3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8020431 | Method and system for calculating and reporting slump in delivery vehicles A system for managing a concrete delivery vehicle having a mixing drum 14 and hydraulic drive 16 for rotating the mixing drum, including a rotational sensor 20 configured to sense a rotational speed of the mixing drum, a hydraulic sensor 22 | 09/20/2011 |
| 7384180 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing concrete mass Method and apparatus for manufacturing concrete mass, the concrete mass being manufactured in a mixer, and the torque caused by the mixing of the concrete mass to the mixing elements used for mixing of the concrete mass and/or the power consumption of the drive of t... | 06/10/2008 |
| 7289916 | Method and apparatus for measuring properties of concrete Methods and apparatus using time domain reflectometry to determine electrical properties of concrete for calculating physical and mechanical properties of the concrete that are indicative of concrete quality and durability. The dielectric constant of a concrete is d... | 10/30/2007 |
| 7240545 | Test apparatus for direct measurement of expansion and shrinkage of oil well cements A test apparatus for the measurement of expansion and/or shrinkage of a cement test sample during curing under pressure and temperature conditions that simulate downhole oil well conditions isolates the test sample from a first fixed volume of incompressible pressur... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7201866 | Concrete test cylinder mold cap A method and apparatus for molding a reproducible uniform concrete test cylinder. Concrete is poured into a concrete test cylinder mold. A cap having at least one excretion hole is placed on the top portion of the concrete test cylinder mold. The cap is pressed agai... | 04/10/2007 |
| 7089816 | Method and apparatus for testing cement slurries A method and apparatus for testing cement comprising introducing cement into a curing vessel that is at least partially inside a test vessel, curing the cement at a selected temperature and pressure, maintaining the cement at least at the selected temperature and pr... | 08/15/2006 |
| 7021123 | Rheological and calorimetric testing method Device and methods for rotationally mixing and rheological testing of sample liquids, such as cement particle suspensions, employ mixing blades and shear-resistant members having substantially noncoincident orbital paths. Rheology is assessed by measuring the resist... | 04/04/2006 |
| 6997045 | Rheomixer device Device and methods for rotationally mixing and rheological testing of sample liquids, such as cement particle suspensions, employ mixing blades and shear-resistant members having substantially noncoincident orbital paths. Rheology is assessed by measuring the resist... | 02/14/2006 |
| 6971262 | System and method for rheological characterization of granular materials A system for characterizing rheological properties of granular material. A cylindrical measurement cup containing granular material is subject to a uniform vibration induced by a vibration exciter at a user-determined frequency. At the same time, a rotation or an os... | 12/06/2005 |
| 6928891 | Material sample preparation apparatus and method An automated apparatus for preparing material samples includes a rotatable drum support assembly, a drum rotatably contacting the drum support assembly, a fan, and a powered drive mechanism. The drum includes a hollow main section and first and second hollow end sec... | 08/16/2005 |
| 6227039 | System and method for controlling concrete production A measuring system for measuring rheological properties of a concrete mix tested when contained, the system comprising, a surface in contact with part of a mass of said concrete mix; a shearing unit for effecting shear deformation in said mass, along the ... | 05/08/2001 |
| 5992223 | Acoustic method for determining the static gel strength of a cement slurry An acoustic method and system for determining the static gel strength of one or more cement slurry samples at wellbore temperatures and pressures. The cement slurry sample to be tested is maintained in a static condition inside an acoustic pressure vessel... | 11/30/1999 |
| 5948970 | System and method for controlling concrete production A system is designed to measure concrete rheological properties which includes a concrete plant, a measuring unit and a mix changing unit. The measuring unit includes a surface in contact with a part of a mass of the concrete mix, a shearing unit for effe... | 09/07/1999 |
| 5571951 | Apparatus and a method for the testing of concrete for use when cementing casings in oil and gas wells The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for testing concrete/cement mixtures intended for use with cementing of casings in subsea bore holes for oil and/or gas wells. The apparatus comprises a chamber (1, 1') for the accommodation of a pipe-lik... | 11/05/1996 |
| 5437181 | Concrete slump testing A slump tester for concrete includes a testing unit and a measuring unit. The testing unit includes a tube with a perforated lower section that is lowered into the concrete to be tested up to the level of a disc carried on the tube. A timer button on the ... | 08/01/1995 |
| 5396790 | Method and apparatus for the rapid determination of water-cement ratios An improved turbidimeter apparatus (10) is provided for accurate, rapid, field testing of fresh concrete mixes in order to determine the water-cement ratios thereof. The apparatus (10) includes an upright sieve chamber (12) adapted to receive a concrete s... | 03/14/1995 |
| 5240225 | Plastic slump cone A plastic slump cone includes a unitary frusto-conical mold formed of a synthetic resin defining an open base at one axial end and a smaller open top at an opposite axial end for receiving a sample of freshly mixed concrete, in use. A pair of foot pieces ... | 08/31/1993 |
| 4900154 | Concrete mixer having means for determining the consistency of concrete mixing therein A concrete mixer is disclosed having a mixing drum and a drag body is mounted in the drum which has a drag surface positioned to at least partially come into contact with concrete in the drum during a measuring phase in the concrete mixing operation. A hy... | 02/13/1990 |
| 4736624 | Consistometer for analysis of rheological change A consistometer usable at a work site comprises a stationary receptacle (9) which is placed in an enclosure (3) defined by a consistometer casing (2) and is provided with a stirrer (17) with a rotary drive spindle (18). The casing has an extension (20) in... | 04/12/1988 |
| 4615215 | Method and apparatus for testing ready-mixed concrete A method and an apparatus for testing the quality of ready-mixed concrete. The present invention enables the water-to-cement ratio in ready-mixed concrete to be measured quickly and precisely through the measurement of the weight and underwater weight of ... | 10/07/1986 |
| 4592226 | Rotational viscosimeter A rotational viscosimeter is used for determining the flow properties of flowable mixtures having coarse grain components; the device includes a pot with a centrally journaled, rotatable cylinder therein wherein the annular gap between the inner cylinder ... | 06/03/1986 |
| 4578989 | Concrete slump measuring device A slump indicator instrument for measuring the slump of a concrete mix while in the discharge chute of a concrete mixing truck. The indicator has angled sides for setting the discharge chute at a predetermined angle. The instrument has calibration marking... | 04/01/1986 |
| 4356723 | Process and apparatus for continuously measuring slump The slump of aggregate within a continuously rotatable container is under constant surveillance by measuring the hydraulic pressure within the transmission connecting the motor and the container. Hydraulic pressure at a calibrated continuous speed of the ... | 11/02/1982 |
| 4332158 | Slump testing device A manually held device for measuring and indicating slump of flowing concrete material being discharged from a concrete mixer along a discharge chute in which a torque responsive member is contained within a manually held housing, a sensing assembly is co... | 06/01/1982 |
| 4196614 | Process and device for quantitative analysis of cement and water content in fresh concrete A process and associated meter devices which will provide accurate and rapid measurement of the quantitites of cement and water in a sample of fresh concrete. A special volumetric flask is filled with a sample of fresh concrete to a known volume. The volu... | 04/08/1980 |
| 4133090 | Control of binder content in carbon article manufacture A method of preparing carbon articles including the steps of mixing binder and carbon aggregate, forming the resulting mixture into an article, measuring the slump of the article at least to hundredths of an inch following the forming and prior to baking,... | 01/09/1979 |