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3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7419700 | Nanoparticle-modified carbon-ceramic brake discs Carbon-ceramic brake discs, the remaining porosity in which, after infiltration with a carbide-forming element and reaction of this element with at least part of the carbon in the preliminary body of the carbon-ceramic brake disc to form carbides, is at least partly... | 09/02/2008 |
| 7404983 | Method and apparatus for open-air coating by laser-induced chemical vapor deposition The present inventions pertain to a method of applying a solid protective coating to articles, to a system capable of depositing a solid film layer on articles, and to hermetically sealed articles. In particular, films are deposited on fused quartz substrates, optic... | 07/29/2008 |
| 7335397 | Pressure gradient CVI/CVD apparatus and method An apparatus and method for densifying porous structures inside a furnace using pressure gradient CVI/CVD. The apparatus includes a stack of porous structures where each porous structure has an aperture therethrough. The apparatus also includes at least one ring-lik... | 02/26/2008 |
| 7332195 | Chemical vapor deposition method Method for densifying a porous carbon preform (5). The method includes the steps of: (a) providing the apparatus (11); (b) charging the apparatus (11) with a plurality of stacks of annular porous carbon preforms (5), the preforms being se... | 02/19/2008 |
| 7306826 | Use of biased fabric to improve properties of SiC/SiC ceramic composites for turbine engine components A method for making a ceramic matrix composite turbine engine component, wherein the method includes providing a plurality of biased ceramic plies, wherein each biased ply comprises ceramic fiber tows, the tows being woven in a first warp direction and a second weft... | 12/11/2007 |
| 7252860 | Process for producing a high temperature stable fiber reinforced ceramic A process is disclosed for producing a high temperature stable fiber composite ceramic by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) with a silicon carbide precursor in a suitable carrier gas on carbon fiber preforms or silicon carbide fiber preforms. This process is charact... | 08/07/2007 |
| 7125514 | Process for producing reinforcing SiC fiber for SiC composite material A mixed polymer liquid is prepared by mixing a polycarbosilane-dissolved organic solvent with poly(methylsilane) and moderated to viscosity of 5–20 Pa·s by heat-treatment to promote partial cross-linking reaction. The mixed-polymer is then melt-spun to fiber at 2... | 10/24/2006 |
| 7063870 | Manufacture of functionally graded carbon-carbon composites Annular brake disc preform (15), wherein 40 to 80 layers of reinforcement fibers of at least two different lengths (11, 19) ranging from 10–60 mm are distributed in a planar gradient throughout the body of the preform, with the reinforcement fibers l... | 06/20/2006 |
| 7018815 | Method for producing vitamin B12 from hydrogen-metabolizing methane bacterium Mesophilic methane bacteria obtained from digested sludge are acclimatized in an H2/CO2 medium and the acclimatized methane bacteria are grown on a support inclusive of inorganic nutritional salts of trace metal elements by using an immobilized... | 03/28/2006 |
| 6991847 | Light emitting photonic crystals The invention relates to processes for the synthesis of 2-D and 3-D periodic porous silicon structures and composites with improved properties having the advantages of porous silicon and photonic bandgap materials. Photonic crystals comprise a two dimensionally peri... | 01/31/2006 |
| 6942893 | Densifying hollow porous substrates by chemical vapor infiltration A porous substrate having a concave inside face and an outside face is disposed in an enclosure, and reactive gas is introduced into the enclosure to densify the substrate. At least a portion of the gas is divided into two non-zero fractions. The first fraction of t... | 09/13/2005 |
| 6905981 | Low-k dielectric materials and processes Improved dielectric materials suitable for use in integrated circuits and computer systems are provided by a chemical vapor deposition process employing fluoroalkane precursors. ... | 06/14/2005 |
| 6884476 | Ceramic masking material and application method for protecting turbine airfoil component surfaces during vapor phase aluminiding A masking material and a method for applying the masking material to preselected surfaces of a component to protect the surfaces to which the masking material is applied from exposure to a vapor phase of aluminum gas while a protective environmental coating is appli... | 04/26/2005 |
| 6854602 | Hydrogen-selective silica-based membrane A hydrogen permselective membrane, a method of forming a permselective membrane and an apparatus comprising a permselective membrane, a porous substrate and an optional intermediate layer are described. Using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at low reactant gas conce... | 02/15/2005 |
| 6783598 | Moisture barrier sealing of fiber optic coils A method of applying a moisture barrier seal to a fiber optic coil includes mounting a fiber optic coil in a vacuum deposition chamber, so as to expose a large exterior surface area of the fiber optic coil to an interior portion of the deposition chamber. The method... | 08/31/2004 |
| 6773495 | Solutions of metal-comprising materials In one aspect, the invention encompasses a semiconductor processing method of forming a metal-comprising layer over a substrate. A substrate is provided within a reaction chamber, and a source of a metal-comprising precursor is provided external to the reaction cham... | 08/10/2004 |
| 6767587 | Hydrophobic coating compositions, articles coated with said compositions, and processes for manufacturing same Hydrophobic coating compositions are provided as are processes to coat articles with the compositions. Extremely hydrophobic coatings are provided by the compositions. Durable, weatherable and scratch-resistant coatings are provided by compositions comprising a trif... | 07/27/2004 |
| 6709512 | Method of growing a polycrystalline silicon layer, method of growing a single crystal silicon layer and catalytic CVD apparatus When a polycrystalline or single crystal silicon layer is grown by catalytic CVD, a catalyst having a nitride covering at least its surface is used. In case that tungsten is used as the catalyst, tungsten nitride is formed as the nitride. The nitride is made by heat... | 03/23/2004 |
| 6699604 | Protective coating including porous silicon nitride matrix and noble metal A turbomachine component includes a silicon nitride substrate and a protective coating on the substrate. The protective coating includes a porous silicon nitride matrix and a noble metal infiltrated in the porous silicon nitride matrix.... | 03/02/2004 |
| 6669988 | Hardware assembly for CVI/CVD processes A hardware assembly is provided for controlling a first portion of gas and a second portion of gas in a furnace. The first portion of the gas is introduced to a center opening region of a stack of porous structures. The second portion of the gas is introd... | 12/30/2003 |
| 6630202 | CVD treatment of hard friction coated steam line plug grips Method of treating a surface of a steam line plug grip wherein the surface is subjected to chemical vapor deposition (CVD) treatment to introduce a hard oxide material into pores and cracks in the surface.... | 10/07/2003 |
| 6610227 | Method of manufacturing fiber reinforced composite member A manufacturing method of a fiber reinforced composite member includes the steps of: forming a fabric 1 on the surface of a mandrel 10, infiltrating the formed fabric with matrix, and leaving portions 12a, 12b of the mandrel as integral with the fabric an... | 08/26/2003 |
| 6528108 | Method and apparatus for observing porous amorphous film, and method and apparatus for forming the same A reactant gas is introduced into a process chamber under a temperature which is lower than reactive temperature of the reactant gas so that voids in a porous amorphous insulation film on a sample is filled with the introduced reactant gas. And chemical v... | 03/04/2003 |
| 6517763 | Three dimensionally periodic structural assemblies in nanometer and longer scales This invention relates to processes for the assembly of three-dimensional structures having periodicities on the scale of optical wavelengths, and at both smaller and larger dimensions, as well as compositions and applications therefore. Invention embodim... | 02/11/2003 |
| 6485791 | Method for improving the performance of oxidizable ceramic materials in oxidizing environments Improved adhesion of thermal barrier coatings to nonmetallic substrates using a dense layer of ceramic on an underlying nonmetallic substrate that includes at least one oxidizable component. The improved adhesion occurs because the application of the dens... | 11/26/2002 |
| 6410086 | Method for forming high performance surface coatings and compositions of same A method of forming on an object a surface coating having a high mechanical strength and chemical and physical stability above 700° C. is disclosed. The method comprises (a) electrophoretically depositing at least one surface coating material on a surfac... | 06/25/2002 |
| 6403155 | High purity, siliconized silicon carbide having high thermal shock resistance This invention is a high strength, thermal shock resistant, high purity siliconized silicon carbide material made from siliconizing a converted graphite SiC body having at least 71 vol % silicon carbide therein.... | 06/11/2002 |
| 6395343 | Durable thermal barrier coating A thermal barrier coating for superalloy turbine engine vanes and blades that are exposed to high temperature gas is disclosed. The coating includes an aluminide or MCrAIY layer, an alumina layer, and a ceramic top layer. The ceramic layer has a columnar ... | 05/28/2002 |
| 6346304 | Densification of a porous structure (II) At least one layer of fibers of a material susceptible to heating by electromagnetic radiation is incorporated in a porous structure. The structure is subjected to the radiation to heat up the body which is contacted with hydrocarbon gas to cause the gas ... | 02/12/2002 |
| 6342269 | Method for manufacturing ceramic-based composite material A matrix formation process 10 is configured with CVI process 12 and PIP process 14, 15, 16 in which a co-polymer containing at least polycarboxysilane (PCS) and polymethylsilane (PMS) is applied. Crosslinking of each polymer is performed at an intermediat... | 01/29/2002 |
| 6319832 | Methods of making semiconductor devices In one aspect, the invention encompasses a semiconductor processing method of forming a metal-comprising layer over a substrate. A substrate is provided within a reaction chamber, and a source of a metal-comprising precursor is provided external to the re... | 11/20/2001 |
| 6296678 | Long duration infrared-emitting material This invention pertains to an article that emits infrared radiation for a period of about 15 minutes or more, depending on the size and shape, and to a process for preparing the article. The article includes, in a preferred embodiment, a combustible aerog... | 10/02/2001 |
| 6261469 | Three dimensionally periodic structural assemblies on nanometer and longer scales This invention relates to processes for the assembly of three-dimensional structures having periodicities on the scale of optical wavelengths, and at both smaller and larger dimensions, as well as compositions and applications therefore. Invention embodim... | 07/17/2001 |
| 6248392 | Method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced bioactive ceramic implant The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced bioactive ceramic implant, wherein a base form is made from fibrous material and interspaces between the different fibers are filled using chemical vapor phase infiltration. The fibrou... | 06/19/2001 |
| 6197374 | Method for chemical vapor infiltration of refractory substances, especially carbon and silicon carbide A method for isothermic, isobaric chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) of refractory substances, especially of carbon (C) and silicon carbide (SiC), based on diffusion in a porous structure, whereby the pressure of the gas or partial pressure of an educt gas... | 03/06/2001 |
| 6180223 | Densification of a porous structure A method for the densification of a porous structure comprises providing the structure with a body of material (13, 14) which includes a susceptor element foil (14) which is more susceptible to heating by electromagnetic radiation than the other material ... | 01/30/2001 |
| 6177146 | Densification of a porous structure (III) A method for the densification of an annular body having a porous structure and comprising layers of fabric, which includes locating a susceptor element within the porous body, the amount of the susceptor element occupying less than 5% of the volume of th... | 01/23/2001 |
| 6068930 | High-temperature composite materials with carbon or carbon-coated fibre reinforcements and enhanced oxidation resistance The matrix of the composite material is made in sequenced manner by chemical vapor infiltration within fiber reinforcement. Each elementary sequence of the matrix comprises a relatively flexible layer and a relatively rigid ceramic layer, and the sequence... | 05/30/2000 |
| 6017144 | Method and apparatus for depositing highly oriented and reflective crystalline layers using a low temperature seeding layer The present invention is to a chemical vapor deposition process for depositing a substantially planar, highly reflective layer on a substrate, and is particularly useful for filling high aspect ratio holes in the substrate with metal-containing material. ... | 01/25/2000 |
| 6017592 | Process for the manufacture of a tribo-system A tribo-system comprises a first structural component part and a second structural component part which are in dry frictional contact with one another, each through a surface layer. For this purpose, the surface layer of the first structural component par... | 01/25/2000 |
