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3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8159736 | Tunable single sideband modulators based on electro-optic optical whispering gallery mode resonators and their applications Photonic devices and techniques based on tunable single sideband (SSB) modulation in whispering gallery mode resonators formed of electro-optic materials to effectuate coupling between whispering gallery modes of different polarizations. ... | 04/17/2012 |
| 8159737 | Controlling the phase of optical carriers A system and method for locking the relative phase of multiple coherent optical signals, which compensates for optical phase changes induced by vibration or thermal changes in the environment. ... | 04/17/2012 |
| 8139281 | Tunable optical filter apparatus and method A tunable optical filter apparatus and method are disclosed. The apparatus may include a filter driver, a filter device, a detector device and a controller device. The filter driver generates a filter driver signal, including a dither signal. The controller device m... | 03/20/2012 |
| 8094359 | Electro-optic whispering-gallery-mode resonator devices Devices and techniques for forming devices based on electro-optic whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators by using spatially modulated electrodes and electro-optic whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators that effectuate coupling between light in an optical whisper... | 01/10/2012 |
| 8054524 | Optical amplifier A high-speed optical amplifier is considered to be an important optical device because of an increasing demand of routing, which is accompanied by an increase in complexity of networks. It is difficult to satisfy a response performance by related-art techniques, and... | 11/08/2011 |
| 7920315 | Polarization-controller driving method for optical fiber transmission systems and apparatus in accordance with said method A method of piloting an optical polarization controller including a cascade of variable polarization transformers that can be driven individually to realize overall a polarization transformation between an input optical signal and an output optical signal with each ... | 04/05/2011 |
| 7916377 | Integrated control system for laser and Mach-Zehnder interferometer An integrated control system for a laser and Mach-Zehnder interferometer are disclosed and may include configuring a bias point for low-speed control of an optical modulator utilizing control circuitry integrated on the same CMOS die. The optical modulator may be di... | 03/29/2011 |
| 7847997 | Projection apparatus for scanningly projection A projection apparatus for scanningly projecting an image onto an image field by means of a radiation beam includes a modulator for modulating an intensity of the radiation beam such that the intensity of the radiation beam changes in a time interval during which a ... | 12/07/2010 |
| 7826121 | Use of an angle-selective retro-reflector to recapture off-state energy Provided is a method for using a display system. The method, in one embodiment, includes directing a light beam from a light source to an array of individually addressable pixels of a spatial light modulator. The method further includes modulating the light beam int... | 11/02/2010 |
| 7826122 | Optical modulation apparatus An optical modulation apparatus that performs optimum bias voltage control for optical modulation without using a pilot tone. A drive unit generates a drive signal by adding a bias voltage to an input data signal. A light modulation unit modulates input light output... | 11/02/2010 |
| 7796319 | Apparatus and methods relating to wavelength conditioning of illumination Lighting systems comprising a spectrum former upstream from a reflective pixelated spatial light modulator (reflective SLM), the SLM reflecting substantially all of the light in the spectrum into at least two different light paths, that do not reflect back to the li... | 09/14/2010 |
| 7710628 | Method and apparatus for correcting output light-amounts of spatial light modulator, image recording apparatus, and image recording method In each light modulator element of a special light modulator with diffraction grating structure where moving ribbons and fixed ribbons are alternately arranged, the maximum light-amount (I1) when an output light-amount first becomes maximum from when the movi... | 05/04/2010 |
| 7502154 | Spatial light modulator alignment A method and system for aligning a spatial light modulator with respect to an imaging device is disclosed. An image of the spatial light modulator can be formed upon the imaging device and a controller can be used to position optical elements in a manner that effect... | 03/10/2009 |
| 7450288 | Optical modulation device, optical transmitter, and optical transmission equipment In the bias stabilization control using average optical power of signal light, there is a case where a control algorithm (maximum control or minimum control) changes depending on the amplitude of clock voltage, or it becomes out of control. In an optical modulation ... | 11/11/2008 |
| 7389045 | Apparatus and method for monitoring and compensating an optical signal Optical communication apparatuses and optical communication methods are provided. According to one aspect, an optical communication apparatus includes a communication path configured to communicate a first signal; a signal generator configured to provide a second si... | 06/17/2008 |
| 7379223 | Modulator control system An optical communications system comprising: an optical input and an output, a source of input signals in an asymmetric format and having a duty cycle, a modulator for modulating the input signals, to produce an asymmetric signal, the modulator comprising a Mach-Zeh... | 05/27/2008 |
| 7369290 | Modulator bias control Approaches to bias control are disclosed for an optical modulator that modulates an optical carrier with a data input signal. In one embodiment an electrical bias input signal provided to the modulator is adjusted based on a characteristic of the data input signal d... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7369291 | SLM addressing methods and apparatuses A spatial light modulator may include a plurality of deflectable modulating elements. Each of the deflectable modulating elements may further include a support structure, an electrostatically deflectable mirror element and at least one electrode. The mirror element ... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7369773 | Methods and systems for polarization control and polarization mode dispersion compensation for wideband optical signals An optical processing method includes: receiving an optical signal from an optical system, wherein the optical signal is distorted by frequency-dependent polarization effects in the optical system; spatially dispersing frequency components of the distorted optical s... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7366362 | QPSK light modulator The present invention provides a light transmitter with a stable IQ amplitude ratio relative to the characteristic change of a modulating system. The QPSK light modulator of the present invention includes a laser light source for outputting light; an optical demulti... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7345803 | Optical modulator and optical modulating method In an optical modulation device (10) having an electrical/optical interaction region (11), an electrical signal line (3) is connected to an electrical signal input terminal (2a), another electrical signal line (4a) is... | 03/18/2008 |
| 7339753 | Light scanning apparatus and imaging apparatus In a light scanning apparatus including an optical system including a beam deflection means therein and a one-dimensional light modulation device, the one-dimensional light modulation device is disposed on the object side of the optical system, and the beam deflecti... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7327518 | Attenuator for high-power unpolarized laser beams A method for attenuating an unpolarized laser beam includes separating the laser beam into two plane-polarized beams. The plane-polarized beams are polarization rotated. Each of the polarization-rotated beams is separated into two plane-polarized portions. One of th... | 02/05/2008 |
| 7324256 | Photonic oscillator A photonic oscillator includes an optical transceiver that serves the dual purpose of detecting a feedback RF lightwave signal carried on a laser beam and electrically filtering the RF lightwave signal to modulate the RF lightwave signal in accordance therewith, to ... | 01/29/2008 |
| 7324760 | Apparatus and method for phase synchronization control in RZ optical transmitter An optical RZ transmitter comprises an optical signal source and a pair of electro-optical modulators in tandem, one arranged to receive a NRZ electrical data signal and the other a clock signal at the data rate of the data signal. The phase difference between the d... | 01/29/2008 |
| 7273788 | Ultra-thin semiconductors bonded on glass substrates A method for forming a semiconductor on insulator structure includes providing a glass substrate, providing a semiconductor wafer, and performing a bonding cut process on the semiconductor wafer and the glass substrate to provide a thin semiconductor layer bonded to... | 09/25/2007 |
| 7270942 | Optimized mirror design for optical direct write The present invention provides an optimized direct write lithography system using optical mirrors. That is, a maskless lithography system is provided. The maskless direct-write lithography system provided uses an array of mirrors configured to operate in a tilting m... | 09/18/2007 |
| 7269313 | Ultra-slow down and storage of light pulses, and altering of pulse spectrum Light pulses can be stopped and stored coherently, with an all-optical process that involves an adiabatic and reversible pulse bandwidth compression occurring entirely in the optical domain. Such a process overcomes the fundamental bandwidth-delay constraint in opti... | 09/11/2007 |
| 7259914 | Attenuator for high-power unpolarized laser beams A method for attenuating an unpolarized laser beam includes separating the laser beam into two plane-polarized beams. The plane-polarized beams are polarization rotated. Each of the polarization-rotated beams is separated into two plane-polarized portions. One of th... | 08/21/2007 |
| 7260279 | Integrated opto-electronic oscillators Integrated opto-electronic oscillators that use micro resonators in the optical section of the opto-electronic feedback loop. ... | 08/21/2007 |
| 7257331 | Signal emitter for optical fibers An emitter of optical signals for optical fibers includes an electroabsorption modulator downstream of a laser and a Mach-Zhender modulator downstream of the electroabsorption modulator and controlled by at least one clock to eliminate for each pulse of the resultin... | 08/14/2007 |
| 7251068 | Spatial light modulator alignment A method and system for aligning a spatial light modulator with respect to an imaging device is disclosed. An image of the spatial light modulator can be formed upon the imaging device and a controller can be used to position optical elements in a manner that effect... | 07/31/2007 |
| 7248412 | Optical substrate with modulated structure There is provided an optical substrate. The optical substrate includes at least one surface, The at least one surface includes at least one optical structure having a shape and dimensions, wherein the shape and dimensions of each optical structure represents in part... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7245413 | Light modulation apparatus and light modulator control method A light modulation apparatus including a Mach-Zehnder type light modulator, a driver for modulator outputting a control signal according to an input electric signal, a light branching circuit branching the output light signal, and a bias control circuit applying a b... | 07/17/2007 |
| 7231105 | Integrated dual waveguides An apparatus and method for splitting a received optical signal into its orthogonal polarizations and sending the two polarizations on separate dual integrated waveguides to other systems on chip for further signal processing. The present invention provides an appar... | 06/12/2007 |
| 7221876 | Method of optically producing clock and apparatus thereof Disclosed herein is a method of optically producing a clock, in which clock components are extracted from the spectrum of a transmitted optical signal and the influence of noise and jitter on the extracted clock components is reduced, thus improving the stability of... | 05/22/2007 |
| 7215852 | Method and apparatus for mode conversion Spot-size conversion for interfacing a first optical element having a higher refractive index to a second optical element having a lower refractive index is achieved through the use of two optical star couplers coupled to each other through a plurality of optical pa... | 05/08/2007 |
| 7206111 | Sterically hindered PI-bridge nonlinear optical chromophores, processes including same, and devices therefrom In various embodiments, chromophores are described that include novel electron acceptors, novel electron donors, and/or novel conjugated bridges that are useful in nonlinear optical applications. In some embodiments, the present invention provides chromophore archit... | 04/17/2007 |
| 7203396 | All optical chopping using logic gates apparatus and method An all optical chopping device for shaping and reshaping comprising an all optical AND logic gate having a first input for receiving a first optical signal, a second input for receiving a second optical signal and at least one output. The AND gate may be arranged to... | 04/10/2007 |
| 7199920 | Two stage optical amplifier The invention describes a two-stage optical amplifier adapted for inserting OADM in the mid-stage, and an integrated assembly designed for implementing the amplifier in a way suitable for forming unidirectional and bi-directional configurations useful in optical net... | 04/03/2007 |
