Did You Know...
...that two musicians were responsible for the invention of color print film? Fascinated by photography, Leopold Godowsky and Leopold Mannes worked together to produce an easy-to-use, practical color film. They worked full time as music teachers and gave concerts while experimenting during their off hours in Mannes' kitchen. Their success earned them full-time, well-paying jobs at Kodak and their efforts resulted in Kodachrome film, which was introduced in 1935.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7460225 | Miniaturized source devices for optical and mass spectrometry Low-power, low flow-rate, portable, miniaturized plasma devices are provided. A portable, low-power, low flow-rate, miniaturized sample introduction device is also provided. The devices are inexpensive to make, have low operating cost and can be used with a variety ... | 12/02/2008 |
| 7450239 | Optical pulse evaluation device and in-service optical pulse evaluation device An optical pulse evaluation device and an in-service optical pulse evaluation device is disclosed which are capable of characteristics evaluation of an optical pulse itself or a sample launched therein in a relatively high bit-rate region. The optical pulse evaluati... | 11/11/2008 |
| 7450240 | Laser device coupled to a cavity by optical feedback for detecting gas traces A device of detection of gas in trace amounts by a semiconductor laser coupled to a resonant optical cavity containing a chemical species to be analyzed. The device comprises a resonant optical cavity containing a chemical species to be analyzed; a semiconductor las... | 11/11/2008 |
| 7446878 | Method and apparatus for improvement of spectrometer stability, and multivariate calibration transfer The present invention provides methods and apparatuses that can improve measurement accuracy in interferometers. The invention provides methods for determining digital compensation filters that measure a frequency response or responses to be compensated, and then de... | 11/04/2008 |
| 7446882 | Interferometer for determining characteristics of an object surface Disclosed is a system including: (i) an interferometer configured to direct test electromagnetic radiation to a test surface and reference electromagnetic radiation to a reference surface and subsequently combine the electromagnetic radiation to form an interference... | 11/04/2008 |
| 7443513 | Apparatus for optical measurement of an object An apparatus for optical measurement of an object, especially for measuring movement, is provided, which includes an interferometer for measuring movements along the measurement beam of the interferometer, as well as a confocal auto-focus microscope. The interferome... | 10/28/2008 |
| 7440113 | Littrow interferometer An apparatus and method for measuring displacement includes a light beam directed to an interferometer core that splits the light beam into first and second component beams. The first component beam is directed to a diffraction grating at approximately a Littrow ang... | 10/21/2008 |
| 7433052 | Systems and methods for tilt and range measurement A method of determining an amount of tilt may include projecting at least two coherent wavefronts toward a target surface, the wavefronts reflecting from the target surface to create an interference fringe pattern on a detector, and transmitting a beam toward the ta... | 10/07/2008 |
| 7433042 | Spatially corrected full-cubed hyperspectral imager A hyperspectral imager that achieves accurate spectral and spatial resolution by using a micro-lens array as a series of field lenses, with each lens distributing a point in the image scene received through an objective lens across an area of a detector array formin... | 10/07/2008 |
| 7428059 | Measurement method and apparatus, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method A measurement method measures a wavefront aberration of a target optical system using an interference pattern formed by lights from first and second image side slits. The first image side slit has a width equal to or smaller than a diffraction limit of the target op... | 09/23/2008 |
| 7428055 | Interferometer-based real time early fouling detection system and method A interferometer-based fouling detection system and method are described. The system may include a fiber optic cable, a light source in communication with the fiber optic cable, at least one photo detector in communication with the fiber optic cable, and at least on... | 09/23/2008 |
| 7428054 | Micro-optical sensor system for pressure, acceleration, and pressure gradient measurements A micro-optical fiber tip based sensor system for pressure, acceleration, and pressure gradient measurements in a wide bandwidth, the design of which allows for multiplexity of the input side of the system is based on micro-electromechanical fabrication techniques. ... | 09/23/2008 |
| 7428053 | Common path frequency domain optical coherence reflectometry/tomography device Common path frequency domain optical coherence reflectometry/tomography devices include a portion of optical fiber with predetermined optical properties adapted for producing two eigen modes of the optical radiation propagating therethrough with a predetermined opti... | 09/23/2008 |
| 7426040 | Chip-scale optical spectrum analyzers with enhanced resolution A Fabry-Perot cavity filter includes a first mirror and a second mirror. A gap between the first and the second mirror monotonically varies as a function of width of the filter. This filter may be used with photodetector and a channel selection filter in an optical ... | 09/16/2008 |
| 7426036 | Common path frequency domain optical coherence reflectometer and common path frequency domain optical coherence tomography device Common path frequency domain optical coherence reflectometry/tomography devices with an additional interferometer are suggested. The additional interferometer offset is adjusted such, that it is ether less than the reference offset, or exceeds the distance from the ... | 09/16/2008 |
| 7426021 | Interferometric optical analyzer and method for measuring the linear response of an optical component An interferometric optical analyzer apparatus comprises a light source, an interferometer and a detection system for determining the linear response, and subsequently any optical parameter, of one or more optical elements using substantially unpolarized light. In on... | 09/16/2008 |
| 7423765 | Optical system of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus In a method for improving imaging properties of an illumination system or a projection objective of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus, which comprises an optical element having a surface, the shape of the surface is measured directly at various point... | 09/09/2008 |
| 7423279 | Systems and methods that detect changes in incident optical radiation Systems, methods and sensors detect changes in incident optical radiation. Current is driven through one or more active areas of a detector while the incident optical radiation illuminates the active areas. Voltage is sensed across one or more of the active areas, a... | 09/09/2008 |
| 7412175 | Interferometric polarization control A signal conditioning module provides a polarimeter capability in a photometric system. The module may include multiple variable delay polarization modulators. Each modulator may include an input port, and a first arm formed to include a first reflector and first ro... | 08/12/2008 |
| 7405830 | Vibration-insensitive interferometer The present invention relates to vibration-insensitive point-diffraction interferometry. For the purpose of obtaining high immunity to vibration, a single-mode optical fiber is used to generate the reference wave, by means of point diffraction, directly from a measu... | 07/29/2008 |
| 7405833 | Method for calibration and removal of wavefront errors Apparatus and methods for generating an empirically determined mathematical model of wavefront error in an interferometer as a function of aperture misalignment and then applying the model to correct subsequent measurements. The methods are useful in Fizeau and othe... | 07/29/2008 |
| 7403289 | Interferometry method for ellipsometry, reflectometry, and scatterometry measurements, including characterization of thin film structures A method including: imaging test light emerging from a test object over a range of angles to interfere with reference light on a detector, wherein the test and reference light are derived from a common source; for each of the angles, simultaneously varying an optica... | 07/22/2008 |
| 7397558 | Ordered array of nanoparticles for efficient nanoenhanced Raman scattering detection and methods of forming the same Methods of forming NERS-active structures are disclosed that include ordered arrays of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles covered with an outer shell may be arranged in an ordered array on a substrate using Langmuir-Blodgett techniques. A portion of the outer shell may be... | 07/08/2008 |
| 7394548 | Heterodyne laser interferometer using heterogenous mode helium-neon laser and super heterodyne phase measuring method In the method and a device for detecting the phase of a moving object using a heterodyne interferometer, a heterogeneous mode helium-neon laser is used as a direct light source to increase a measuring speed, a measuring resolution, and minimize the loss of the light... | 07/01/2008 |
| 7391521 | Position detection apparatus and method Position detection apparatus comprises: an incident unit that forms a parallel beam from a light beam of a light source and supplies the parallel beam to a beam splitter in a way that the separated beams, obtained from the parallel beam by the beam splitter, are res... | 06/24/2008 |
| 7388672 | High efficiency balanced detection interferometer An interferometer configured for use in optical coherence domain (OCT) reflectometry systems is disclosed. In the preferred embodiments, efficient routing of light and a balanced detection arrangement provide a high signal to noise ratio. In a first set of embodimen... | 06/17/2008 |
| 7385707 | Surface profiling apparatus A surface profiling apparatus and method. Broadband light is directed along sample and reference paths such that light reflected by a region of a sample surface and light reflected by a reference surface interfere. A mover effects relative movement between the sampl... | 06/10/2008 |
| 7382470 | Interferometric measuring device An interferometric measuring device for three-dimensional measurement of shapes on an object to be measured having: a beam splitter receiving via an input light path, and splitting into measuring and reference light paths, light from a light source; an image pick-up... | 06/03/2008 |
| 7379187 | Detector configuration for interferometric distance measurement A phase difference detector generates a plurality of signals from an input beam including orthogonal, linearly polarized object and reference beam components. The detector may be configured such that as the reference and object beam components traverse the detector,... | 05/27/2008 |
| 7375825 | Light intensity ratio adjustment filter for an interferometer, interferometer, and light interference measurement method The light intensity ratio adjustment filter is placed between the reference surface and the sample surface of the interferometer. This light intensity ratio adjustment filter has a light intensity ratio adjustment film including an optical reflection-absorption laye... | 05/20/2008 |
| 7375821 | Profilometry through dispersive medium using collimated light with compensating optics A collimated light is used in combination with a compensation element and an aberration-corrected objective with a long working distance to produce a greatly improved fringe contrast in the measurement of a sample surface through a dispersive element. When the dispe... | 05/20/2008 |
| 7369227 | Imaging fluorescence signals using telecentricity The present invention relates to the field of DNA analysis. In particular, the present invention is directed to a device for the parallel imaging of fluorescence intensities at a plurality of sites as a measure for DNA hybridization. More particular, the present inv... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7365852 | Methods and systems for selecting pathlength in absorbance measurements Methods and sub-systems for substantially optimizing the absorbance measurement in optical instruments are provided. A method comprises forming a liquid sample into a droplet extending between two opposing surfaces, passing a light beam through the sample, and varyi... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7365856 | Method of motion correction in optical coherence tomography imaging An image data set acquired by an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system is corrected for effects due to motion of the sample. A first set of A-scans is acquired within a time short enough to avoid any significant motion of the sample. A second more extensive set ... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7362445 | Active control and detection of two nearly orthogonal polarizations in a fiber for heterodyne interferometry A polarization control system includes a light source that generates two light beams with different polarization states and optical frequencies. A polarization state modulator changes the polarization states of the two light beams. A first detector path generates a ... | 04/22/2008 |
| 7362446 | Position measurement unit, measurement system and lithographic apparatus comprising such position measurement unit A measurement unit to determine a position in a first and second dimension includes a diffraction type encoder and an interferometer. The diffraction type encoder determines by means of a diffraction on a first and a second diffraction grating the position in the fi... | 04/22/2008 |
| 7355719 | Interferometer for measuring perpendicular translations An interferometer provides a large dynamic range for perpendicular displacement measurements. In operation, a measurement reflector on an object reflects a measurement beam to an overlying Porro prism, and a reference reflector on the object returns a reference beam... | 04/08/2008 |
| 7355714 | Reconfigurable MEMS fabry-perot tunable matrix filter systems and methods An optical apparatus may include a plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities and a controller. The plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities receives an incoming image. The controller controls a group of adjacent Fabry-Perot cavities of the plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities to samp... | 04/08/2008 |
| 7352471 | Embedded interferometric fiber optic gyroscope systems and methods In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention, a system includes a gyroscope and a flight vehicle operatively connected to the gyroscope. The gyroscope includes a length of fiber optic cable arranged in loop and configured to surround an interi... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7349077 | Method and apparatus for measuring the polarization mode dispersion of an optical fiber The present invention relates to a new model for interpreting interferometric measurements, able to lead to a new method, system (10) and device (27) for measuring the PMD (Polarisation Mode Dispersion) of an optical fibre (11). The model, which... | 03/25/2008 |
