William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7813829 | Sheet manufacturing method and sheet manufacturing device A sheet manufacturing method is provided including the steps of (i) extruding a sheet material to a sheet form; (2) forming a desired sheet by performing a predetermined processing involving dimensional change in a transverse direction of a sheet; (3) measuring a th... | 10/12/2010 |
| 7086260 | Method and device for controlling the thickness of a rolled product The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the final thickness of a rolled product (B) at the outlet of a rolling mill including at least two roll stands (1–5) operating in tandem and associated with a general speed control system of the... | 08/08/2006 |
| 7031797 | Computer-aided method for determining desired values for controlling elements of profile and surface evenness Input variables, which describe a metal strip prior to and after the passage of a rolling stand, are fed to a material flow model. The material flow model determines online a rolling force progression in the direction of the width of the strip and fees said progress... | 04/18/2006 |
| 6839605 | Apparatus and method for diagnosing faults in hot strip finishing rolling The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for diagnosing faults in hot strip finishing rolling, which diagnoses thickness faults in hot strip finishing rolling, using preset data and real-time data on rolling and control conditions, equation models re... | 01/04/2005 |
| 6606534 | Strip thickness control apparatus for rolling mill A strip thickness control apparatus for a rolling mill includes a strip thickness gauge provided on a delivery side of the rolling mill, a moving distance calculating module for calculating a moving distance of the strip from the rolling mill, a rolling r... | 08/12/2003 |
| 6546306 | Method for adjusting incoming film thickness uniformity such that variations across the film after polishing minimized A method comprising determining a polishing profile produced by a polishing tool and manufacturing a process layer with a surface profile prior to polishing operations based upon the determined polishing profile of the polishing tool.... | 04/08/2003 |
| 6526328 | Process for rolling a metal product The invention relates to a process for rolling a metal product by successive passes into at least one roll stand associated with a calculation unit comprising a computer and a mathematical model for adjusting the rolling load applied by the clamping means... | 02/25/2003 |
| 6516240 | Apparatus and method for the remote production of customized clothing An apparatus and method is provided for creating custom-fitted garments wherein the customer provides critical information which is known to or easily ascertainable by the customer without assistance. Using this critical information, a controller applies ... | 02/04/2003 |
| 6408222 | Apparatus and a method for controlling thickness of a strip in a twin roll strip casting device A strip thickness control method in a twin roll strip casting device having a fixed roll and a horizontally movable roll, the method including the steps of: measuring a movement value Gj(θ) of journals of the fixed and movable rolls and a movement value ... | 06/18/2002 |
| 5966682 | System for calculating an output of a multi-stage forming process A system for calculating an output of a multi-stage forming process using a model of the forming process with which the output of the forming process is determined as a function of properties of the forming process. Selected properties of the forming proc... | 10/12/1999 |
| 5761066 | Device for regulating the thickness of rolling stock A device is provided for regulating the thickness of rolling stock in a roller stand. The device includes a control device that controls the roller adjustment of the roller stand as a function of the deviation between a reference thickness value (h*) and ... | 06/02/1998 |
| 5351203 | Online tomographic gauging of sheet metal The present invention relates to a computer tomography system which measures the thickness and edge position of hot-rolled steel. X-rays produced by two X-ray sources are directed, through the sample being measured, to a plurality of radiation detectors. ... | 09/27/1994 |
| 5341663 | Automatic process control and noise suppression A method for automatically controlling a nominal property value of a material in the process of making the material, The method includes the steps of providing a feedback model of the process and eliminating the influence of time delay on determining the ... | 08/30/1994 |
| 5101650 | Tandem mill feed forward gage control with speed ratio error compensation A method for controlling metal strip thickness in a multi-stand rolling mill is provided which employs feed forward control to adjust the main drive armature current at the upstream mill stand when strip thickness data arrives at the downstream mill stand... | 04/07/1992 |
| 5086399 | Method and apparatus for setting-up rolling mill roll gaps In setting roll gaps of a rolling mill having stands arranged in tandem, the resistance to deformation of a workpiece in each of the stands is calculated on the basis of a cumulative strain in each stand, with strain of the workpiece which is in an entran... | 02/04/1992 |
| 4928257 | Method and apparatus for monitoring the thickness profile of a strip A method of monitoring the thickness of a longitudinally moving strip to permit quick detection of continuous defects includes the steps of scanning the strip a predetermined number of times measuring the thickness at a plurality of sites across the strip... | 05/22/1990 |
| 4907434 | Method and device for controlling strip thickness in rolling mills The present invention relates to a method and device for controlling a thickness of a strip in a rolling mill which has a roll gap adjusting device and a rolling speed adjusting device. Rolling environment disturbances received by the mill are classified ... | 03/13/1990 |
| 4887343 | Method and apparatus for roller leveler In a roller leveler having a number of work rollers, an improvement is proposed when a junction of metal web passes. Position detecting circuitry detects the junction of the metal web to output a detection signal. In response to the detection signal, an a... | 12/19/1989 |
| 4633420 | Profile measurement apparatus using radiation A profile measurement apparatus using radiation is disclosed which has three radiation sources and three arcuated multi-channel radiation detectors corresponding to the radiation sources. A rolled steel sheet or strip is conveyed between the radiation sou... | 12/30/1986 |
| 4576027 | Rolling mill A rolling mill in which the size of a rolling material at the outgoing side of rolls and the reaction force from the material exerted to the rolls are successively obtained from respective sampling periods to be used as data for calculating the most relia... | 03/18/1986 |
| 4494205 | Method of rolling metal In a method of rolling metal for producing a metal plate or a metal sheet having a desired range of thickness through a sequence of rolling passes, variations in the deformation resistance of the metal along the longitudinal direction of the metal are det... | 01/15/1985 |
| 4487044 | Friction compensation in a rolling mill having automatic gage control A rolling mill stand which includes roller elements for reducing the thickness of a workpiece which is passed therebetween further includes an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the gap between the roller elements and a sensor for sensing the roll separati... | 12/11/1984 |
| 4428054 | Automatic control methods and devices for rolling hills In methods of automatically controlling the strip thickness in a rolling mill for producing a rolled product having a desired thickness and devices therefore, either an automatic gauge control (AGC) mode for controlling a deviation of the output thickness... | 01/24/1984 |
| 4398254 | Method for controlling strip thickness in strip mill In a rolling mill for rolling a strip, a method for equalizing the thickness of the strip over the entire length thereof, in which a deviation in the thickness of the strip on the entrance side of the rolling mill is measured by sampling for each predeter... | 08/09/1983 |
| 4320463 | Production control system A production control system wherein statistical determinations are continuously made on the basis of current manufacturing process data corresponding to preselected parameters of the product being manufactured. The control method includes a determination ... | 03/16/1982 |
| 4257093 | Nominal adaptive control using most recent excursion in a property variation A method of automatically maintaining a nominal property value of a material near a limiting value in the process of making the material. The method involves the steps of imparting to the material a property that varies about the nominal value, and measur... | 03/17/1981 |
| 4248072 | Method of and apparatus for producing plate material having uniform width and lengthwise thickness variation A method of producing a plate material having a uniform width and a lengthwise thickness variation by imparting plastic deformations to a work by means of widthwise rolling rolls and thicknesswise rolling rolls. The method has the steps of measuring the t... | 02/03/1981 |
| 4244025 | Rolling mill gauge control system An automatic gauge control system for screwdown adjustment of a cold rolling mill using separate feed-forward and feed-backward screwdown adjustments and wherein the feed-backward screwdown adjustment is based on the difference between a short term output... | 01/06/1981 |
| 4240147 | Gauge control method and system for rolling mill The present invention provides a method and a system for controlling strip thickness in rolling mill, especially adapted in the case where material is rolled by a tandem rolling mill. According to the present invention, the change in the strip thickness f... | 12/16/1980 |
| 4220025 | Feed forward automatic thickness controlling method In a steel rolling mill, (a) a calibration of a thickness in the output side which is calculated from a rolling force at a lock-on position in the present pass is performed depending upon a fluctuation from a predetermined thickness at the lock-on in the ... | 09/02/1980 |
| 4136396 | Data processing In a data processing system and method, particularly for processing data derived from a gauge which is measuring the thickness of continuous metal strip issuing from a metal processing plant, the value of the measurement data is sampled at successive time... | 01/23/1979 |
| 4126026 | Method and apparatus for providing improved automatic gage control setup in a rolling mill A method and apparatus for determining the initial opening of a pair of opposed work rolls utilized to reduce the thickness of a metal workpiece provides that selected readings of the roll separation force occasioned by passage of the workpiece through th... | 11/21/1978 |
| 4125004 | Rolling mill gauge control system An automatic feed backward gauge control system for screwdown adjustment of a cold rolling mill using a mill screwdown model employing measured output gauge and simulated input gauge variables and adaptive by modification of the simulated input gauge to r... | 11/14/1978 |
| 4106318 | Method and apparatus for rolling metallic material In the rolling of metallic material by using a rolling mill having a working roll for each surface of the workpiece reduced and having the shafts fixed with respect to movement in the direction of travel of the workpiece, the workpiece is rolled at such a... | 08/15/1978 |
| 4037087 | Rolling mill control method and apparatus having operator update of presets Rolling mill computer control system includes an operator update program which accepts requests from a mill operator to modify computer setups for speed and screwdown presets. When under computer control and abnormal mill conditions arise, the computer pr... | 07/19/1977 |