Did You Know...
...that when IBM conducted a market study of Chester Carlson's invention in 1959, the company concluded that it would take only 5000 units of his new product to saturate the market? IBM therefore declined to be part of the new product introduction. Too bad for IBM. Carlson's invention was the xerography process, and his new product was the beginning of the Xerox Corporation. It is estimated that every day, worldwide, 3,000,000,000 copies are made!!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7919065 | Apparatus and methods for the production of ammonia and Fischer-Tropsch liquids A gasification plant and methods for producing ammonia, Fischer-Tropsch fuels, electrical power, and/or sulfur from carbon-bearing feedstocks including coal and/or petroleum coke. Methods for production of desired relative amounts of ammonia and Fischer-Tropsch liqu... | 04/05/2011 |
| 7897130 | Process for synthesis gas production A process for obtaining a synthesis gas (GS) at a predetermined high pressure corresponding to the ammonia synthesis pressure, in which there are hydrogen and nitrogen in a 3/1 molar ratio, comprising the steps of feeding a continuous flow of natural gas to a primar... | 03/01/2011 |
| 7547428 | Method for producing ammonia from methanol Ammonia is catalytically produced from a nitrogen-hydrogen mixture. First of all, a vaporous feed mixture, which comprises 30 to 60 vol-% methanol and 40 to 70 vol-% steam and has a volume ratio steam:methanol of 1 to 3, is passed through at least one bed of a break... | 06/16/2009 |
| 7514058 | Apparatus for on-site production of nitrate ions An apparatus and method produces nitrate ions on-site from water, natural gas and air extracted in proximity to the apparatus. The apparatus generates nitrate ions and brings the nitrate ions into contact with an aqueous system. Hydrogen sulfide present in the aqueo... | 04/07/2009 |
| 7470415 | Method for producing ammonia on the basis of a nitrogen-hydrogen mixture from natural gas A method for producing ammonia from natural gas, fed to an autothermic reformer with an O2 rich gas. Crude synthesis gas is produced at temperatures of 900 to 1200° C., pressures of 40 to 100 bar and in the presence of a cracking catalyst. The crude synt... | 12/30/2008 |
| 7431865 | Production of ammonia synthesis gas Ammonia synthesis gas production having a shift reaction stage employing a copper-based catalyst wherein the air supplied to the process is passed through an absorber that removes sulfur and/or halide contaminants, is described. The absorber has a support carrying a... | 10/07/2008 |
| 7371313 | On-site generation, purification, and distribution of ultra-pure anhydrous ammonia A system and method for generating, purifying, and using ultra-pure ammonia on-site, such as at a semiconductor manufacturing facility. The system includes an ammonia generation system configured to generate ammonia including carbon dioxide, water, and other impurit... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7371361 | Maximum reaction rate converter system for exothermic reactions An ammonia converter system and method are disclosed. The reactor can alter the conversion of ammonia by controlling the reaction temperature of the exothermic reaction along the length of the reactor to parallel the equilibrium curve for the desired product. The re... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7335320 | Method for the production of hydrogen-containing gaseous mixtures A method for the production of a hydrogen-containing gas composition, such as a synthesis gas including hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide (H2:CO) in the synthesis gas can be well-controlled to yield a ratio that ... | 02/26/2008 |
| 7304011 | Compositions and processes for reducing NOemissions during fluid catalytic cracking Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeoli... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7300642 | Process for the production of ammonia and Fischer-Tropsch liquids A gasification plant for producing ammonia, Fischer-Tropsch fuels, and electrical power from carbon-bearing feedstocks. ... | 11/27/2007 |
| 7297324 | Microchannel reactors with temperature control Microchannel devices and method of use are disclosed wherein a reaction microchamber 52 is in thermal contact with a heat exchange channel 61. An equilibrium limited exothermic chemical process occurs in the reaction microchamber 52. Sufficient ... | 11/20/2007 |
| 7294225 | Process for production of synthesis gas in combination with the maintenance of the energy balance for a pulp mill A process (44) for the production of pulp and paper (28), recycling of cooking chemicals (3, 29), combustion of biomass (30, 37) and generation of heat and electric energy (27, 40) comprising a pulp and paper mill (28), in t... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7285249 | Apparatus for the provision of a block flange of a manhole aperture or the like, in particular for fluidized bed reactors An apparatus for the provision of a block flange of a manhole aperture or the like, in particular for fluidized bed reactors for the oxychlorination of ethylene, oxygen and HCl, having a wall flange fixed in the reactor wall, is intended to provide a solution whereb... | 10/23/2007 |
| 7279138 | Horizontal chemical reactor, in particular for methanol synthesis A horizontal chemical reactor comprises at least one catalytic bed (5a-5d) arranged horizontally in the reactor and comprising a lower gas-permeable wall (6) for gas outlet, and a holding element (2) of the at least one cata... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7250150 | Chemical reactor with pressure swing adsorption A chemical reaction is performed with separation of the product(s) and reactant(s) by pressure swing adsorption (PSA), using an apparatus having a plurality of adsorbers cooperating with first and second valve assemblies in a PSA module. The PSA cycle is characteriz... | 07/31/2007 |
| 7226548 | Syngas catalysts and their method of use The present invention relates to improved catalyst compositions, as well as methods of making and using such compositions. Preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise catalyst compositions having high melting point metallic alloys, and methods of prepari... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7226529 | Electrolyzer system to produce gas at high pressure An apparatus and method to produce hydrogen gas a high pressure is disclosed. An electrolyzer is located inside a pressure vessel that is pressurized with high pressure water. The high pressure water is provided to both the anode and cathode sides of the electrolyze... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7226490 | Fuel processor for producing a hydrogen rich gas An apparatus for converting hydrocarbon fuel to a hydrogen rich gas including a first heat exchanger for heating the hydrocarbon fuel, a first desulfurization reactor for reacting a heated hydrocarbon fuel to produce a substantially desulfurized hydrocarbon fuel, a ... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7214331 | Catalyst configuration and methods for syngas production An improved process for the catalytic partial oxidation of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide is disclosed. The process also utilizes a novel catalyst configuration containing at least two serially aligned layers containing a noble metal or transit... | 05/08/2007 |
| 7214721 | Pre-converter for methanol synthesis A reactor system, plant and a process for the production of methanol from synthesis gas is described in which the reactor system comprises: (a) a first reactor adapted to be maintained under methanol synthesis conditions having inlet means for supply of... | 05/08/2007 |
| 7192458 | Process, control system and apparatus for the distribution of air in a fuel cell/fuel processor system A process, control system and apparatus for controlling the air side flows to the major components of a fuel processor apparatus are provided. The control system employs a multi-capacity blower provides process air to a partial oxidation reactor and a preferential o... | 03/20/2007 |
| 7183326 | Installation and method for producing and disaggregating synthesis gases from natural gas What is described is a method and an installation for the simultaneous production of methanol synthesis gas, ammonia synthesis gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from natural gas, in which several plant elements (or plant units) are serially arranged one by one... | 02/27/2007 |
| 7161051 | Integration of a methanol synthesis system with a methanol to olefin reaction system Disclosed is a process for producing light olefins in an integrated methanol synthesis/MTO reaction system. The integrated system implements a shared separation system for separating oxygenate components from the respective methanol synthesis system and MTO reaction... | 01/09/2007 |
| 7151198 | Integration of a methanol synthesis system with a methanol to olefin reaction system Disclosed is a process for producing light olefins in an integrated methanol synthesis/MTO reaction system. The integrated system implements a shared separation system for separating oxygenate components from the respective methanol synthesis system and MTO reaction... | 12/19/2006 |
| 7122170 | Catalysts for SPOC™ enhanced synthesis gas production A process and system for producing synthesis gas by a SPOC® enhanced catalytic partial oxidation process is disclosed. Light hydrocarbons in a H2S-containing feed gas are partially oxidized to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide over a catalyst that sim... | 10/17/2006 |
| 7118723 | Method for producing nitric acid A process for producing nitric acid of a concentration in the range of 68 to 76% by weight, using the mono-pressure or the dual-pressure process in which the ammonia feedstock is combusted with the aid of compressed process air. The water vapour content of the proce... | 10/10/2006 |
| 7115239 | Catalysts for ammonia synthesis Catalysts for ammonia synthesis based on ruthenium, directly supported over graphite having BET specific surface area in excess of 10 m2/g, preferably in excess of 100 m2/g and more preferably in excess of 280 m2/g, the graphite bein... | 10/03/2006 |
| 7096931 | Increased heat exchange in two or three phase slurry Ribbed heat exchange tubes in which the aspect ratio of the ribs is less than 5, provide greater indirect heat exchange than conventional heat exchange tubes with or without fins, when used in a slurry comprising a liquid phase, in which is dispersed flowing gas bub... | 08/29/2006 |
| 7094384 | Combined methane decomposition and ammonia formation cell An ammonia synthesis process and apparatus are provided which are energy efficient and minimize greenhouse-gas-emission during the processing of natural gas and air. In the process a stream of natural gas is divided into two streams, one of which is mixed with air a... | 08/22/2006 |
| 7090816 | Low-delta P purifier for nitrogen, methane, and argon removal from syngas A process for manufacturing ammonia from syngas with excess air for reforming and nitrogen removal with low pressure losses is disclosed. Auto-refrigeration for cooling the syngas for cryogenic hydrogen enrichment is provided by expansion of a hydrogen-lean waste fl... | 08/15/2006 |
| 7081230 | Split-flow, vertical ammonia converter A vertical, fixed-bed ammonia converter wherein a fixed-bed catalyst zone is configured into two mechanically separated catalyst volumes and two gas streams that operate in parallel. The design maintains the ratio of gas flow to catalyst volume so that there is no c... | 07/25/2006 |
| 7078130 | Metallic mesoporous transition metal oxide molecular sieves, room temperature activation of dinitrogen and ammonia production This invention provides novel stable metallic mesoporous transition metal oxide molecular sieves and methods for their production. The sieves have high electrical conductivity and may be used as solid electrolyte devices, e.g., in fuel cells, as sorbents, e.g. for h... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7070758 | Process and apparatus for generating hydrogen from oil shale A process and apparatus for generating hydrogen from oil shale. Crushed oil shale may be placed in a chamber and combusted with carbon monoxide, oxygen and steam to form a gas stream of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The hydrogen and carbon monoxide stream may be pas... | 07/04/2006 |
| 7070750 | Multiple-pressure process for the production of ammonia The invention relates to a process for the production of ammonia from synthesis gas, the synthesis of ammonia from synthesis gas taking place in several lined-up synthesis systems, whereby ammonia is produced from a portion of the synthesis gas in each system with a... | 07/04/2006 |
| 7041272 | Systems and processes for providing hydrogen to fuel cells A process and system for providing a hydrogen-containing gas stream to a fuel cell anode that includes providing a hydrogen-containing gas stream that includes carbon monoxide, introducing the hydrogen-containing gas stream into a pressure swing adsorption module th... | 05/09/2006 |
| 7037484 | Plasma reactor for cracking ammonia and hydrogen-rich gases to hydrogen Processes and systems for generating hydrogen gas from resonant cavities are disclosed. A preferred version includes separating a resonant cavity into two compartments with a dielectric type diaphragm, injecting gases such as ammonia into one compartment and generat... | 05/02/2006 |
| 7037948 | Method for increasing the production in an existing processing plant and a processing plant A method of increasing the production in an existing process plant for converting natural gas into a product, where the natural gas is first converted to a synthesis gas in a synthesis gas section, the synthesis gas is brought to reaction in a reactor for synthesis ... | 05/02/2006 |
| 7033570 | Solar-thermal fluid-wall reaction processing The present invention provides a method for carrying out high temperature thermal dissociation reactions requiring rapid-heating and short residence times using solar energy. In particular, the present invention provides a method for carrying out high temperature th... | 04/25/2006 |
| 6997013 | Cooling system for an on-board inert gas generating system The inert gas generating system includes a compressed air source, a cooling air source, and a separation module. The separation module includes first and second inlets and outlets. The first inlet is coupled to the compressed air source. The first outlet is coupled ... | 02/14/2006 |
