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...that Kleenex tissue was originally designed to be a gas mask filter? It was developed at the beginning of World War I to replace cotton, which was then in short supply as a surgical dressing.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8019043 | High-resolution X-ray optic and method for constructing an X-ray optic Described are optical apparatuses and methods for forming optical apparatuses. The optical apparatus includes a plurality of individually fabricated segments and a holder. Each of the plurality of individually fabricated segments include an inner annular surface and... | 09/13/2011 |
| 7813476 | X-ray beam processor An x-ray beam processor and system that includes an x-ray beam generator for generating x-ray beams; a mirror shield for shielding the x-ray beams from select areas; a cylindrical waveguide for guiding x-ray beams traveling through the waveguide, which includes a pl... | 10/12/2010 |
| 7738630 | Highly aligned x-ray optic and source assembly for precision x-ray analysis applications An x-ray analysis apparatus for illuminating a sample spot with an x-ray beam. An x-ray tube is provided having a source spot from which a diverging x-ray beam is produced, the source spot requiring alignment along a transmission axis passing through the sample spot... | 06/15/2010 |
| 7684543 | X-ray beam conditioning device and X-ray analysis apparatus An X-ray beam conditioning device that has a crystal holder and a motor is provided. The crystal holder supports a first crystal block and a second crystal block, each of which diffracts X-ray by a specific diffraction angle. The motor can rotate the crystal holder ... | 03/23/2010 |
| 7555098 | Method and apparatus for X-ray fluorescence analysis and detection A detector apparatus is disclosed that includes a housing and a multilayer disposed within the housing. The multilayer defining a leading edge and a trailing edge and is adapted to interact with a plurality of high-energy photons, impingent from the leading edge, to... | 06/30/2009 |
| 7548607 | Refractive x-ray element For reducing absorption in a refractive element, the present invention relates to a refractive element (10, 20), suitable for refracting x-rays, comprising a body with low-Z material having a first end adapted to receive rays emitted from a ray source and a s... | 06/16/2009 |
| 7508912 | Sagittal focusing Laue monochromator An x-ray focusing device generally includes a slide pivotable about a pivot point defined at a forward end thereof, a rail unit fixed with respect to the pivotable slide, a forward crystal for focusing x-rays disposed at the forward end of the pivotable slide and a ... | 03/24/2009 |
| 7440546 | Method of making and structure of multilayer laue lens for focusing hard x-rays A zone plate multilayer structure includes a substrate carrying a plurality of alternating layers respectively formed of tungsten silicide (WSi2) and silicon (Si). The alternating layers are sequentially deposited precisely controlling a thickness of each... | 10/21/2008 |
| 7412030 | Apparatus employing conically parallel beam of X-rays An apparatus directing x-rays along a predetermined axis includes an x-ray optic having one or more nested x-ray reflector rings positioned relative to a source generating broad spectrum x-rays so that generated x-rays moving away from the predetermined axis are col... | 08/12/2008 |
| 7403593 | Hybrid x-ray mirrors An x-ray mirror provides focusing and monochromatization while maintaining a high degree of reflectivity. The mirror has at least two mirror portions, one with a multilayer surface that provides the desired monochromating, and the other with a total external reflect... | 07/22/2008 |
| 7400699 | Illumination system with raster elements of different sizes There is provided an illumination system for lithography with wavelengths of ≦193 mn. The system comprises a first optical element, which is divided into first raster elements and lies in a first plane. The first plane defines an x-direction and a y-direction, the... | 07/15/2008 |
| 7333188 | Method and apparatus for real-time measurement of trace metal concentration in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) slurry A system (and method) for real-time measurement of trace metal concentration in a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) slurry, includes an electromagnetic radiation flow cell carrying a CMP slurry, a slurry pickup head coupled to the flow cell, and an analyzer for me... | 02/19/2008 |
| 7331714 | Optomechanical structure for a multifunctional hard x-ray nanoprobe instrument A multifunctional hard x-ray nanoprobe instrument for characterization of nanoscale materials and devices includes a scanning probe mode with a full field transmission mode. The scanning probe mode provides fluorescence spectroscopy and diffraction contrast imaging.... | 02/19/2008 |
| 7330530 | Diffraction enhanced imaging method using a line x-ray source A method for detecting an enhanced image of an object by independently analyzing, detecting, digitizing, and combining images acquired on a high and a low angle side of a rocking curve of a crystal analyzer. An x-ray beam generated by a line x-ray source is collimat... | 02/12/2008 |
| 7312462 | Illumination system having a nested collector for annular illumination of an exit pupil There is provided an illumination system. The illumination system includes a source for light having a wavelength ≦193 nm, a field plane, and a collector having a mirror shell for receiving a part of the light. The mirror shell is arranged so that a real image of ... | 12/25/2007 |
| 7305066 | X-ray generating equipment An X-ray generating apparatus for generating X-rays by irradiating a target with an electron beam. Wherein the apparatus includes a vibration applying means for vibrating the target in directions parallel to a surface thereof. A colliding spot of the electron beam i... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7302044 | X-ray generator tube comprising an orientable target carrier system The field of the invention is that of X-ray generator tubes. The invention relates more specifically to the arrangement of the emitting surfaces which are the source of the X-ray radiation. It is known that the inclination of the emitting surface known as the target... | 11/27/2007 |
| 7286628 | Phase-contrast enhanced computed tomography A phase-contrast x-ray computed tomography scanner, a monochromatic diffraction computed tomography scanner, a rotatable monochromatic diffraction computed tomography scanner, and a combination phase-contrast and monochromatic computed tomography scanner are provide... | 10/23/2007 |
| 7280634 | Beam conditioning system with sequential optic An x-ray beam conditioning system with a first diffractive element and a second diffractive element. The two diffractive elements are arranged in a sequential configuration, and one of the diffractive elements is a crystal. The other diffractive element may be a mul... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7263163 | X-ray lens In an x-ray lens for focusing x-rays over a large energy range wherein the lens comprises a large number of lens elements, the lens elements have a quasi-parabolic profile Y(x) according to the equation Y(x)=x2/2[(r+f... | 08/28/2007 |
| 7248670 | Optical unit and associated method The invention relates to an optical assembly with a laterally graded reflective multilayer whose reflecting surface reflects incident X-rays under low incidence angles to produce a two-dimensional optical effect. The reflecting surface comprises a single surface con... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7248667 | Illumination system with a grating element An illumination system, particularly for wavelengths ≦100 nm, with an object plane and a field plane, comprises a grating element and a physical diaphragm in a diaphragm plane, which is arranged downstream to the grating element in the beam path from the object pl... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7245699 | X-ray optical system with adjustable convergence An x-ray optical device includes an optic and an adjustable aperture that selectively occludes a portion of an x-ray beam. The adjustable aperture may be positioned between the optic and a sample and may be integrated with the optic or located in close proximity to ... | 07/17/2007 |
| 7244954 | Collector having unused region for illumination systems using a wavelength ≦193 nm There is provided a collector for illumination systems for light having a wavelength ≦193 nm comprising. The collector includes (a) a first mirror shell adjacent to, and positioned inside of, a second mirror shell around a common axis of rotation, in which the fir... | 07/17/2007 |
| 7242746 | Method for manufacturing a reflector for X-ray radiation A method for manufacturing a reflector (5) for X-ray radiation (2, 3, 10, 11) which is curved in a non-circular arc shape, along a first cross-section (13) in a plane (XZ) which contains a x-direction, wherein the reflector (5) is also cu... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7239443 | Condenser optic with sacrificial reflective surface Employing collector optics that has a sacrificial reflective surface can significantly prolong the useful life of the collector optics and the overall performance of the condenser in which the collector optics are incorporated. The collector optics is normally subje... | 07/03/2007 |
| 7236566 | In-situ X-ray diffraction system using sources and detectors at fixed angular positions An x-ray diffraction technique for measuring a known characteristic of a sample of a material in an in-situ state. The technique includes using an x-ray source for emitting substantially divergent x-ray radiation—with a collimating optic disposed with respect to t... | 06/26/2007 |
| 7190761 | X-ray image radiographing method and radiographing apparatus A X-ray image radiographing method of detecting a X-ray image passing an object irradiated with X-ray emitted from a X-ray tube by a X-ray detector, includes a step of increasing a sharpness of an image lowered due to penumbra by enhancing an edge of the image with ... | 03/13/2007 |
| 7187753 | Monochromator for an X-ray radiator allowing modification of the X-ray spectral composition A monochromator to be used in an X-ray device having an X-ray source is formed by a crystal for spectral restriction of X-rays produced by the X-ray source. The monochromator includes a positioning device that can move the crystal so that it changes the spectral com... | 03/06/2007 |
| 7162009 | X-ray multi-layer mirror and x-ray exposure apparatus An X-ray multi-layer mirror having a reflection characteristic with a wider incident angle range is realized by conducting optimization processing on an Mo/Si alternate layer having a constant thickness. Film thickness distributions of Si layers and Mo layers in the... | 01/09/2007 |
| 7149279 | Detecting unit for X-ray diffraction measurements Detecting unit comprises position-sensitive detector 1 and collimating system 2, situated in front of its window 19. Collimating system being made in the form of honeycomb structure comprising multitude of tubular channels for transmittance of d... | 12/12/2006 |
| 7135692 | Lithographic apparatus, illumination system and method for providing a projection beam of EUV radiation A lithographic apparatus is disclosed. The lithographic apparatus includes an illumination system that provides a beam of radiation, and a support structure that supports a patterning structure. The patterning structure is configured to impart the beam of radiation ... | 11/14/2006 |
| 7130375 | High resolution direct-projection type x-ray microtomography system using synchrotron or laboratory-based x-ray source A projection-based x-ray imaging system combines projection magnification and optical magnification in order to ease constraints on source spot size, while improving imaging system footprint and efficiency. The system enables tomographic imaging of the sample especi... | 10/31/2006 |
| 7130370 | Method and apparatus for producing an image of the internal structure of an object Inventions related to the intra-vision means, designed for production of visually sensed images of the internal structure of an object, in particular, of a biological object, are aimed at higher accuracy of determining the relative density indices of the object's su... | 10/31/2006 |
| 7119953 | Phase contrast microscope for short wavelength radiation and imaging method A phase contrast x-ray microscope has a phase plate that is placed in proximity of and attached rigidly to the objective to form a composite optic. This enables easier initial and long-term maintenance of alignment of the microscope. In one example, they are fabrica... | 10/10/2006 |
| 7116405 | Maskless, microlens EUV lithography system with grazing-incidence illumination optics An EUV lithography system achieves high-resolution printing without the use of photomasks, projection optics, multilayer mirrors, or an extremely high-power EUV source. The system comprises a xenon laser-produced-plasma (LPP) illumination source (requiring 93 W hemi... | 10/03/2006 |
| 7113567 | Apparatus and method for the analysis of atomic and molecular elements by wavelength dispersive x-ray spectrometric devices In an apparatus and a method for the analysis of atomic or molecular elements contained in a sample by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry, wherein primary x ray or electron radiation is directed onto the sample whereby fluorescence radiation is emitted from th... | 09/26/2006 |
| 7110503 | X-ray measuring and testing system The complex is intended for carrying out research in the X-ray range at several analytical devices 5 simultaneously. The complex comprises a source 1 of divergent X-rays, for example an X-ray tube and x-ray lenses 2 for radiation transporting to... | 09/19/2006 |
| 7099437 | Double crystal analyzer linkage A double crystal analyzer linkage includes the fixed pivot point, a fixed pivot point shaft, and three sliding axis points constrained to allow only sliding motion along given linear, parallel paths. The three paths are arranged such that one path passes through the... | 08/29/2006 |
| 7092488 | EUV, XUV, and X-ray wavelength sources created from laser plasma produced from liquid metal solutions Metallic solutions at room temperature used a laser point source target droplets. Using the target metallic solutions results in damage free use to surrounding optical components since no debris are formed. The metallic solutions can produce plasma emissions in the ... | 08/15/2006 |
