3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8026223 | Treating malignant tumors with high field strength electroporation of plasmids encoding IL-12 In accordance with the present invention is provided a method of treating a subject having a cancerous tumor. The treatment protocol methodology includes injecting the cancerous tumor with an effective dose of plasmid coding for a therapeutic protein followed by adm... | 09/27/2011 |
| 8017399 | System and method for electroporating a sample A system and method are described for electroporating a sample that utilizes one or more sets of electrodes that are spaced apart in order to hold a surface tension constrained sample between the electrodes. The first electrode is connected to the lower body of the ... | 09/13/2011 |
| 8003389 | Buffer solution for electroporation and a method comprising the use of the same A method for introducing biologically active molecules into animal or human cells using electric current includes suspending the cells and dissolving the biologically active molecules in a buffer solution which has a buffer capacity of at least 20 mmol×l−1 | 08/23/2011 |
| 7923251 | Method and apparatus for avalanche-mediated transfer of agents into cells The present invention provides a method and apparatus for transferring an agent into a cell. The method includes the steps of providing an agent outside of a cell and generating a vapor bubble and a plasma discharge between an avalanche electrode and a conductive fl... | 04/12/2011 |
| 7879610 | Electroporation system and method for facilitating entry of molecules into cells in vivo A method for facilitating a delivery of a molecule into an interior space of a cell includes the steps of introducing a molecule into a target tissue comprising a cell and applying a substantially continuous low-level electric field to the target tissue. The field i... | 02/01/2011 |
| 7846731 | Method of introducing nucelic acid The present invention relates to a method of introducing nucleic acids into cells by electroporation, comprising the step (A) of loading nucleic acids to the surface of an electrode; the step (B) of adhering cells ... | 12/07/2010 |
| 7713740 | Method of using electric fields to facilitate the entry of molecules into cells in vivo A method for facilitating a delivery of a molecule into an interior space of a cell includes the steps of introducing a molecule into a target tissue comprising a cell and applying a substantially continuous low-level electric field to the target tissue. The field i... | 05/11/2010 |
| 7704743 | Electrosonic cell manipulation device and method of use thereof In method of injecting a substance into a living cell having a cell membrane, the substance, the cell and a liquid are placed into a tapering passage. Energy is applied to the cell, thereby inducing poration. To sort cells, a cellular suspension is placed in a taper... | 04/27/2010 |
| 7700357 | Method for treating small volumes with electrical current Disclosed is a method for treating biological material via electrical current, in which the biological material is added to a small volume of a buffer solution having relative high ionic strength. A strong electrical field is generated in the buffer solution by a hi... | 04/20/2010 |
| 7687267 | High-throughput cell transfection device and methods of using thereof Transfecting biology cells with nucleic acid molecules (DNA, siRNA) is an essential prerequisite in elucidating how genes function in complex cellular context and how their activities could be modulated for therapeutic intervention. Traditionally studies are carried... | 03/30/2010 |
| 7547551 | Transfection of eukaryontic cells with linear polynucleotides by electroporation The present invention provides an improved method for gene delivery in eukaryotic cells by electroporation, preferably in human hematopoietic cells, particular dendritic cells. The method of the invention is superior to lipofection and passive pulsing of mRNA and to... | 06/16/2009 |
| 7427503 | Method for transferring material in a cell system Described is a method for method for transferring material through the membrane of at least one cell, wherein the transfer is carried out in the presence of trehalose. This method is applicable in particular in the field of genetic engineering and biotechnology.... | 09/23/2008 |
| 7393681 | System and method for electroporating a sample A system and method are described for electroporating a sample that utilizes one or more sets of electrodes that are spaced apart in order to hold a surface tension constrained sample between the electrodes. The first electrode is connected to the lower body of the ... | 07/01/2008 |
| 7358077 | Method and device for electroporation of biological cells Described are methods for electrical treatment of biological cells, in particular using electrical field pulses, involving the steps: arrangement of the cells (1) on apertures (2) of a solid planar carrier element (3) which divides a measuring c... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7341864 | Molecule transferring device, auxiliary for molecule transferring device, and molecule transferring method A molecule introducing apparatus is provided with a power supply circuit 20 for supplying power, a step-up transformer 30 which is supplied with power from the power supply circuit 20 and which outputs a high voltage, a switching transistor 2... | 03/11/2008 |
| 7343571 | Simulation model for a semiconductor device describing a quasi-static density of a carrier as a non-quasi-static model There is disclosed a simulation model for designing a semiconductor device, comprising adding at least a part of a difference between a density of a carrier described in a quasi-static manner with respect to a voltage applied between electrodes at a first time and a... | 03/11/2008 |
| 7332332 | Buffer solution for electroporation and a method comprising the use of the same The invention relates to a buffer solution for suspending animal or human cells and for dissolving biologically active molecules in order to introduce biologically active molecules into cells using an electric current. The inventive buffer solution has a buffering c... | 02/19/2008 |
| 7264969 | Carrier system for specific artery wall gene delivery An artery wall binding peptide (AWBP) based on the artery wall cell-binding domain of apolipoprotein B-100 was conjugated to a cationic backbone configured for forming a complex with a nucleic acid to produce a composition that enhances gene transfer to artery wall ... | 09/04/2007 |
| 7262025 | Hybrid vector having a cytomegalovirus enhancer and myeloproliferative sarcoma virus promoter An expression vector capable of expressing high levels of heterologous proteins having a cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer 5′ upstream from a myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) promoter. ... | 08/28/2007 |
| 7217571 | Gene therapy by small fragment homologous replacement A method for gene therapy using small fragment homologous replacement. The method introduces small fragments of exogenous DNA into regions of endogenous genomic DNA virtually homologous to the exogenous DNA. The exogenous DNA fragments contains sequence modification... | 05/15/2007 |
| 7186547 | Electrofusion microelectrode The present invention is directed to an electrofusion microelectrode used in the alignment, manipulation, fusion, or electroporation of cells. This device is particularly useful for transplantation of cells and cellular components. ... | 03/06/2007 |
| 7186559 | Apparatus and method for electroporation of biological samples The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for the encapsulation of biologically-active substances in various cell populations. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the encapsulation of biologically-active substa... | 03/06/2007 |
| 7141425 | Apparatus and method for electroporation of biological samples The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for the encapsulation of biologically-active substances in various cell populations. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the encapsulation of biologically-active substa... | 11/28/2006 |
| 7132404 | Compositions for receptor/liposome mediated transfection and methods of using same The present invention provides a composition of matter for introducing an exogenous nucleic acid molecule into a target cell, comprising a liposome, a ligand polymeric scaffold, wherein the ligand can bind to a cell surface receptor or molecule. The invention also p... | 11/07/2006 |
| 7132242 | Method and device for targeted delivery of materials to selected single cells A method and device for delivering a quantity of at least one material to a selected single cell in a manner that permits impingement of material with the cell. The material travels at a suitable trajectory and velocity and is ejected from an electronically controll... | 11/07/2006 |
| 7129062 | Matrix attachment regions and methods for use thereof The present invention relates to compositions and methods for transfecting eukaryotic cells with nucleic acid vectors. In particular, the invention relates to the uses of Matrix Attachment Region (MAR) elements to increase stable and transient transfection efficienc... | 10/31/2006 |
| 7109034 | Method for electro-permeabilization of individual cellular and organellar structures and use thereof The invention relates to a method for permeabilization of a cell structure consisting of a single cell, an intracellular structure or an organelle comprising the following steps: (a) microelectrodes, preferably two carbon fiber electrodes or hollow fiber electrodes,... | 09/19/2006 |
| 7101703 | Electrofusion microelectrode The present invention is directed to an electrofusion microelectrode used in the alignment, manipulation, fusion, or electroporation of cells. This device is particularly useful for transplantation of cells and cellular components. ... | 09/05/2006 |
| 7087444 | Method for integration of microelectronic components with microfluidic devices A method of forming an integrated microelectronic device and a micro channel is provided. The method offers an inexpensive way of integrating devices that are usually incompatible during fabrication, a microchannel and a microelectronic structure such as an electro-... | 08/08/2006 |
| 7083980 | Tn5 transposase mutants and the use thereof Tn5 transposase (Tnp) mutants that have higher transposase activities than the wild-type Tnp are disclosed. The Tn5 Tnp mutants differ from the wild-type Tnp at amino acid positions 54, 242, and 372 and have greater avidity than the wild-type Tnp for at least one of... | 08/01/2006 |
| 7078218 | Alphavirus particles and methods for preparation Provided herein are methods for producing alphavirus replicon particles in high yield; replicon RNAs are electroporated into permissive cells, where the cells are at a relatively high density, together with at least one helper nucleic acid providing the necessary fu... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7053063 | Controlled electroporation and mass transfer across cell membranes in tissue Electroporation is performed in a controlled manner in individual and multiple biological cells present in biological tissue by monitoring the electrical impedance, defined herein as the ratio of current to voltage in the electroporation cell. The impedance detects ... | 05/30/2006 |
| 7045335 | Alphavirus replicon vector systems The present invention provides compositions useful in and methods for producing populations of infectious, replication-defective alphavirus replicon particles that contain no replication-competent alphavirus particles, as determined by passage on cells in culture. T... | 05/16/2006 |
| 7029916 | Apparatus and method for flow electroporation of biological samples The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for the encapsulation of biologically-active substances in various cell populations. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the encapsulation of biologically-active substa... | 04/18/2006 |
| 7018819 | Method and apparatus for manipulation of cells and cell-like structures focused electric fields in microfludic systems and use thereof An apparatus and method are disclosed for electromanipulation of at least one cell or cell-like structure having cell-like membranes, the method comprising the steps: (a) at least one cell or cell-like structure is transported from one or more sample containers loca... | 03/28/2006 |
| 7008643 | Delivery system for biological material The present invention relates to a composition and method for delivery of biological material, especially nucleic acids into target cells and into the nucleus. ... | 03/07/2006 |
| 6987026 | Vector for the transformation of and process of transformation thereby The present invention is directed to a recombinant vector for transforming yeast and a process for transforming yeast thereby, more particularly to a recombinant vector comprising a gene encoding a mutated L41 protein having cycloheximide-resistant activity and a ri... | 01/17/2006 |
| 6974698 | Methods for delivering biologically active molecules into cells Methods for delivering a biologically active molecule into a cell by linking a molecule to the cell surface, wherein the molecule can act as a surface receptor, then complexing the biologically active molecule with a ligand for the surface receptor, and finally cont... | 12/13/2005 |
| 6962816 | Highly controllable electroporation and applications thereof The controllable electroporation system and method described herein allows control over the size, the number, the location, and the distribution of aqueous pores, thus increasing flexibility of use. The herein described system and method for controllable electropora... | 11/08/2005 |
| 6943018 | Transgenic expression from a SOCS-3 promoter in vertebrate cells Disclosed is a transgenic vertebrate cell containing a nucleic acid construct comprising a murine SOCS-3 promoter, or an operative fragment thereof, or an operative derivative of either of these. ... | 09/13/2005 |