Famous Patents
3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7937943 | Heat engines This invention provides heat engines based on the structure of internal combustion engines and employs a gaseous working fluid without combustion. The heat engine comprises at least a piston and cylinder assembly and each cylinder has at least an associated heating ... | 05/10/2011 |
| 7845171 | Supercharged internal combustion engine with an expander unit in a heat recovery circuit A supercharged internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle has a cooling circuit, in which a working medium is recycled, which is conveyed at least partially in a vaporous or gaseous physical state. At least one expander unit is provided which is operatively conne... | 12/07/2010 |
| 7337869 | Hydraulic hybrid vehicle with integrated hydraulic drive module and four-wheel-drive, and method of operation thereof A vehicle includes an integrated drive module coupled to an axle thereof. The module includes a hydraulic motor configured to provide motive power at an output shaft, and a differential for distributing the motive power to right and left portions of the axle. The hy... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7314356 | Fluid machine An outer end of a seal element for a fixed scroll is extended to a position close to an end of an inside spiral wall of the fixed scroll, and an outwardly extended portion is formed at an outer periphery of a disc-shaped base plate of a movable scroll, so that a bot... | 01/01/2008 |
| 7314104 | Steam driven road vehicle A steam driven road vehicle having a firebox, a boiler, a drive mechanism operated by steam from the boiler, a water supply supplying water to the boiler, and a drive connection connected between the drive mechanism and an axle of the vehicle. A fuel bin is supporte... | 01/01/2008 |
| 7273023 | Steam enhanced double piston cycle engine A steam enhanced dual piston cycle engine utilizes a unique dual piston apparatus that includes: a first cylinder housing a first piston therein, wherein the first piston performs only intake and compression strokes; a second cylinder housing an inner power piston t... | 09/25/2007 |
| 7114334 | Impingement heat exchanger for stirling cycle machines Impingement style heat exchanger through which significant heat transfer improvements can be obtained. The heat exchanger of the present invention operates such that the bulk of heat transfer between the heat source and the working fluid occurs during the portion of... | 10/03/2006 |
| 7114485 | Over expanded two-stroke engines A method for combusting fuel in an engine involving decreasing a first volume of a homogeneous lean fuel/air charge to a second volume, in two stages, while increasing the pressure and temperature of that charge (a compression process having a chosen compression rat... | 10/03/2006 |
| 7104061 | Fluid machine A fluid machine for a waste heat collecting system for an internal combustion engine has an object to make most use of the collected waste heat and an operation of a compressor, an alternator or the like by a rotational driving force from an expansion device functio... | 09/12/2006 |
| 7096833 | Control device for supercharged engine In a pair of preceding and following cylinders whose exhaust and intake strokes overlap each other, intake air supplied to the preceding cylinder (2A, 2D) is supercharged by a turbocharger (23) to produce combustion at a “lean” air-fuel rati... | 08/29/2006 |
| 6998727 | Methods of operating a parallel hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine and a secondary power source The invention is directed toward methods for operating a parallel hybrid vehicle in a manner that responds to the operator's demand for power output, while maximizing engine efficiency and minimizing disruptions in vehicle drivability. According to principles of the... | 02/14/2006 |
| 6994057 | Compression ignition engine by air injection from air-only cylinder to adjacent air-fuel cylinder The internal combustion engine relies on air injection for ignition instead of Otto cycle spark or Diesel cycle fuel injection. Cylinder pairs are connected by a cylinder-connecting valve, which opens near top-dead-center on the compression stroke injecting high-pre... | 02/07/2006 |
| 6976360 | Steam engine A steam engine has a fluid container, a heating device and a cooling device provided at the fluid container for heating and cooling working fluid filled in the fluid container, so that a part of the working fluid is heated and vaporized to move the liquid-phase work... | 12/20/2005 |
| 6829892 | Engine exhaust system pneumatic pump A multi-cylinder diesel engine provides split mode operation in which one or more cylinders function as air pumps. Compressed air supplied by the cylinders is amplified and stored to a high pressure air tank from which it may be used to run air brakes or other syste... | 12/14/2004 |
| 6725662 | Drive device In a drive system, there is provided a waste heat recovering device forming a Rankine cycle by an evaporator for heating water with waste heat of an internal combustion engine to generate high-pressure vapor, the internal combustion engine being connected to a trans... | 04/27/2004 |
| 6581381 | Engine having adiabatic members in its combustion chambers, engine capable of reusing exhausted energy, and high pressure jet assembly having the engine Disclosed are an adiabatic engine, an engine capable of reusing exhausted energy, and a high pressure jet assembly. The adiabatic engine has: a cylinder having an inner side surface, on which the adiabatic member is formed extending longer than at least a... | 06/24/2003 |
| 6553977 | Five-stroke internal combustion engine The present invention concerns a process of construction of a five-stroke internal combustion engine comprising especially at least one low-pressure cylinder (1) functioning in a two-stroke mode located between two high-pressure combustion cylinder (2,3) ... | 04/29/2003 |
| 6481206 | Compound cycle internal combustion engine A method for combusting fuel in an engine involving decreasing a first volume of a gas to a second volume while increasing a pressure and a temperature thereof, then increasing the second volume to a third volume at a constant pressure while adding heat u... | 11/19/2002 |
| 6393841 | Internal combustion engine with dual exhaust expansion cylinders An Internal combustion engine is provided having separately designated combustion and exhaust powered cylinders, for implementing a dual exhaust expansion system which derives additional power from the combustion exhaust gases of each cylinder. The piston... | 05/28/2002 |
| 6318310 | Internal combustion engine Most internal combustion engines may be optimized for either power or efficiency. A dual mode internal combustion engine may operate in either a power mode or an efficient mode. The dual mode internal combustion engine has two four-cycle combustion chambe... | 11/20/2001 |
| 6282898 | Operation of forced induction internal combustion engines A spark ignition internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber and an operating cycle with induction, compression, power and exhaust phases, said engine having a forced induction system including an intake air compressor supplying inta... | 09/04/2001 |
| 6202416 | Dual-cylinder expander engine and combustion method with two expansion strokes per cycle An internal combustion engine is provided with an expansion cylinder and at least one combustion cylinder, preferably two or four combustion cylinders per expansion cylinder. An air-fuel mixture is ignited within the combustion cylinders to drive a combus... | 03/20/2001 |
| 6095100 | Combination internal combustion and steam engine An engine (10) having a series of cylinders (12, 14, 16 and 18) in which pistons (30, 32, 34 and 36) are arranged for reciprocation and which are connected to a crankshaft (38). Two of the cylinders (12 and 18) operate in an Otto cycle, and water is injec... | 08/01/2000 |
| 5904046 | Pulse tube refrigerating system A pulse tube refrigeration system includes a pressure wave generator generating continuous pressure wave of a working fluid: a regenerator having a low temperature end and a high temperature end connected to the pressure wave generator; a cold head connec... | 05/18/1999 |
| 5566549 | In-line engines having residual cycles and method of operation Apparatus and a method control the passage of gases into and from a combustion cylinder of an engine. Each combustion cylinder of the engine is associated with a respective induction-compression and an exhaust-expansion cylinder and the compressed gases o... | 10/22/1996 |
| 5325824 | Split cycle internal combustion engine A split cycle internal combustion engine having located wholly within the combustion chamber (13) of the firing cylinder (10) and spaced from the walls thereof a hollow dome (14) with the closed head of the dome (14) adjacent to the head (11) of the firin... | 07/05/1994 |
| 5261238 | Internal combustion steam engine The invention is an internal combustion steam engine comprising a conventional internal combustion engine, provided with a means for injecting water into power cylinders immediately after combustion of a fuel/air charge in the power cylinders such that th... | 11/16/1993 |
| 5103645 | Internal combustion engine and method Disclosed are methods of and means for an improved internal combustion engine performance and of substantially reduced or eliminated pollutants. A relatively slow and long burning combustion is provided which produces an exhaust of high pressure which can... | 04/14/1992 |
| 5072589 | Internal combustion engine having multiple expansion and compression A staged two-stroke internal combustion engine with reciprocating pistons wherein the cycle comprises a first compression of fresh air possibly followed by a cooling, a second compression of air or of mixture or the injection of fuel (Diesel version), a f... | 12/17/1991 |
| 5056471 | Internal combustion engine with two-stage exhaust An internal combustion engine is provided having pairs of separately designated combustion and exhaust cylinders for implementing a two-stage exhaust system which derives work from the combustion gases of the combustion cylinders. The piston within each e... | 10/15/1991 |
| 4704868 | Apparatus for the expansion of pressurized, pulsating exhaust gases, more especially the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine An apparatus for the expansion of pressurized, pulsating exhaust gases comprises at least one expansion chamber (12a, 12b; 40; 68, and 70), a piston (18; 44; and 66) oscillating in the expansion chamber (12a, 12b; 40; 68 and 70) and an output drive (16, 3... | 11/10/1987 |
| 4663938 | Adiabatic positive displacement machinery Adiabatic positive displacement gas cycle machinery is designed with explicit control of the heat flow between the gas and the walls. The control is achieved by maintaining near-laminar flow and a small wall area to volume ratio. The most stable near-lami... | 05/12/1987 |
| 4630444 | Internal combustion engine with a combination exhaust and direct drive supercharger An internal combustion engine is connected to a supercharger operated by exhaust energy for the compression and transport of an air charge. The supercharger has at least one exhaust chamber and one air chamber which are separated from each other by a part... | 12/23/1986 |
| 4599863 | Compound internal combustion and external combustion engine A compound engine having at least one internal combustion cylinder operating in a conventional manner, and an air or external combustion cylinder associated therewith. The external combustion cylinder operates according to the same cycle as the internal c... | 07/15/1986 |
| 4393656 | Waste heat recovery system for an internal combustion engine A method and apparatus for recovering and utilizing waste heat from the exhaust and coolant of an internal combustion engine. The waste heat recovery system uses two separate and closed circuits of working fluid with one circuit being heated by the exhaus... | 07/19/1983 |
| 4250850 | Reduced load working cycle for a four-stroke combustion engine and engines using said cycle The invention relates to piston-type internal combustion engines. A four-stroke engine in which, on reduced load, a part of the cylinders is used as combustion cylinders, the other part forming an additional expansion enclosure for the gases issuing from the c... | 02/17/1981 |
| 4186561 | Split cycle internal combustion engines A split cycle internal combustion engine of the kind described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,408,811, in which the only ignition means is heat supplied from an external source such as an incandescent tube or a heater for the admitted air and which advance and retard... | 02/05/1980 |
| 4159700 | Internal combustion compound engines This invention relates to improving the internal combustion and internal use of fuel in reciprocating engines, and more particularly to reciprocating engines which are compounded in order to effect extension of the expansion event of the four-event work c... | 07/03/1979 |
| 4159699 | Compound engines This invention relates to improving the internal combustion and internal use of fuel in reciprocating engines, and more particularly to reciprocating engines which are compounded in order to effect extension of the expansion event of the four-event work c... | 07/03/1979 |
| 4121423 | Compound internal-combustion hot-gas engines The present invention is a compound internal-combustion hot-gas engine comprising a housing wherein there are internal-combustion means and hot-gas means which are coupled mechanically by a single crankshaft, coupled thermally by a thermal energy recupera... | 10/24/1978 |
