Encapsulation of biological material
Patent 4352883 Issued on October 5, 1982. Estimated Expiration Date: 
October 5, 1999. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.
October 5, 1999. Estimated Expiration Date is calculated based on simple USPTO term provisions. It does not account for terminal disclaimers, term adjustments, failure to pay maintenance fees, or other factors which might affect the term of a patent.Patent References 3522346 3725113 3730841 3733205 3827565 3860490 InventorAssigneeApplicationNo. 06/024600 filed on 03/28/1979US Classes:435/178, Carrier is carbohydrate264/4, ENCAPSULATING NORMALLY LIQUID MATERIAL424/424, Membrane or diffusion barrier424/496, Containing natural gums/resins424/497, Containing solid synthetic polymers424/94.3, Stabilized enzymes or enzymes complexed with nonenzyme (e.g., liposomes, etc.)435/175, Multi-enzyme system435/182, Enzyme or microbial cell is entrapped within the carrier (e.g., gel, hollow fibre)435/382Method of culturing encapsulated cellsExaminersPrimary: Naff, David M.Attorney, Agent or FirmInternational ClassesA01N 1/02 (20060101)A61K 35/12 (20060101) A61F 2/02 (20060101) A61K 9/16 (20060101) A61K 39/44 (20060101) A61K 9/50 (20060101) A61L 27/36 (20060101) A61L 27/00 (20060101) A61L 27/20 (20060101) B01J 13/04 (20060101) B01J 13/16 (20060101) B01J 13/06 (20060101) B01J 13/08 (20060101) B01J 13/14 (20060101) C12N 11/00 (20060101) C12N 11/04 (20060101) C12N 5/06 (20060101) C12N 5/00 (20060101) A61K 38/00 (20060101) AbstractA core material such as living tissue, individual cells, hormones, enzymes or antibodies is encapsulated in a semipermeable membrane that is permeable to small molecules for contact with the core material but is impermeable to potentially deleterious large molecules. Encapsulation may be carried out by suspending the core material in an aqueous medium containing a water soluble gum that can be reversibly gelled, forming the suspension into droplets, contacting the droplets with a solution of multivalent cations to gel the droplets as discrete, shape-retaining, water insoluble temporary capsules and cross-linking a surface layer of the temporary capsules to produce a semipermeable membrane around the capsules. Optionally the gel within the membrane may be reliquified by removing multivalent cations from the gel.Other References
Field of SearchEnzyme or microbial cell is entrapped within the carrier (e.g., gel, hollow fibre)Stablizing an enzyme by forming a mixture, an adduct or a composition, or formation of an adduct or enzyme conjugate PROCESS OF UTILIZING AN ENZYME OR MICRO-ORGANISM TO DESTROY HAZARDOUS OR TOXIC WASTE, LIBERATE, SEPARATE, OR PURIFY A PREEXISTING COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION THEREFORE; CLEANING OBJECTS OR TEXTILES CARRIER-BOUND OR IMMOBILIZED ENZYME OR MICROBIAL CELL; CARRIER-BOUND OR IMMOBILIZED CELL; PREPARATION THEREOF Multi-enzyme system Enzyme or microbial cell is immobilized on or in an organic carrier Carrier is carbohydrate |
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