Radar detection of hazardous small scale weather disturbances
Patent 4649388 Issued on March 10, 1987. Estimated Expiration Date: 
December 23, 2005. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
December 23, 2005. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.Patent References 3340528 3341844 3491358 3573824 3646555 3715748 3735333 Radar detection of turbulence in precipitation Turbulence detector for non-coherent pulse radar Doppler radar system InventorApplicationNo. 06/812442 filed on 12/23/1985US Classes:342/26DGround based (EPO)ExaminersPrimary: Tubbesing, T. H.Assistant: Barron, Gilberto Jr. Attorney, Agent or FirmInternational ClassesG01S 13/95 (20060101)G01S 13/00 (20060101) AbstractThe detection and warning of microbursts, low level wind shear, and other weather disturbances, which are hazardous to aircraft operations and to the public at large, are accomplished with either an airport surveillance radar (ASR) or a multi-beam Doppler radar. ASR Doppler systems normally operate to receive one of two relatively large vertical fan beams having different elevation angles but which overlap one another so that they have equal gains at an elevation angle, called the null, at a relatively low angle, for example 5°. Below this null, the low beam antenna gain exceeds that of the high beam, and conversely above it. Accordingly, by subtracting the high beam Doppler spectrum from that on the low beam, a Difference Doppler Spectrum (DDS) is produced which is positive below the null and negative above. The velocity bounds of the positive portion of the DDS provide the wind speed components at the null and at heights near the surface. These wind speed components are then utilized to measure and map radial and horizontal shear, the boundaries of the disturbance and other signatures such as vertical shear and turbulence and the rate of change of all the parameters, thereby permitting the detection of the location and track of the disturbance. A multi-beam Doppler radar can be utilized to perform similar functions of measuring the mean Doppler velocity, Doppler spectral breadth, and reflectivity simultaneously at all elevations. Both systems provide effective enhancements in signal to clutter ratio through pattern recognition and motion detection.Other References
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