...Chester Carlson was a patent agent who tired of having to make multiple copies of patent applications using the only duplication method available at the time: carbon paper. In 1959 he came up with a new copying system and took it to IBM for evaluation. The "experts" at IBM determined potential sales to be only 5,000 units because people wouldn't want to use a bulky machine when they had carbon paper. Carlson's invention was the xerography process, the company founded on the system is Xerox.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7311519 | Raw material feeding apparatus for rotary hearth furnace The invention provides a raw materials feeding apparatus capable of uniformly dispersing and feeding into a furnace agglomerated raw materials that are likely to undergo dusting, deformation and mutual adhesion. In a raw material feeding apparatus for a rotary heart... | 12/25/2007 |
| 7253052 | Method for forming a storage cell capacitor compatible with high dielectric constant materials Described are integrated circuit electrodes and method for fabricating an electrode, which include, in an embodiment forming a silicon, first portion of the electrode in a lower region of a substrate opening. The method may further include forming a second portion o... | 08/07/2007 |
| 7153707 | Method for forming a storage cell capacitor compatible with high dielectric constant materials An integrated circuit structure includes a digit line and an electrode adapted to be part of a storage cell capacitor and includes a barrier layer interposed between a conductive plug and an oxidation resistant layer. An insulative layer protects sidewalls of the ba... | 12/26/2006 |
| 7015532 | Capacitor compatible with high dielectric constant materials having a low contact resistance layer and the method for forming same A storage cell capacitor and a method for forming the storage cell capacitor having a storage node electrode including a barrier layer interposed between a conductive plug and an oxidation resistant layer. A layer of titanium silicide is fabricated to lie between th... | 03/21/2006 |
| 6862899 | Method and apparatus for heating glass melting furnaces with fossil fuels During the heating of glass melting furnaces having a combustion chamber with regenerators for preheating oxidation gases, with port necks that open into the combustion chamber, with primary burners and with secondary burners that are installed in a cascade arrangem... | 03/08/2005 |
| 6813902 | Systems and methods for increasing production of spheroidal glass particles in vertical glass furnaces A retrofit technology for air-fuel fired, vertical glass furnace for oxygen firing or boosting to provide additional heat to the process to increase furnace production capacity. The additional firing using oxygen is strategically controlled to enable enhanced radiat... | 11/09/2004 |
| 6811396 | Continuous casting unit with post-arranged furnace, roughing stand and finishing train The aim of the invention is to develop a hot rolling unit, comprising at least one continuous casting unit (1) with a post-arranged furnace (4), followed by a roughing stand (5) and, over a strip edge guide, a soaking furnace (15) and fin... | 11/02/2004 |
| 6776612 | Oven conveyor and method thereof A oven conveyor system is disclosed herein. In use, items to be heated are placed in contact with a hearth, and then moved across the hearth by the conveyor. The conveyor system allows the items to maintain contact with the hearth while being conveyed. A large volum... | 08/17/2004 |
| 6708527 | Glass feeder operated with oxy-gas combustion A glass feeder comprises an enclosed chamber through which molten glass can pass, and passing through each side wall into the chamber at least one burner comprising first and second burner head means for combusting oxidant and fuel within said chamber so as to gener... | 03/23/2004 |
| 6698248 | Methods and furnaces for fused silica production Methods and apparatus for producing fused silica members having high internal transmission are disclosed. The apparatus and methods are capable of producing fused silica having internal transmission of at least 99.65%/cm at 193 nm.... | 03/02/2004 |
| 6629839 | Method and apparatus for charging raw and carbonaceous materials into a moving hearth furnace The invention provides a method and apparatus for charging a raw material and a carbonaceous material, in which a reduced product generated on a hearth can be quickly melted for reliable separation into a metal and slag, and the metal and the slag can be ... | 10/07/2003 |
| 6357264 | Apparatus for melting molten material This apparatus is a furnace for heating molten material which employs oxygen-fuel burner assemblies. Preferably, the assemblies are submerged in the molten material. They are water cooled top down units with burner nozzles being off-set from the supply co... | 03/19/2002 |
| 6336808 | Process for manipulating workpieces and a rotating hearth furnace for the same A process for manipulating workpieces, which are to be carburized, wherein the workpieces or workpiece magazines that are to be deposited on pallets are loaded in several rows, corresponding to a predefined number of rows of workpieces, into a rotating he... | 01/08/2002 |
| 6313057 | Alkali resistant silica refractory A fused silica refractory material made from quartz grains and a method of making the material which contains calcium oxide binder in an amount less than one weight percent. The reduction in calcium oxide binder prevents the degradation of fused silica re... | 11/06/2001 |
| 6210155 | Charging device for a rotary hearth furnace The invention relates to a charging device for creating superimposed layers of fine-grained bulk material on a rotating hearth (2). For each layer of bulk material to be charged, said charging device comprises a discharge hopper (22) having an outflow slo... | 04/03/2001 |
| 6109062 | Apparatus for melting molten material This apparatus is a furnace for heating molten material which employs oxygen-fuel burner assemblies. Preferably, the assemblies are submerged in the molten material. They are water cooled top down units with burner nozzles being off-set from the supply co... | 08/29/2000 |
| 6085551 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing high melting point glasses with volatile components In the manufacturing of high melting point glasses with volatile components, in particular of glasses from the group of boron glasses and borosilicate glasses, a furnace is provided that has a superstructure, fossil fuel burners, and a melting tank. In fr... | 07/11/2000 |
| 6079229 | Process for improving the thermal profile of glass ovens In a process for manufacturing glass in a furnace a glass charge in solid form is introduced into a furnace-charging zone at an upstream part of a furnace. The glass charge is moved from the furnace-charging zone to a zone for removing the combustion smok... | 06/27/2000 |
| 6047565 | Method and device for reducing the NOx emission in a glass furnace A method and apparatus involving combustion for melting glass. The fuel and oxidizer of the combustion are both supplied in such a way as to spread out the fuel/oxidant contact over time and to increase the volume of the contact. This limits the temperatu... | 04/11/2000 |
| 6041622 | Method and apparatus for heating the change of a glass furnace A combustion assembly adapted for a furnace is provided. The assembly includes an axis comprising at least one pair of burners having axes. An oxidant lance is arranged between the burners of the pair and has a lance axis. A source of oxidant is connected... | 03/28/2000 |
| 5853448 | Method of heating the charge of a glass furnace Method of heating the charge of a glass furnace in which at least one burner is placed in a wall of a furnace so as to heat the bath of glass, characterized in that at least one assembly consisting of a first and a second burner which are fed with fuel ga... | 12/29/1998 |
| 5417732 | Oxygen fired glass furnace with burners in the upstream end A furnace for melting and refining E glass comprises a melting and refining tank for melting and refining the glass batch materials into glass and a forehearth, downstream of the tank, for further refining the glass and delivering the glass to fiberizing ... | 05/23/1995 |
| 5395416 | Regenerative glass melting furnace with reduced NOx emission Regenerative glass melting furnace of the type having a batch section where glass is melted, a port neck where combustion air is introduced, and burners supplied by fuel inlet nozzles in the floor, the roof, and the lateral walls of the port neck.... | 03/07/1995 |
| 5383782 | Gas-lance apparatus and method A gas-lance apparatus and method for injecting a rate-enhancing gas between a flame and a thermal load to augment combustion of fuel undergoing combustion in the flame. A fan-shaped main jet is introduced between the flame for producing a low pressure fie... | 01/24/1995 |
| 4909733 | Method and apparatus for gas lancing A gas-injection lance, burner, and method for use in a high temperature heating system which provides a nonaxisymmetric flow of a reaction-rate enhancing gas in sufficient proximity to the flame of the system, which extends over the surface to be heated, ... | 03/20/1990 |
| 4797142 | Method of preparing a melt for the production of mineral wool Method of preparing a melt for the production of mineral wool wherein suitably composed raw material and coke are fed into a preheating zone in the upper portion of a shaft furnace and are caused to descend down through the oxidation zone in which air is ... | 01/10/1989 |
| 4325693 | Device for heating open melting baths A device for heating open melting baths, especially galvanizing baths, enameling baths, lead coating baths, metal baths, and glass baths, and the like, in tubs, or vats or tanks, wherein an inert gas is circulated through components of the open baths whic... | 04/20/1982 |
| 4207065 | Device for heating open melting baths, such as galvanizing baths, enameling baths, lead coating baths, metallic baths, glass baths, and the like A device for heating open melting baths, especially galvanizing baths, enameling baths, lead coating baths, metal baths, and glass baths, and the like, in tubs, or vats or tanks, wherein an inert gas is circulated through components of the open bath which... | 06/10/1980 |