The first match was accidentally discovered in 1826 when John Walker scraped a stick with chemicals on the end against a stone floor.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 5264930 | Fast light interconnected processor A fast light interconnected processor device for image processing includes an image sensor for producing a line scan signal, a one-dimensional line display for producing a light having an intensity representative of the scan signal and an array of light d... | 11/23/1993 |
| 5097504 | Method and device for qualitative saving of digitized data An encrypted signature S representative of the information and of the identity of the holder of the information is established by means of a calculation algorithm for the encryption and the compression of the information to be saved. The signature S is re... | 03/17/1992 |
| 5058159 | Method and system for scrambling and descrambling audio information signals Audio signals are scrambled by inverting the original; frequency spectrum so that frequency portions originally lying at the lower end of the audio frequency band are shifted to the upper end while those portions originally lying near the upper end of the... | 10/15/1991 |
| 5056106 | Golf course ranging and direction-finding system using spread-spectrum radiolocation techniques The invention disclosed herein is directed to a method and apparatus which employs a spread-spectrum based radiolocation system, using hand-held receiver units and fixed-position reference transmitters, to determine distance and direction between a golfer... | 10/08/1991 |
| 5056141 | Method and apparatus for the identification of personnel The present invention is an identification method for use in access control systems using words for both the initial enrollment, and later identification of personnel. Its purpose is to ensure that a person seeking access to restricted areas, financial ac... | 10/08/1991 |
| 5052040 | Multiple user stored data cryptographic labeling system and method There is disclosed a system and method of extending the labels on an encryption technique so that different users can utilize the same files under different rights established by both the user and the system administrator. This system and method take adva... | 09/24/1991 |
| 5048053 | Detecting and tracking circuit for component PN codes In a demodulator circuit for receiving a direct sequence spread spectrum signal having composite PN codes, there is provided a novel detecting and tracking circuit for faster acquisition of the component PN codes. The first component code of the received ... | 09/10/1991 |
| 5036537 | Geographic black-out method for direct broadcast satellite system Television programs are broadcast to a plurality of receiver units in various geographic areas. Each unit has a memory for storage of a designation code representative of its location and a memory for the storage of a blackout tier indication. Prior to th... | 07/30/1991 |
| 5034982 | Lenticular security screen production method A method for producing a scrambled image for deciphering by a lenticular lens having a specific regular lineation, by exposing two photographic film negatives to two desired images and processing each film negative to form two image negatives, and by cont... | 07/23/1991 |
| 5029184 | Low probability of intercept communication system A low probability of intercept communication system (CCSK)--modulates information signals onto an inverse fast Fourier transformation of a large number of simultaneous frequencies that have been determined to be reasonably `quiet` within a given system ba... | 07/02/1991 |
| 5025306 | Assembly of semiconductor chips A three dimensional package having at least one semiconductor chip having input/output conductive pads along its periphery includes a dielectric carrier over at least a portion of the chip and a plurality of conductors mounted on the carrier between the c... | 06/18/1991 |
| 5023887 | Data transmission system using spread spectrum communication In response to a bit transfer request from one of two units, bit data is transmitted bit by bit from the other of the two units. The unit on the transmission side for transmitting the bit data has an M-series generator. In response to bit 1, a first M | 06/11/1991 |
| 5023908 | Method and apparatus for personal identification A method and apparatus for providing improved security for a personal identification number (PIN) in a personal identification and verification system of the type wherein a time dependent nonpredictable code is generated at a device in the possession of t... | 06/11/1991 |
| 5022077 | Apparatus and method for preventing unauthorized access to BIOS in a personal computer system An apparatus and method for protecting BIOS stored on a direct access storage device into a personnal computer system. The personal computer system comprises a system processor, a system planar, a random access main memory, a read only memory, a protectio... | 06/04/1991 |
| 5020075 | Direct sequence spread spectrum modulation apparatus In a direct sequence spread spectrum modulation apparatus, the data of predetermined bit inserted in a phase shift time data period provided between the respective PN codes, or a predetermined bit at the latter half portion of the PN code, is phase shifte... | 05/28/1991 |
| 5016275 | Buffered encryption/decryption Encryption and decryption mechanisms at transmitters and receivers, respectively, have applied thereto encryption or decryption keys and initializing values. These mechanisms generate cryptographic bit streams which are intermediate streams of generated v... | 05/14/1991 |
| 5016274 | On-line/off-line digital signing A method for "on-line/off-line" digital signing is described and begins by pre-computing a data string x from a pair of matching public and secret keys of a digital signature scheme such that, for any message m later selected to be signed, a signature of ... | 05/14/1991 |
| 5014315 | Digital telephone system A digital telephone system, having a through-switching module connected by its inputs/outputs to "1" subscriber concentration modules, each with group subscriber inputs/outputs connected via remote subscriber modules to groups of telephone sets. The telep... | 05/07/1991 |
| 5014311 | Integrated circuit with an access-controlled data memory A method for protecting secret code data stored in a data memory from analysis includes forming conclusions as to the content of the memory from signals at outputs of the memory, and limiting transfer of the code data from the data memory into a periphera... | 05/07/1991 |
| 5011279 | Fiber-optical sensor In a fiber-optical sensor used for measuring the Doppler broadening of scattered laser light by the principle of quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS), the scattered light originating from particles in movement, the emergence surface (7) for the laser lig... | 04/30/1991 |
| 5010571 | Metering retrieval of encrypted data stored in customer data retrieval terminal A system for controlling and accounting for retrieval of data from a CD-ROM memory containing encrypted data files from which retrieval must be authorized. The system includes an authorization and key distribution terminal and a plurality of customer data... | 04/23/1991 |
| 5008935 | Efficient method for encrypting superblocks of data This invention relates to an arrangement for encrypting data for storage in a computer and/or for transmission to another data processing system. The plain text data is divided into buffers and the buffers are divided into blocks. The blocks are encrypted... | 04/16/1991 |
| 5008937 | Scrambled-communication system using adaptive transversal filters for descrambling received signals In a scrambled-communication system, a transmitting station generates a scrambling noise having a periodically-recurrent series of noise patterns and scrambles an information signal by simply summing the scrambling noise to the information signal, whereby... | 04/16/1991 |
| 5007084 | Payment Authorization and Information Device A Payment Authorization and Information Device for users of credit cards and other forms of credit receives billing information by tape or the like from the provider of the credit cards or from any such provider of credit. In the preferred embodiment, suc... | 04/09/1991 |
| 5007085 | Remotely sensed personal stylus A data processing system is disclosed which is equipped with a secure user friendly input system. The input system comprises an array of horizontal and vertical conductor supported on a flexible, transparent overlay membrane secured to the viewing surface... | 04/09/1991 |
| 5007083 | Secure computer A computer or communication system having physically secure vault means which include data source, receiver and decoder-encoder (cryptosystem). Data outside the vault means is coded and thereby protecting its loss from electronic tapping. Clear data insid... | 04/09/1991 |
| 5003593 | Teleconferencing method for a secure key management system A secure teleconferencing method for a key management system is shown. This method directly establishes a secure teleconference among a number of terminals without the intervention of a certifying authority. The terminals of this system have been previous... | 03/26/1991 |
| 5003591 | Functionally modifiable cable television converter system A cable television converter with remotely modifiable functionality receives firmware downloaded over a cable television network. The integrity of the firmware is verified, and if valid, the firmware is executed to provide one or more converter functions.... | 03/26/1991 |
| 5003600 | Diffraction gratings used as identifying markers A finely detailed defraction grating is applied to an object as an identifier or tag which is unambiguous, difficult to duplicate, or remove and transfer to another item, and can be read and compared with prior readings with relative ease. The exact patte... | 03/26/1991 |
| 5003552 | Carrier aided code tracking loop A fast acquisition coherent code tracking loop for use in direct sequence spread spectrum systems is provided with an embedded frequency offset loop. The frequency offset loop in the code tracking loop is provided with a pair of multipliers, one of which ... | 03/26/1991 |
| 5003599 | In-band framing method and apparatus An in-band framing encoder, for continuously operating on bit stream having external-framing data and payload data. The bit stream includes a plurality of time-division-multiplexed frames of payload data achieving channel integrity with external-framing d... | 03/26/1991 |
| 5003596 | Method of cryptographically transforming electronic digital data from one form to another A cryptographic system creates a key table from a single key such that the relationship between the keys in the key table cannot be determined even if the system implementation is known. The system uses variable functions in which the determinants are cha... | 03/26/1991 |
| 5003595 | Secure dial access to computer systems This invention relates to a method and apparatus for making it difficult for unauthorized callers to access a target computer such as a data base for providing data to and accepting orders from agents. The caller is identified by an arrangement that is re... | 03/26/1991 |
| 5001749 | Thermally-activated receiving medium for use in a facsimile transmission system A printing medium for the printing of images thereon to form a document by the printer of a standard facsimile machine in a manner which renders the document unreadable to a casual observer. There is a strip of a flexible printing medium receivable by the... | 03/19/1991 |
| 5001753 | Crytographic system and process and its application The subject of the present invention is a cryptographic system, having two inverse permutations, which can be implemented in a (micro) computer whose data processing resources are relatively limited. The two inverse permutations are processed with one and... | 03/19/1991 |
| 5001750 | Secret communication control apparatus A secret communication control apparatus used to effect secret communication with communication equipment, for example, facsimile equipment, which transmits picture information by use of public communication lines. When a communication control code that i... | 03/19/1991 |
| 5001723 | Sinusoidal M-ary orthogonal keyed decoding A spread spectrum communications system is described for recovering data from a signal having a first carrier frequency modulated by one of at least four phase modulations, each phase modulation orthogonal to one another and the signal further modulated b... | 03/19/1991 |
| 4998261 | Spread spectrum signal demodulator In a digital data receiver (80) for demodulating a direct sequence spread spectrum differential phase shift keyed data signal, the signal is applied to the input transducer (140) of a SAW device (100) which has first and second output transducers (142, 14... | 03/05/1991 |
| 4998279 | Method and apparatus for personal verification utilizing nonpredictable codes and biocharacteristics A personal verification system comprising a user device which is adapted to generate a time varying, multi-character, nonpredictable code; a verification device; a mechanism for permitting the user to communicate the nonpredictable code generated by the u... | 03/05/1991 |
| 4996711 | Selected-exponent signature systems Digital signature techniques are disclosed in which exponents may be selected by the message to be signed itself, by the signing party, by the party providing the message to the signing party for signature, and/or by a party to whom the signature is shown... | 02/26/1991 |