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...Chester Carlson was a patent agent who tired of having to make multiple copies of patent applications using the only duplication method available at the time: carbon paper. In 1959 he came up with a new copying system and took it to IBM for evaluation. The "experts" at IBM determined potential sales to be only 5,000 units because people wouldn't want to use a bulky machine when they had carbon paper. Carlson's invention was the xerography process, the company founded on the system is Xerox.

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Class 435/442 - By replacement of standard nucleic acid base with base analog (e.g., 5-bromouracil, etc.)


Subclass of Class 435 - Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Definition: Processes involving a compound which is incorporated into
No. of patents: 36
Last issue date: 04/06/2010


NumberTitleIssue Date
7691631Use of a modified phosphate for enhancing the natural mutation rate in bacteria and mutating recombinant DNA phage inserts
Methods are presented for enhancing the natural mutation rate of micro-organisms, particularly bacteria via a modified phosphate. The novel metabolite inhibits DNA repair mechanisms in vivo resulting in a 100-200 hundred fold increase in the mutation rate of bacteri...
04/06/2010
7332176viruses
Unique Solenopsis invicta viruses (SINV) have been identified and their genome sequenced. Oligonucleotide primers have been developed using the isolated nucleic acid sequences of the SINV. The viruses are used as a biocontrol agent for control of fire ants.
02/19/2008
7303897Method of preparing polynucleotide fragments for use in shuffling, and shuffling of same
The invention relates to a fragmentation process that depends on mismatches between two strands of parental polynucleotides. One embodiment, comprises a method for preparing polynucleotide fragments of DNA comprising formation of heteroduplex molecules by hybridizin...
12/04/2007
7179473Attenuated pestiviruses
This invention relates to attenuated pestiviruses characterised in that their enzymatic activity residing in glycoprotein ERNS is inactivated, methods of preparing, using and detecting these. ...
02/20/2007
7163929Methods and compositions for treating flaviviruses and pestiviruses
A method and composition for treating a host infected with flavivirus or pestivirus comprising administering an effective flavivirus or pestivirus treatment amount of a described 1′, 2′ or 3′-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug...
01/16/2007
7148206Methods and compositions for treating flaviviruses and pestiviruses
A method and composition for treating a host infected with flavivirus or pestivirus comprising administering an effective flavivirus or pestivirus treatment amount of a described 1′, 2′ or 3′-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug...
12/12/2006
7115590Phosphoramidate, and mono-, di-, and tri-phosphate esters of (1R, cis)-4-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-cyclopentene-1-methanol as antiviral agents
The present invention relates to phosphoramidate, and phosphate esters of (1R,cis)-4-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-cyclopentene-1nethanol, processes for their preparation, and their use in treating viral infections. ...
10/03/2006
7105493Methods and compositions for treating flaviviruses and pestiviruses
A method and composition for treating a host infected with flavivirus or pestivirus comprising administering an effective flavivirus or pestivirus treatment amount of a described 1′, 2′ or 3′-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug...
09/12/2006
7101861Methods and compositions for treating flaviviruses and pestiviruses
A method and composition for treating a host infected with flavivirus or pestivirus comprising administering an effective flavivirus or pestivirus treatment amount of a described 1′, 2′ or 3′-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug...
09/05/2006
7049303Inhibition of viruses
Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a ribonucleoside analogue in accordance with general formula I or II as herein defined, in admixture with a physiologically acceptable excipient diluent or carrier. ...
05/23/2006
6983149Method for determining a monitored set of cells associated with an active set of cells
The present invention is related to cellular radio communication network and is a method for determining a Monitored set (MS) of cells associated with an Active set (AS) of cells by a particular ranking of the neighbouring cells associated with each of the cells in ...
01/03/2006
6890542Leishmania vaccine
The present invention relates to the use of a live mutant Leishmania in the preparation of a vaccine and to vaccine formulations for use in immunizing mammals, such as dogs and/or humans. The mutant Leishmania comprises at least one defective cysteine ...
05/10/2005
6887707Induction of viral mutation by incorporation of miscoding ribonucleoside analogs into viral RNA
The present invention is directed to the identification and use of ribonucleoside analogs to induce the mutation of an RNA virus, including BVDV, HIV and HCV, or a virus which otherwise replicates through an RNA intermediate. The increase in the mutation rate of the...
05/03/2005
6835867Allelic series of genomic modifications in cells
The present invention relates to methods of producing an allelic series of modifications in genes of interest in a cell. In particular, the invention provides methods for using nucleic acid sequence-modifying agents (e.g., chemicals, electromagnetic radiation, etc.)...
12/28/2004
6713289Nucleotide sequences which code for the eno gene
The present invention is directed to nucleotide sequences coding for a bacterial enolase enzyme. These sequences may be used in improved methods for the fermentative preparation of amino acids using coryneform bacteria. ...
03/30/2004
6653081Methods for monitoring antiretroviral therapy and guiding therapeutic decision in the treatment of HIV/AIDS
This invention relates to antiviral drug susceptibility and resistance tests to be used in identifying effective drug regimens for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and further rela...
11/25/2003
6610529Recombinant bacterial system with environmentally limited viability
Disclosed is an Environmentally Limited Viability System (ELVS) for microorganisms based on differences between permissive and non-permissive environments. Viability of the microorganisms are limited to a permissive environment by specifically expressing ...
08/26/2003
6608177Rantes mutants and therapeutic applications thereof
RANTES mutants characterized by the substitution or addition of amino acids at the N-terminal or RANTES wild-type sequence and in the N loop and/or 40' loop regions of RNATES wild-type sequence, and their use as anti-HIV, anti-allergic or anti-inflammator...
08/19/2003
6514729Recombinant interferon-beta muteins
The invention relates to novel interferon-beta activity (IbA) proteins and nucleic acids. The invention further relates to the use of the IbA proteins in the treatment of IFN-ଲ related disorders....
02/04/2003
6509459Base protecting groups and rapid process for oligonucleotide synthesis
The invention provides new processes for synthesizing oligonucleotides that allow for deprotection of the oligonucleotide under more rapid and/or more mild conditions than existing methods. The invention further provides a nucleoside base protecting group that...
01/21/2003
6500660Chimeric target molecules having a regulatable activity
The present invention relates to a chimeric target molecule having an activity which can be regulated or modulated by a binding molecule. The invention also relates to methods of using the chimeric target molecule to detect the presence and/or amount of a...
12/31/2002
6486113Mutant ଱-amylases
The invention relates to a mutant ଱-amylase having an amino acid sequence obtained by making deletion or replacement by another arbitrary amino acid residue of at least a methionine residue at the 202-position or a position homologous thereto among ...
11/26/2002
6291169Hapten derivatized capture membrane and diagnostic assays using such membrane
The present invention encompasses a capture membrane comprising a porous filter membrane having a hapten bound directly or indirectly to the membrane wherein complexes formed by specific binding having an anti-hapten bound to a binding member of the speci...
09/18/2001
6063628Induction of viral mutation by incorporation of miscoding ribonucleoside analogs into viral RNA
The present invention is directed to the identification and use of ribonucleoside analogs to induce the mutation of an RNA virus, including HIV and HCV, or a virus which otherwise replicates through an RNA intermediate. The increase in the mutation rate o...
05/16/2000
6033909Oligonucleotide analogs, their preparation and use
The invention relates to compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where R1 is H, alkyl, acyl, aryl, or a phosphate residue; R2 is H, OH, alkoxy, NH2, or halogen; B is a base customary in nucleotide chemistry; a is O or CH
03/07/2000
5955599Process for making oligonucleotides containing o- and s- methylphosphotriester internucleoside linkages
The invention provides oligonucleotides containing methyl phosphotriester linkages and processes for making and methods for using such oligonucleotides....
09/21/1999
5888728Hapten derivatized capture membrane and diagnostic assays using such membrane
The present invention encompasses a capture membrane comprising a porous filter membrane having a hapten bound directly or indirectly to the membrane wherein complexes formed by specific binding having an anti-hapten bound to a binding member of the speci...
03/30/1999
5834182Method for increasing transduction of cells by adeno-associated virus vectors
This invention includes methods for increasing the efficiency of transduction of cells, including non-dividing cells, by recombinant AAV vectors. The methods utilize agents that alter certain aspects of DNA metabolism, more specifically, that affect DNA s...
11/10/1998
5736383Preparation of Pichia methanolica auxotrophic mutants
Methods for preparing Pichia methanolica cells having auxotrophic mutations are disclosed. The methods comprise the steps of (a) exposing P. methanolica cells to mutagenizing conditions, (b) culturing the cells from step (a) in a rich medium to allow muta...
04/07/1998
5587290Stress tolerant yeast mutants
The invention provides methods and compositions relating to stress tolerant yeast; in particular, yeast mutants deficient in the expression of functional ATH1 gene product (Ath1p). Such yeast have enhanced tolerance to dehydration and freezing, are able t...
12/24/1996
5079154Mutant resistant to cell membrane synthesis inhibitor and process for preparing the same
A mutant of an extracellular enzyme-producing microorganism belonging to genus Bacillus, which is resistant to a cell membrane synthesis inhibitor, including vancomycin and ristocetin, is disclosed. The cell membrane synthesis inhibitor-resistant mutant c...
01/07/1992
4764465Human monoclonal antibody against group A red blood cells
A human monoclonal antibody that directly agglutinates type A human red blood cells is described. The exemplified antibody is an IgM and is produced by hybrid cells lines S-H22 and HHA1. The antibody is useful as an ABO typing reagent....
08/16/1988
4465769Non-transformed thymidine kinaseless cell line and its use for testing tumorigenic potential of genes
A non-transformed cell line is produced by treating BALB/c derived 10E2 cells with 5-bromodeoxyuridine and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine to produce thymidine kinaseless cells which upon multiple cloning show a flat epitheloid appearance indicative of their non-t...
08/14/1984
4322404Process for the production of new mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2
Herpes virus was doubly mutated in two steps by treatment with phosphono formic acid and 5-ethyl-2'-desoxyuredine. In this way the pathogenicity of the herpes virus was so weakened that they are usable as vaccines....
03/30/1982
3992522Temperature-sensitive recombinant mutant viruses and a process for producing same
A method and resulting temperature sensitive (ts) recombinants which may be produced by modifying wild-type influenza A viruses by utilization of chemically mutagenized donor viruses possessing ts lesions and shut off temperatures in the area 37°-38° C....
11/16/1976
3954536Process for mutating yeast
Yeasts are mutated by treatment with 5-fluorouracil after growth in a medium containing glucose followed by growth in a medium containing glycerin....
05/04/1976
 
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