Famous Patents
3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7561404 | Biased-MOSFET active bridge A transistor active bridge circuit (100) provides operation and protection for devices from the effects of battery polarity reversal. The circuit includes first and second field-effect transistors (102, 104) of a first channel type, and third and fourt... | 07/14/2009 |
| 7411768 | Low-loss rectifier with shoot-through current protection A transistor active bridge circuit (400) rectifies domestic AC mains (for example, 120V, 60 Hz) and/or foreign AC mains (for example, 230V, 50 Hz) with low power loss. The circuit includes first and second field effect transistors (102, 104) of a first... | 08/12/2008 |
| 7312653 | NMOS reverse battery protection A reverse polarity protected system comprises a voltage source that includes positive and negative terminals. A polarity-sensitive device has a first terminal that communicates with the positive terminal of the voltage source, and that includes a second terminal. A ... | 12/25/2007 |
| 7279757 | Double-sided extended drain field effect transistor A double-sided extended drain field effect transistor that includes a gate terminal overlying a channel region in a substrate. The substrate includes a drain region of a first carrier type that is laterally separated from the channel region by a first RESURF region ... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7130179 | Switching device provided with polarity-inverting means The invention relates to a switching device comprising programmable compensation means which are associated with the input/output connections for inverting the polarity of the input/output connections when said connections present a polarity inversion which is inher... | 10/31/2006 |
| 7110239 | Polarity correction circuit and system incorporating the same A polarity correction circuit including a polarity controller and an inversion circuit. The polarity controller is configured to detect an incorrect polarity in a polarity sensitive signal and provide inversion signal in response to the incorrect polarity. The inver... | 09/19/2006 |
| 7106567 | Hard disk drive (HDD) electrical over voltage stress (EOS) systems and methods The present invention relates to a hard disk drive system having overvoltage protection circuits for various types of overvoltage conditions. For example, the system includes one or more hard disk drive integrated circuit chips residing on a board and a hard disk dr... | 09/12/2006 |
| 6542349 | Portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer To provide a DC source drive type portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer having a simple source supply operation. A power supply input section of a DC power supply driven portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer, comprising polarity discrimination means 3 for d... | 04/01/2003 |
| 6462929 | Battery polarity insensitive integrated circuit amplifier A compact polarity-insensitive integrated circuit amplifier is described designed to be powered by a miniature low voltage battery of variable polarity. Low current, polarity corrected voltage sources are integrated into functional blocks to supply low cu... | 10/08/2002 |
| 6417581 | Circuit for automatically inverting electrical lines connected to a device upon detection of a miswired condition to allow for operation of device even if miswired Circuitry is provided in a device to automatically change the relative position of the electrical lines which enter the device upon detection of a miswired condition. More specifically, the circuitry allows the device to function normally even if an insta... | 07/09/2002 |
| 6008733 | Air conditioning system master/slave control unit determination A plurality of air conditioning system control units are connected to each other through a communication line (20). Discharge resistors (R1, R2) are provided for discharging residual charges of the communication line (20). The control unit has a power sup... | 12/28/1999 |
| 5621387 | Box A box for covering components or the like and for preventing unwanted access thereto. The box comprises a mounting panel having a pair of opposed sides, a top portion, a bottom portion and a back portion. The back portion is adapted to receive a fastener ... | 04/15/1997 |
| 5539610 | Floating drive technique for reverse battery protection A MOSFET is used to protect a battery driven load against the effects of a reverse-connected battery. This invention is particularly suitable for use with loads, such as those commonly found in motor vehicles, which contain semiconductor devices that may ... | 07/23/1996 |
| 5438621 | DC-free line code and bit and frame synchronization for arbitrary data transmission A method of encoding data for transmission over a communication link. A cumulative polarity of previously-transmitted frames is maintained. A frame is prepared for transmission by combining a data word with a plurality of additional bits. The additional b... | 08/01/1995 |
| 5260606 | High efficiency squarewave voltage driver Presented is a device and method for providing a means of driving capacitive cells, such as those comprising suspended particle light valve windows, with a squarewave voltage signal at a select frequency with high efficiency and low power requirements. Th... | 11/09/1993 |
| 5257160 | Serial signal transmission device and control method for determining polarity A serial signal transmission device and a control method for determining polarity which can be used in various systems, for example, air conditioners, and a remote controller. The serial signal transmission device which carries out signal transmission bet... | 10/26/1993 |
| 5182466 | Connection polarity switching apparatus An apparatus which is inserted in a signal transmission path between a network communications cable and a sending and receiving circuit. The apparatus enables switching of the connection polarity of the communications cable. This apparatus has an idle sta... | 01/26/1993 |
| 4860311 | Method and apparatus for automatically converting input pulse train signals to output signals of desired polarity A method and apparatus for sensing the polarity of an input pulse train signal and for automatically changing its polarity as required by the circuit to which it will be applied, is disclosed. The polarity of the input pulse train signal is determined by ... | 08/22/1989 |
| 4857985 | MOS IC reverse battery protection A field effect transistor has its drain and source regions connected between one of the two supply pads of an operative integrated circuit, the gate of the field effect transistor being connected to the other pad such that the gate is negatively biased du... | 08/15/1989 |
| 4792702 | Switch for iontophoresing cation and anion Disclosed is a novel switch for iontophoresing cation and anion, comprising an on/off switch for power circuit; a selector switch for reversing the output current from an iontophoretic low-frequency oscillator; and a rotary member actuating said on/off- a... | 12/20/1988 |
| 4647834 | Battery charger This invention relates to a battery charger which includes a timer which becomes energized upon a battery approaching a fully charged condition and the timer then commences a preset timed equalization or finishing charge which brings each cell of the batt... | 03/03/1987 |
| 4420786 | Polarity guard circuit Four bipolar transistors are arranged in a bridge configuration and are interconnected with two additional bipolar transistors to provide an efficient polarity guard circuit. The circuit has two output terminals, one of which has a positive polarity regar... | 12/13/1983 |
| 4379989 | System for preventing damage to a battery charger due to application of a battery with wrong polarity The electrical system of a motor vehicle is protected against damage due to voltage sources, either the own battery or an external source, connected with wrong polarity by the combination of a diode and relay switches. In one embodiment, the diode is conn... | 04/12/1983 |
| 4374306 | Zero-loss automatic polarization protection device A device for automatically protecting telecommunication apparatus against input signals of improper polarity. The device does not use any energy or voltage after polarity match is established, so that use of the device does not degrade the incoming signal... | 02/15/1983 |
| 4361795 | Battery charger polarity circuit control A normally open polarity sensing circuit is interposed between the charging current output of a battery charger and battery terminal clamps connected with a rechargeable storage battery. Normally open reed switches, closed by battery positive terminal pot... | 11/30/1982 |
| 4327309 | Fluorescent lamp power supply with low voltage lamp polarity reversal A solid-state ballast circuit for starting and regulating a gaseous discharge lamp which is operated on direct current is arranged so as to permit the use of low voltage switching relays to effect polarity reversal of the lamp under load. A high voltage p... | 04/27/1982 |
| 4224529 | Automatic polarity changing device A device for automatically changing the polarity of a direct current supply source for use in a cataphoresis apparatus comprises a switch for changing the polarity of migration current, a device for generating a functional signal in response to a detectio... | 09/23/1980 |
| 4204243 | Polarity indicating and reversing unit A polarity indicating and reversing unit for connecting a power supply line to a load line, the unit having a polarity indicating lamp for indicating a reverse polarity condition at the load and and a polarity reversing switch for reversing the polarity o... | 05/20/1980 |
| 4185561 | Automatic switching system An automatic switching system particularly adapted for railroad hobbyists whereby the complicated polarity switching usually required is eliminated. Apparatus is associated with each insulation point in a track section (block) to sense the direction of tr... | 01/29/1980 |
| 4176248 | System for identifying and correcting the polarity of a data signal A very low power asymmetrical polarity marking signal which may be the sum of a cosine wave and its coherent second harmonic is added to a symmetrical message signal before transmission. At the receive the polarity information may be recovered from the av... | 11/27/1979 |
| 4139880 | CMOS polarity reversal circuit Two P-channel MOS devices and two N-channel MOS devices are interconnected in a manner to provide a polarity reversal circuit. The circuit contains two input terminals and two output terminals. One of the output terminals is designated as a positive termi... | 02/13/1979 |
| 4034168 | Device to detect and automatically control electrical potential polarities A device to detect and control electrical potential polarities between two or more adjacent insulated conductor sections is disclosed. An amplifying circuit monitors the relative state of the polarities of the adjacent conductor sections and actuates a re... | 07/05/1977 |
| 4027223 | Transceiver polarity protector A protective device for portable transceivers to assure that improper polarity is not applied to the power input. Two relays, oppositely polarized from each other by use of diodes, sense the applied power polarity and connect that power so that the power ... | 05/31/1977 |
| 3978392 | Energy transfer circuit An electrical load is energized from an energy source that may not have the capacity to carry the load directly. More specifically, a capacitor is charged at a low charge current for a relatively long period of time and when the load is to be energized, t... | 08/31/1976 |
