William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8446305 | Photonic analog to digital conversion A photonic analog to digital converter includes one or more modulators configured to receive a first optical signal and a radio frequency signal. The one or more modulators is configured to modulate the first optical signal based on the radio frequency signal. The c... | 05/21/2013 |
| 8441383 | Photonic digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) based on RSOAs The present invention is directed to a photonic digital-to-analog converter (pDAC) system. The system may include a mode locked laser, an optical splitter connected to the laser, and a plurality of reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers connected to the splitte... | 05/14/2013 |
| 8334797 | Wideband high resolution time-stretched photonic analog-to-digital converter A method of performing analog to digital conversation of an analog signal Vin(t), the method including the steps of: utilizing both of the complementary arms of an electro-optic modulator to recover the analog input signal Vin(t), while using o... | 12/18/2012 |
| 8269658 | Photonic analog-to-digital conversion using the robust symmetrical number system Embodiments in accordance with the invention allow for direct digitization of wideband RF signals without the need for down conversion or the use of mixers. In one embodiment, a preprocessed input analog signal is applied to three wideband Mach-Zehnder interferomete... | 09/18/2012 |
| 8106802 | Opto-electronic analog-to-digital converter In one embodiment, an opto-electronic analog-to-digital converter is provided that includes: an optical comb generator for generating a plurality of optical comb lines; a tunable optical filter adapted to select a portion of the optical comb lines responsive to an a... | 01/31/2012 |
| 8089381 | Photonic D/A An all-optical combined serial-to-parallel and digital-to-analog convertor using standard WDM technology is realized. The system is based on bit interleaving and cross-gain modulation (XGM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The optical system can operate o... | 01/03/2012 |
| 8044835 | Linearized optical digital-to-analog modulator A modulator device for converting digital data into modulation of an optical signal includes an electronic input for receiving an input data word of N bits and an electrically controllable modulator for modulating the intensity of an optical signal, the modulator in... | 10/25/2011 |
| 8026837 | Systems and methods for converting wideband signals in the optical domain Systems and methods for converting wideband signals in the optical domain are provided. A device for obtaining a digital representation of a received signal may include a spatially dispersive element that may be configured to spatially disperse frequencies in an opt... | 09/27/2011 |
| 7990299 | Optical sampling method for analog to digital conversion A method and apparatus for encoding data. A first pair of optical signals having a first phase difference is generated in response to receiving an input signal having a voltage. A second pair of optical signals having a second phase difference is generated in respon... | 08/02/2011 |
| 7982645 | Method and device for generating an electrical signal with a wide band arbitrary waveform A device for generating an electrical signal with a wide band arbitrary waveform includes at least two continuous wave lasers each being adapted to produce light at a different wavelength. The device also includes at least one pulse generator adapted to convert the ... | 07/19/2011 |
| 7973688 | Photonic filter bank for high-speed analog-to-digital conversion An analog to digital converter (ADC) structure and method includes a photonic filter bank having at least two filters. The at least two filters are configured to create a corresponding spectral tributary from an input signal at a target rate, and the at least two fi... | 07/05/2011 |
| 7893854 | Optical digital to analog converter According to one embodiment of the invention, a digital to analog converter for converting a digital signal to an analog optical signal includes a light source and a plurality optical switches. Each optical switch is responsive to a respective one of a plurality of ... | 02/22/2011 |
| 7889107 | Digital-to-analog converter A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) includes multiple electro-optical converters to generate multiple first optical signals in response to multiple input signals, multiple optical attenuators to attenuate intensities of the first optical signals and to generate mult... | 02/15/2011 |
| 7876249 | Image sensing system In general, a method includes comparing a first input signal with a second input signal to produce an output signal. The first input signal corresponds to an amount of light detected by a sensor, and the second input signal corresponds to an aggregated value of the ... | 01/25/2011 |
| 7868799 | System and method for remoting a photonic analog-to-digital converter The present invention is a remote input analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) system. The system may generate low jitter, short duration optical pulses to allow for high performance sampling of an antenna signal at a remote end of the system. The system may utilize pha... | 01/11/2011 |
| 7671771 | Optical quantizing unit and optical A/D converter An optical quantizing unit includes an optical divider dividing 1st optical pulses to be quantized and sending the divided 1st optical pulses into a plurality of paths; a plurality of optical filters passing with different transmittances the di... | 03/02/2010 |
| 7663519 | Analog to digital converter using arrangement of stators and AD converting method An Analog to Digital (AD) converter and an AD converting method are provided. The AD converter includes one or more stators, and one or more actuators that move according to an input voltage. The digital output of the AD converter is determined based on an arrangeme... | 02/16/2010 |
| 7570184 | Optical analog/digital conversion method and apparatus thereof A high speed optical analog/digital conversion process with a simple configuration, in which an optical-pulse branching delay multiplexer generates as many duplicates of each optical pulse as the predetermined number of bits by branching each optical pulse string ob... | 08/04/2009 |
| 7564387 | Optical analog-to-digital converter An optical analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is disclosed which converts an input optical analog signal to an output optical digital signal at a sampling rate defined by a sampling optical signal. Each bit of the digital representation is separately determined using... | 07/21/2009 |
| 7525461 | Optical digital to analog conversion Embodiments of the present disclosure include apparatuses, systems, and methods of providing optical digital to analog conversion. A method embodiment includes receiving an optical signal that includes a plurality of wavelengths, splitting the received optical signa... | 04/28/2009 |
| 7444446 | Optical DVI cable, optical signal transmission equipment and optical signal transmission system which have the cable, and method of transmitting optical signal using the cable The present invention provides an optical DVI cable and optical signal transmission equipment which can prevent the leakage of laser light to the outside. The optical DVI cable includes (1) a transmission side unit having a laser light emitting element unit, and con... | 10/28/2008 |
| 7427932 | Compressive sampling and signal inference An optical signal is copressively sampled using an imaging system. The imaging system is created from a plurality of subimaging systems. Each subimaging system comprises a subaperture and a plurality of sensors. The optical signal is collected at each subaperture of... | 09/23/2008 |
| 7423564 | Optical signal processing device for A/D converter including optical encoders with nonlinear loop mirrors An optically sampling device optically samples an optical analog signal using a sampled signal having a predetermined sampling frequency, and outputs control light having a pulse train of an optically sampled optical analog signal. A signal generating device generat... | 09/09/2008 |
| 7412116 | Optical device for simultaneously generating and processing optical codes The invention relates to an optical device, apt to generate and process optical codes at least one wavelength, comprising P inputs s, with 1≦s≦P, and P≧1, and N outputs k, with 1≦k≦N and N≧1, characterized in that it is apt to simultaneously generate and... | 08/12/2008 |
| 7403143 | Optical quantizing unit and optical A/D converter An optical quantizing unit includes an optical divider dividing 1st optical pulses to be quantized and sending the divided 1st optical pulses into a plurality of paths; a plurality of optical filters passing with different transmittances the di... | 07/22/2008 |
| 7403711 | Optical digital-to-analog converter and method of optically converting digital data to analog form An optical digital-to-analog (D/A) converter and a method of optically converting digital data into analog form. In one embodiment, the optical D/A converter includes: (1) a splitter configured to receive and split an input coherent optical carrier into a plurality ... | 07/22/2008 |
| 7403142 | Optical quantizing unit and optical A/D converter An optical quantizing unit includes an optical divider dividing 1st optical pulses to be quantized and sending the divided 1st optical pulses into a plurality of paths; a plurality of optical filters passing with different transmittances the di... | 07/22/2008 |
| 7388535 | Digitizing front end for optical receiver A sampled-data-integrating front end is employed to convert an optical signal to a digital electrical signal. The front end includes a photodetector and an array of parallel conversion circuits, each including an activation switch, a charge amplifier and an Analog t... | 06/17/2008 |
| 7376349 | Analog to digital converter systems and methods Systems and methods are disclosed herein to provide analog-to-digital converter techniques. For example, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an analog-to-digital converter architecture is disclosed that utilizes optical techniques to convert a... | 05/20/2008 |
| 7372386 | Parallel digital-to-analog-converter A method for performing parallel digital-to-analog conversion of an n-bit digital input data signal at a frequency of fs including receiving the n-bit digital input data signal; generating M−1 delayed input data signals, M being the number of parallel c... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7367945 | Ultrasound system An ultrasound system includes an ultrasound probe configured for sensing and transmitting ultrasound signals. The ultrasound system further includes an optical conduit configured for coupling a light source and an optical detector in an optical path. The optical con... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7365665 | Photodiode digitizer with fast gain switching An optical receiver and method of operating therfor. A photodiode converts a received optical signal to an electrical signal, which is provided to both high gain and low gain signal paths. First analog-to-digital converter ADC) circuitry is coupled to convert a high... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7362841 | Digital access arrangement circuitry and method for connecting to phone lines having a DC holding circuit with switchable DC termination impedance A digital direct access arrangement (DAA) circuitry may be used to terminate the telephone connections at the user's end that provides a communication path for signals to and from the phone lines. Briefly described, the DAA provides a programmable means for the DC t... | 04/22/2008 |
| 7359638 | Optical source generator for wavelength division multiplexing optical communication systems An optical source generator for wavelength-division-multiplexing optical communication systems includes a wavelength-division multiplexer/demultiplexer, optical amplifiers, and wavelength-dependent reflectors such as optical fiber-Bragg gratings or wavelength-indepe... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7358584 | Imaging sensor An imaging sensor includes a signal processing section, a photo-current generating and collecting section, and a separating region between the signal processing section and the photo-current generating and collecting section. The photo-current generating and collect... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7358877 | Obsolescence mitigation for electron bombarded semiconductor tubes in programmable waveform digitizers Method for replacing Electron Bombarded Semiconductor (EBS) tubes in a waveform digitizer having an analog input interface and a digital output interface, the EBS tubes being interposed between the analog input interface and the digital output interface, in which th... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7355538 | Binary delta-sigma modulator A modulator, including an integrator (118), a bistable device (110), an adder (102) and a feedback loop (116) is provided. A method for converting a continuous time signal to a binary signal is also provided. ... | 04/08/2008 |
| 7349158 | Diffraction grating-based encoded micro-particles for multiplexed experiments Microparticles 8 includes an optical substrate 10 having at least one diffraction grating 12 disposed therein. The grating 12 having a plurality of colocated pitches Λ which represent a unique identification digital code that is detected... | 03/25/2008 |
| 7336574 | Apparatus for detecting abnormal states of laser diode power in an optical disc recording/reproducing device An apparatus for detecting abnormal states which prevents damage to a laser diode or data recorded on a disc and swiftly correcting the abnormal state. An overflow/underflow detector detects whether overflow or underflow of the laser diode occurs, by comparing a las... | 02/26/2008 |
| 7332752 | Optoelectronic circuit employing a heterojunction thyristor device to convert a digital optical signal to a digital electrical signal An optoelectronic circuit includes a resonant cavity formed on a substrate and into which is injected an input digital optical signal that encodes bits of information (each bit representing an OFF logic level or an ON logic level). A heterojunction thyristor device,... | 02/19/2008 |