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3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7189885 | Staged process for producing linear 2-phenyl-alkanes The process disclosed herein is a process for producing phenyl-alkanes by alkylation of an aryl compound with an olefinic compound and which uses a mordenite catalyst and a silica-alumina catalyst. The selectivity of the process to 2-phenyl-alkanes can be varied ove... | 03/13/2007 |
| 7151199 | Hydrocarbon conversion processes using non-zeolitic molecular sieve catalysts Hydrocarbon or oxygenate conversion process in which a feedstock is contacted with a non zeolitic molecular sieve which has been treated to remove most, if not all, of the halogen contained in the catalyst. The halogen may be removed by one of several methods. One m... | 12/19/2006 |
| 7148388 | Process for preparing and olefinic hydrocarbon mixture In a process for preparing an olefinic hydrocarbon mixture comprising at least 5% by weight of mono-olefin oligomers of the empirical formula: CnH2n where n is greater than or equal to 6, a feedstock comprising n-butene and... | 12/12/2006 |
| 7138557 | Selective dimethylether recovery and recycle in a methanol-to-olefin process An improved methanol-to-olefin (MTO) product recovery scheme is provided which enables substantial reduction in the amount of light olefins that are undesirably captured in a dimethylether (DME) recycle stream when a portion of the methanolic feed to the MTO reactio... | 11/21/2006 |
| 7132580 | Selective dimethylether and methanol recovery and recycle in a methanol-to-olefin process An improved methanol-to-olefin (MTO) product recovery scheme is provided which enables substantial reduction in the amount of light olefins that are undesirably captured in a dimethylether (DME) recycle stream and improved recovery of methanol when a portion of the ... | 11/07/2006 |
| 6399835 | Process for electrophilic aromatic substitution Processes for the electrophilic substitution of aromatic compounds, such as alkylation, with a desired substituent are disclosed. The processes include contacting the aromatic compound, a precursor of the desired substituent and an aqueous reagent contain... | 06/04/2002 |
| 6303840 | Alkylation reactions of aromatic subtrates A process for the alkylation of aromatic substrates under supercritical or near-critical reaction conditions is described. In particular, a method for performing Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions is disclosed under those conditions. Friedel-Crafts react... | 10/16/2001 |
| 6248930 | Fluorine-modified perfluorinated ion-exchange microcomposite catalysts This invention concerns fluorine-modified perfluorinated ion-exchange microcomposites, comprising a perfluorinated ion-exchange polymer containing pendant sulphonic acid groups and/or carboxylic acid groups, entrapped within and highly dispersed throughou... | 06/19/2001 |
| 5986155 | Catalytic process for making high reactivity alkylating agents and products resulting therefrom Treating low reactivity alkylating agents in the vapor phase with catalysts converts the low reactivity alkylating agents to high reactivity alkylating agents. The alkylating agents are useful in synthesis of alkyl aromatics with Lewis acid catalysts.... | 11/16/1999 |
| 5962760 | Alkylation of aromatics using a metal cation-modified friedel-crafts type catalyst A process for the alkylation of aromatic compounds with an olefin or alkyl halide having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms utilizes a novel catalyst comprising: a) a refractory inorganic oxide, b) the reaction product of a first metal halide and bound surface hyd... | 10/05/1999 |
| 5859302 | Processes employing reusable aluminum catalysts Described are novel processes which employ reusable aluminum catalysts in Friedel-Crafts reactions. In one aspect, a novel process for producing a Friedel-Crafts reaction product is described, the process comprising: providing, to a reactor, aromatic reac... | 01/12/1999 |
| 5856607 | Process for production of ethylbenzene frome dilute ethylene streams The present invention relates to a process for the production of ethylbenzene from dilute ethylene streams, especially from mixtures of ethane and ethylene where such mixture is the offgas from a refinery operation, such as a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC... | 01/05/1999 |
| 5847254 | Alkylation of benzene to form linear alkylbenzenes using fluorine-containing mordenites This invention is directed to a fluorine-containing mordenite catalyst and use thereof in the manufacture of linear alkylbenzene (LAB) by alkylation of benzene with an olefin. The olefin may have from about 10 to 14 carbons. The fluorine-containing morden... | 12/08/1998 |
| 5777187 | Two-step process for alkylation of benzene to form linear alkylbenzenes This invention is directed to a fluorine-containing mordenite catalyst and use thereof in the manufacture of linear alkylbenzene (LAB) by alkylation of benzene with an olefin. The olefin may have from about 10 to 14 carbons. The fluorine-containing morden... | 07/07/1998 |
| 5770782 | Process and system for alkylation of aromatic compounds This invention is directed to a reactive distillation process and system for the alkylation of liquid aromatic compounds with a liquid olefin or olefin/paraffin mixture. The aromatic compound may have from about 6 to about 30 carbons and the olefin may ha... | 06/23/1998 |
| 5672797 | Alkylation of aromatics using a metal cation-modified friedel-crafts type catalyst A process for the alkylation of aromatic compounds with an olefin, alcohol, or alkyl halide having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms comprising reacting in the liquid phase the aromatic and alkylating agent under alkylation conditions in the presence of a novel c... | 09/30/1997 |
| 5600050 | Zeolite catalyst for the liquid phase alkylation and transalkylation of benzene Disclosed is a modified zeolite catalyst for the liquid phase alkylation and transalkylation of benzene comprising 30 to 70% by weight of H-beta zeolite with a silicon to aluminium ratio of 20 to 40; 0.5 to 10% by weight of halogen; and γ-Al2 ... | 02/04/1997 |
| 5444172 | Process for producing a monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon compound There is disclosed a process for producing a monoalkenylbenzene which comprises alkenylating a side chain of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound having at least one hydrogen atom bonded at -position of the side chain (such as xylene) with a conjugated... | 08/22/1995 |
| 5436381 | Process for producing a monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon compound There is disclosed a process for producing a monoalkenylbenzene which comprises alkenylating a side chain of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound having at least one hydrogen atom bonded at -position of the side chain (such as xylene) with a conjugated... | 07/25/1995 |
| 5344997 | Alkylation of aromatics using a fluorided silica-alumina catalyst A fluorided silica-alumina catalyst, particularly one with a silica:alumina ratio in the range of 1:1-9:1 containing from 1 to 6 weight percent fluoride, is particularly effective in the liquid phase alkylation of benzene by linear olefins to produce line... | 09/06/1994 |
| 5259948 | Hydrocarbon conversion process using a novel silicon enhanced amorphous silica-alumina This invention relates to a hydrocarbon conversion processes, e.g., hydrocracking, cracking, alkylation, etc., using a silicon enhanced amorphous silica-alumina (SEASAL) composition. The composition is characterized in that from about 3 to about 22 mole p... | 11/09/1993 |
| 5135642 | Hydrocarbon conversion processes using novel crystalline silicon enhanced aluminas This invention relates to novel silicon enhanced aluminas (SEAL), processes to prepare them, and hydrocarbon conversion processes using the SEALs. The SEAL compositions have a bulk empirical formula of Al2-x Six O3 Fx... | 08/04/1992 |
| 5077445 | Liquid-phase alkylbenzene synthesis using hydrated catalyst There is provided a process for the liquid-phase synthesis of an alkylbenzene, such as ethylbenzene, using a particular MCM-22 zeolite catalyst which has been hydrated with liquid water.... | 12/31/1991 |
| 5030785 | Process for preparing long chain alkyl aromatic compounds employing Lewis acid-promoted zeolite catalysts Aromatic hydrocarbons are alkylated with relatively long chain alkylating agents, e.g., C6 + olefins, in the presence of, as catalyst, certain Lewis acid-promoted zeolites to provide long chain aromatic products which are useful, inter alia, as... | 07/09/1991 |
| 4950832 | Method for preparation of dialkylnaphthalenes and catalyst for the same Dialkylnaphthalenes, especially 2,6-dialkylnaphthalene can be prepared with good yield for a long time by reacting naphthalene and/or monoalkylnaphthalenes with C2 -C4 olefin in the presence of silica-alumina catalyst containing 0.1-... | 08/21/1990 |
| 4898660 | Catalytic uses of crystalline metallophosphate compositions A novel family of crystalline, microporus aluminophosphate compositions is synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization at elevated temperatures of aluminophosphate gels containing a molecular structure forming template. The family comprises a number of di... | 02/06/1990 |
| 4891465 | Process for producting alkyl group-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons In a process for producing an alkyl group-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon according to the present invention, (i) an aromatic hydrocarbon is reacted with (ii) an alkylating agent selected from the group consisting of olefins, lower aliphatic alcohols and... | 01/02/1990 |
| 4721825 | Process for the production of xylene A process for producing xylene from toluene or benzene by the use as a catalyst of a fluorine-containing crystalline aluminosilicate or a fluorine-containing crystalline borosilicate. The specified crystalline silicate catalyst increases the conversion of... | 01/26/1988 |
| 4721559 | Boron, aluminum and gallium perfluoro alkanesulfonate and resinsulfonate catalysts Boron, aluminum and gallium C1 -C18 perfluoroalkanesulfonates (CF3 (CF2)n SO3)3 M (M=B, A1, Ga; n=0-17) as well as perfluororesin sulfonates such as Nafionates are new, highly effecti... | 01/26/1988 |
| 4709110 | Catalytic conversion with boron trifluoride treated zeolite A modified ZSM-5 type zeolite is provided by treatment of a ZSM-5 type zeolite with BF3. The novel product is characterized by reduced pore size and enhanced shape-selectivity, or by enhanced activity, or by both. This invention also provides a... | 11/24/1987 |
| 4658072 | Lubricant composition A lubricant composition having an improved viscosity index and flash point is prepared by reacting diisopropylbenzenes and hexylbenzenes with alpha olefins using a tantalum (V) halide/oxide-gel oxide catalyst.... | 04/14/1987 |
| 4620921 | Acid-catalyzed hydrocarbon conversion process Substitution of aluminum or gallium for boron or iron contained in the framework of a high silica content zeolite is effected by treating the zeolite in liquid water in the presence of a compound of aluminum or gallium. Catalyst comprising the treated zeo... | 11/04/1986 |
| 4530756 | Catalysis over activated high silica zeolites A process is provided for conducting organic compound conversion over a catalyst composition comprising a crystalline zeolite having a high initial silica-to-alumina mole ratio, said zeolite being prepared by calcining the zeolite, contacting said calcine... | 07/23/1985 |
| 4524229 | Arene alkylation with metal oxide-niobium halide/oxide catalysts Benzene and substituted benzene compounds are alkylated with olefins by contact with a catalyst which comprises a metal oxide substrate having niobium (V) halide/oxide bound to the surface of the substrate.... | 06/18/1985 |
| 4520219 | Process for the production of pseudocumene or durene A process for producing pseudocueme or durene is described, comprising methylating xylene by the use as a catalyst of at least one crystalline silicate selected from the group consisting of crystalline borosilicate, fluorine-containing crystalline borosil... | 05/28/1985 |
| 4500418 | Catalysis over activated inorganic oxides A process is provided for conducting organic compound conversion over a catalyst comprising alumina and/or gallia which has been treated by a method which comprises contact with ammonium or boron fluoride reagent, contact with a particular aqueous ammoniu... | 02/19/1985 |
| 4463207 | Arene alkylation with metal oxide-tantalum halide/oxide catalysts Benzene and substituted benzene compounds are alkylated with olefins by contact with a catalyst which comprises a metal oxide substrate having tantalum (V) halide/oxide bound to the surface of the substrate.... | 07/31/1984 |
| 4313021 | Process for the conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons A process for the conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g., reacting an alkylating agent, preferably an olefin, with an aromatic hydrocarbon. The process uses a novel catalyst prepared by subjecting alumina to an anhydrous tetravalent titanium fluoride c... | 01/26/1982 |
| 4243827 | Process for the conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons A process for the conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g., reacting an alkylating agent, preferably an olefin, with an aromatic hydrocarbon. The process uses a novel catalyst prepared by subjecting alumina to an anhydrous tetravalent titanium flouride c... | 01/06/1981 |
| 4123468 | Titanium tetrachloride as heterogeneous catalyst for isomerization of alkylaromatic hydrocarbon A process for the conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons is disclosed which is especially useful for reaction of an alkylating agent, preferably propylene, with an aromatic hydrocarbon. Novel feature is use of a catalyst system comprising TiCl4 an... | 10/31/1978 |
