...During the Civil War, the Confederacy established its own Patent Office which issued 266 patents, a third of which concerned implements of war.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7612862 | Liquid crystal device An object of the invention is to provide a liquid crystal device that uses a smectic liquid crystal and that can produce a uniform display. The liquid crystal device includes a pair of substrates, a smectic liquid crystal provided between the pair of substrates, an ... | 11/03/2009 |
| 7417157 | Hexahydrodibenzofuran derivatives Disclosed are hexahydrodibenzofuran compounds of formula I, the preparation thereof, the use thereof as components in liquid-crystalline media, and to electro-optical display elements which contain the liquid-crystalline me... | 08/26/2008 |
| 7304705 | Imaging unit, optical write unit, optical read unit and image forming apparatus An imaging unit images light on a light receiving element, and includes an optical path shifting element, and a lens arranged on an input side or an output side of the optical path shifting element. The optical path shifting element includes a liquid crystal layer w... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7270765 | Composition for forming dielectric layer, MIM capacitor and process for its production To provide a composition for forming a dielectric layer excellent in dielectric constant and withstand voltage properties, a MIM capacitor and a process for its production. A composition for forming a dielectric layer, which comprises fine particles of perovs... | 09/18/2007 |
| 7196686 | Liquid crystal display and driving method thereof A liquid crystal display includes an LCD panel, a source driver outputting image signals to the LCD panel, a gate driver sequentially outputting scanning signals to the LCD panel. At the same time of power on, high-level bias voltages are applied to a common electro... | 03/27/2007 |
| 7182885 | Fluorinated indenes and 1,7-dihydroindacenes of negative dielectric anisotropy Fluorinated indenes and 1,7-dihydroindacenes of the general formulae (I) and (II) of negative dielectric anisotropy (Δε | 02/27/2007 |
| 7153551 | Single-crystalline film and process for production thereof An organic single-crystalline film useful as a functional film in various devices is produced by selecting a liquid crystal material having a good molecular alignment regularity, disposing the liquid crystal material between a pair of boundaries exerting a thickness... | 12/26/2006 |
| 7068250 | Addressing multistable nematic liquid crystal device A method of addressing multistable nematic liquid crystal devices, in particular bistable nematic liquid crystal devices is provided. The method is a line at a time addressing scheme where one of at least two data waveforms is applied simultaneously to each of the c... | 06/27/2006 |
| 7019795 | Liquid crystal device operable in two modes and method of operating the same A liquid crystal device is provided that comprises a layer of liquid crystal material (2) disposed between two cell walls (4, 6) in an arrangement such that the liquid crystal material (2) can adopt any one of two or more stable liquid crystal c... | 03/28/2006 |
| 7019811 | Smectic liquid crystal high-contrast control or display device The liquid-crystal switching or display device comprises a chiral smectic liquid-crystal mixture, where the ratio Δ/Θ of the angle between the rubbing direction and the smectic layer normal to the tilt angle in the liquid-crystal mixture is at least 0.41. Preferab... | 03/28/2006 |
| 7008675 | Polymers for orientation and stability of liquid crystals An electro-optically active polymer gel material comprising a high molecular weight alignment polymer adapted to be homogeneously dispersed throughout a liquid crystal to control the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules and/or confer mechanical stability is pro... | 03/07/2006 |
| 6970210 | Folder type multi display device A foldable multi-display device includes plural display panels that define a large-sized screen by being disposed to contact each other at their one side ends when they are unfolded, and that are received in a panel housing when they are folded in a state where only... | 11/29/2005 |
| 6950159 | Transflective LCD device having less distance between transmission region and first bus line than transmission region and second bus line A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first polarizer provided on a surface of the first substrate which is on the opposite side to th... | 09/27/2005 |
| 6927825 | Liquid crystal display using liquid crystal with bend alignment and driving method thereof When a transition voltage, which is higher than a display voltage for image display, is applied to liquid crystal, the liquid crystal can transition to a bend alignment. Therefore, by applying a transition voltage to liquid crystal prior to image display period only... | 08/09/2005 |
| 6882392 | Method for fabricating smectic liquid crystal display device A method for fabricating a smectic LCD using oriented films that are treated by light radiation. Furthermore, the bonding of the LCD substrates is performed using light and pressure. The method includes forming a first substrate, a second substrate, and locating spa... | 04/19/2005 |
| 6858271 | Conductive organic compound device, conductive liquid crystal device, and organic electroluminescence device A conductive organic compound device structure suitable for constituting an electronic device, such as an organic EL device, is formed by including a pair of oppositely spaced electrodes, and a carrier transporting layer disposed between the electrodes and in contac... | 02/22/2005 |
| 6846215 | Apparatus for removing bubbles from sealant for fabricating liquid crystal display device An apparatus for removing bubbles from a sealant for fabricating a liquid crystal display device is disclosed in the present invention. The apparatus includes a drum, a rotating shaft in the drum, a first gear at an upper portion of the rotating shaft, a second gear... | 01/25/2005 |
| 6816227 | Gray scale and color cholesteric liquid crystal displays A cholesteric liquid crystal display with gray scales is disclosed which includes a substrate, a patterned first conductor disposed over the substrate, and a layer including a cholesteric liquid crystal material dispersed over the first patterned conductor. The disp... | 11/09/2004 |
| 6809785 | Semipermeable liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof Simplified manufacturing method for active matrix type semipermeable liquid crystal display devices also having improved productivity. In a manufacturing method for an active matrix type semipermeable liquid crystal display device, an interlayered insulator film is ... | 10/26/2004 |
| 6788369 | Cholesteric liquid crystal color filter and process for producing the same A selectively reflective film and a process for producing the selectively reflective film, comprising the steps of forming on a substrate, a layer of a liquid crystal composition comprising a liquid crystal compound, a photoreactive chiral compound and a polymerizat... | 09/07/2004 |
| 6788381 | Liquid crystal device A liquid crystal device is constructed in such a structure that a plurality of stripe bulkheads substantially perpendicular to a direction of a layer of a smectic liquid crystal are provided on at least one of a pair of substrates retaining the smectic liquid crysta... | 09/07/2004 |
| 6784968 | Addressing bistable nematic liquid crystal devices A bistable nematic liquid crystal device is addressed by application of a row waveform to successive row electrodes of an x, y matrix of pixels whilst one of two data waveforms are applied to each column electrode. The row waveform has a period of two or more time s... | 08/31/2004 |
| 6774977 | Liquid crystal device and display A surface mode liquid crystal device, for example of the pi-cell type, comprises a layer nematic liquid crystal (10) disposed between alignment layers (4,9) and an electrode arrangement (3,8). The nematic liquid crystal has viscosity coefficient... | 08/10/2004 |
| 6759945 | Variable transmittance birefringent device A variable reflectance mirror employing a super-twisted nematic (STN) liquid crystal cell to control reflectivity. The STN liquid crystal cell includes a layer of STN liquid crystal material formed between a pair of transparent electrodes, where a polymer alignment ... | 07/06/2004 |
| 6757035 | Fabricating method for a ferroelectric liquid crystal panel A liquid crystal display device, and a method of fabricating such a liquid crystal display device, that uses a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC). Additives are added to the ferroelectric liquid crystal. The additives are then used to form polymer networks, benefici... | 06/29/2004 |
| 6757045 | Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal apparatus including same A liquid crystal device is constituted by a layer of a chiral smectic liquid crystal, a pair of substrates oppositely disposed to sandwich the liquid crystal and each provided with an electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal, at least one of the substr... | 06/29/2004 |
| 6734977 | Method and apparatus for measuring gap, and method and apparatus for measuring shape and method for manufacturing liquid crystal device The present invention provides an apparatus comprising a wavelength variable light source for shifting a wavelength of light stepwise within a predetermined range and applying the light with the shifted wavelength onto a light transmissible object that is to be meas... | 05/11/2004 |
| 6710842 | Chiral smectic liquid crystal device A chiral smectic liquid crystal device includes chiral smectic liquid crystal exhibiting a phase transition series on temperature decrease of (a) Iso, Ch and SmC* or (b) Iso and SmC*, a pair of oppositely disposed substrates which sandwich the liquid crystal to form... | 03/23/2004 |
| 6650387 | Liquid crystal device having a substrate provided with portions of an alignment control layer and carrier-transporting device and light-emitting device using the liquid crystal device A liquid crystal device includes a highly aligned liquid crystal over an entire area including regions not provided with a uniaxial alignment film. A carrier-transporting device and a light-emitting device incorporate such a liquid crystal device.... | 11/18/2003 |
| 6614501 | Electroconductive device having supercooled liquid crystal layer An electroconductive device functioning as, e.g., an organic EL device, is formed of a pair of oppositely disposed electrodes and organic compound layers disposed between the electrodes so as to be supplied with a voltage applied between the electrodes. T... | 09/02/2003 |
| 6600544 | Liquid crystal display device A liquid crystal layer is formed by filing the space between alignment films formed on two glass substrates, respectively, with a ferroelectric liquid crystal having spontaneous polarization. When the maximum charge amount injected to each pixel by the sw... | 07/29/2003 |
| 6551669 | Monostable ferroelectric liquid crystal display apparatus The present invention provides a monostable ferroelectric liquid crystal display apparatus includes a pair of substrates, each subjected to uniaxial orientation processing and arranged so that their orientation processing directions are approximately para... | 04/22/2003 |
| 6436490 | Monostable ferroelectric liquid crystal display apparatus A monostable ferroelectric liquid crystal display in which a stable monostable mode is realized to achieve sufficient analog gradation and contrast. A pair of substrates, processed with uniaxial orientation, are placed so that the directions of orientatio... | 08/20/2002 |
| 6420000 | Liquid crystal device and driving method for the device A liquid crystal device is constituted by a chiral smectic liquid crystal to form a plurality of pixels. The chiral smectic liquid crystal has a temperature-dependent tilt angle characteristic satisfying the following relationship: H10 -H1... | 07/16/2002 |
| 6351301 | Smectic liquid crystal which enables grayscale display, and liquid crystal using the same A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal molecule. The liquid crystal molecule has a long axis, a short axis perpendicular to the long axis, a spontaneous polarization Ps along... | 02/26/2002 |
| 6337730 | Non-uniformly-rigid barrier wall spacers used to correct problems caused by thermal contraction of smectic liquid crystal material According to this liquid crystal cell, a vacuum to be established between two electrode substrates as a result of the volume shrinkage of a liquid crystal having a high viscosity at the room temperature can be damped by communicating between two of a plur... | 01/08/2002 |
| 6252641 | Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal apparatus A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of electrode plates and a liquid crystal composition disposed between the electrode plates. At least one of the electrode plates comprises a light-transmissive substrate, a plurality of electrodes including... | 06/26/2001 |
| 6246452 | Liquid crystal, liquid crystal mixture having Tau-V min mode driving with negative or zero temperature dependency A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal mixture comprising at least one compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R11 and R12 represent, independently each other, a C1 -C20 alkyl, alkoxy or alkoxyalkyl... | 06/12/2001 |
| 6215543 | Ferroelectric liquid crystal device comprising a polymer and exhibiting a minimum in a response time verses voltage curve In order to reduce the effects of impact on liquid crystal devices a polymer network is introduced into ferroelectric liquid crystal cells. A liquid crystal device comprises two spaced cell walls each bearing electrode structures and treated on at least o... | 04/10/2001 |
| 6208403 | Antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device An antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device includes: an active matrix type LC cell and an antiferroelectric liquid crystal sealed in the cell. Liquid crystal molecules aligned to one of a first aligning direction and a second aligning direction ar... | 03/27/2001 |