, W., 1979, Case Grammer: Development of the Matrix Model, Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, (excerpts)
  • Laffal, J., 1973, A Concept Dictionary of English, Essex, Conn.: Gallery Press, (excerpts)
  • Marcus, M., 1980, Theory of Syntactic Recognition for Natural Language, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, (excerpts

Inventors

Assignee

Application

No. 195237 filed on 05/18/1988

US Classes:

704/8Multilingual or national language support

Examiners

Primary: Jablon, Clark A.

Attorney, Agent or Firm

International Classes

G06F 015/21
G06F 015/18
G06K 009/62

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