Did You Know...
...Chester Carlson was a patent agent who tired of having to make multiple copies of patent applications using the only duplication method available at the time: carbon paper. In 1959 he came up with a new copying system and took it to IBM for evaluation. The "experts" at IBM determined potential sales to be only 5,000 units because people wouldn't want to use a bulky machine when they had carbon paper. Carlson's invention was the xerography process, the company founded on the system is Xerox.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7598745 | Method and apparatus for measuring electrical conductivity An apparatus (2) for measuring electrical conductivity in a material has a pair of electrically conducting elements (6), a first electrical conductor (9) coupled to the electrically conducting elements and coupling a first transformer core (1... | 10/06/2009 |
| 7528608 | Sensor device for a household appliance Sensor device for a household appliance that includes a body (2), detector device to measure at least one variable of a fluid and which includes a conductivity sensor, and a printed circuit (3) that receives the variables measured by the detector devic... | 05/05/2009 |
| 7405572 | Non-metallic flow-through electrodeless conductivity sensor and leak detector A non metallic flow through electrodeless conductivity sensor is provided with a conduit having primary and secondary process fluid flowpaths to form a fluid loop. At least one drive and one sense toroid surround the conduit on the fluid loop. Voltage supplied to th... | 07/29/2008 |
| 7301619 | Evaluating a multi-layered structure for voids A method and apparatus measure properties of two layers of a damascene structure (e.g. a silicon wafer during fabrication), and use the two measurements to identify a location as having voids. The two measurements may be used in any manner, e.g. compared to one anot... | 11/27/2007 |
| 7279903 | Non-metallic flow-through electrodeless conductivity sensor with leak and temperature detection A non metallic flow through electrodeless conductivity sensor is provided with a conduit having primary and secondary process fluid flow paths to form a fluid loop. At least one drive and one sense toroid surround the conduit on the fluid loop. Voltage supplied to t... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7157900 | Removable breaking calibration connector for toroidal conductivity sensor and method of calibration This invention relates to electrical connectors used with non-invasive toroidal conductivity sensors and calibration thereof. A removable breaking calibration connector is provided for temporary insertion in the electrical circuit to selectively break connection to ... | 01/02/2007 |
| 7126343 | Conductivity probe with toroid keeper An apparatus and associated process for constructing a conductivity probe are disclosed. The conductivity probe includes at least two magnetic circuits in toroidal shape. Each of these “toroids” includes a ferrite core around which is wrapped a conductive wire (... | 10/24/2006 |
| 7111497 | Leak detection apparatus for lined vessels and method of use A leak detection apparatus detects leaks or premature wearing in a lined fluid filled vessel. A leak detection apparatus comprises a current density meter, a power supply, and a probe. The probe is inserted into the fluid filled vessel. The power supply supplies an ... | 09/26/2006 |
| 7106067 | Calibration plug for invasive and non-invasive electrodeless conductivity sensors and methods of using the same calibration plug A calibration plug provides resistance simulation for calibrating toroidal conductivity sensors. This calibration plug includes a resistive element of predetermined electrical resistance coupled in series between electrical leads which may be engaged with a circuit ... | 09/12/2006 |
| 7088444 | Evaluating a multi-layered structure for voids A method and apparatus measure properties of two layers of a damascene structure (e.g. a silicon wafer during fabrication), and use the two measurements to identify a location as having voids. The two measurements may be used in any manner, e.g. compared to one anot... | 08/08/2006 |
| 7078909 | Flow-through conductivity sensor An improved flow-through conductivity sensor is provided. The sensor includes a current return path that has a current return conductor. At least one toroid of the sensor is removed from the flow path and configured to interact with the current return conductor to p... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7064822 | Evaluating a multi-layered structure for voids A method and apparatus measure properties of two layers of a damascene structure (e.g. a silicon wafer during fabrication), and use the two measurements to identify a location as having voids. One of the two measurements is of resistance per unit length. The two mea... | 06/20/2006 |
| 7052480 | Access disconnection systems and methods Apparatuses, devices, systems and methods for detecting access disconnection during medical therapy are provided. The present invention includes an electric circuit coupled to, for example, a blood circuit used during dialysis therapy. The electric circuit can injec... | 05/30/2006 |
| 7026175 | High throughput measurement of via defects in interconnects Heat is applied to a conductive structure that includes one or more vias, and the temperature at or near the point of heat application is measured. The measured temperature indicates the integrity or the defectiveness of various features (e.g. vias and/or traces) in... | 04/11/2006 |
| 6995563 | Nonmetallic process connection A sensor includes primary and secondary toroids disposed in spaced, coaxial relation to one another with a process flow path extending therethrough. Electrically conductive and non-metallic connectors are located at opposite ends of the flow path to physically conta... | 02/07/2006 |
| 6967489 | Method and apparatus for controllably effecting samples using two signals Methods and systems for effecting a parameter and detecting a parameter using two electric signal in a conductive path are described. ... | 11/22/2005 |
| 6963393 | Measurement of lateral diffusion of diffused layers Any semiconductor wafer fabrication process may be changed to monitor lateral abruptness of doped layers as an additional step in the wafer fabrication process. In one embodiment, a test structure including one or more doped regions is formed in a production wafer (... | 11/08/2005 |
| 6940592 | Calibration as well as measurement on the same workpiece during fabrication Two more measurements are made on the same workpiece, during fabrication. Each measurement may be made employing a different process. The measurements are used together to determine a property of the workpiece. For example, multiple measurements from a first process... | 09/06/2005 |
| 6932786 | Method and device for monitoring the access to the cardiovascular system of a patient A device for monitoring the access to the cardiovascular system of a patient undergoing an extracorporeal treatment of blood in a machine (1) comprising a treatment device (4) and an extracorporeal circuit (2), comprises: a voltage generator ( | 08/23/2005 |
| 6915232 | Film thickness measuring method, relative dielectric constant measuring method, film thickness measuring apparatus, and relative dielectric constant measuring apparatus A non-contact method of measuring the thickness of an insulator film on a semiconductor substrate includes: (i) charging the insulator film surface in a non-contact manner; (ii) obtaining a first flat band voltage by conducting, prior to the charging processing step... | 07/05/2005 |
| 6906801 | Measuring a property of a layer in multilayered structure An apparatus measures a property of a layer (such as the sheet resistance of a conductive layer or thermal conductivity of a dielectric layer that is located underneath the conductive layer) by performing the following method: (1) focusing the heating beam on the he... | 06/14/2005 |
| 6815488 | Process for producing thermoplastic resin composition A process for producing a thermoplastic resin composition is disclosed and comprises melt-kneading a resin composition containing from 40 to 90 parts by weight of (A) a polyamide resin, from 5 to 50 parts by weight of (B) a polyphenylene ether resin, from 5 to 30 pa... | 11/09/2004 |
| 6812709 | Sensor for measuring the electrical conductivity of a fluid medium The invention relates to an inductively operating sensor (1) for measuring the electrical conductivity of a fluid medium (2), having an excitation coil (3) to which an input signal is fed and a receiver coil (4) coupled to the excitation ... | 11/02/2004 |
| 6777943 | Method and apparatus for monitoring a cathodic protected structure A method and an apparatus for utilizing a periodic disconnection of a cathodic protection circuit, the voltage fluctuations caused on a cathodically protected structure by periodic disconnection of the protection circuit being detected in an apparatus and used for r... | 08/17/2004 |
| 6653841 | Device and method for carrying out a contactless measurement of the conductivity of a liquid situated in a flow channel The invention relates to a device and method for carrying out a contactless measurement of the conductivity of a liquid situated in a flow channel, and to the use of said device and method. According to the invention, the invention provides that a toroida... | 11/25/2003 |
| 6614212 | Differential conductivity hemodynamic monitor Method and apparatus for quantitatively determining a degree of recirculalion flow in a vessel of a fluid by altering the electrical conductivity of the fluid, sensing the difference in electromagnetic field after the fluid is altered, and integrating the... | 09/02/2003 |
| 6480009 | Solids measurement system In a solids profile measurement system for determining the quality of a solids bed formed from a liquid-solid slurry in a vessel, a sensor adapted to generate signals indicative of a profile as measured by progressively immersing the sensor deeper into th... | 11/12/2002 |
| 6452371 | Differential conductivity hemodynamic monitor A flow rate of a fluid flowing in a tube is quantitatively determined by altering the electrical conductivity of the fluid by injection of a bolus of saline. The electrical conductivity of the altered conductivity is measured over the time it takes the al... | 09/17/2002 |
| 6297025 | Measurement of complete electrical waveforms of tissue or cells A method of observing a physical and chemical property of a tissue or cell by using an apparatus which comprises at least a cell culturing means, an environment conditioning means, an observing means and a comparing means, comprising the steps of (A) cult... | 10/02/2001 |
| 6075367 | Differential conductivity hemodynamic monitor A flow rate of a fluid flowing in a tube is quantitatively determined by altering the electrical conductivity of the fluid by injection of a bolus of saline. The electrical conductivity of the altered conductivity is measured over the time it takes the al... | 06/13/2000 |
| 6071998 | Polyhydroxyalkanoate molding compositions Molding compositions including polyhydroxyalkanoates are provided. The use of polyhydroxyalkanoates as a binder in molding compositions provides improved binder removal in the finished molded product, and offers a wide range of physical properties suitabl... | 06/06/2000 |
| 5959455 | Fluid conductively sensor The fluid conductivity sensor disclosed herein is adapted for the non-contacting measurement of fluid conductivity and utilizes first and second insulating tubes, each of which is provided with both the driving transformer and the sensing transformer. The... | 09/28/1999 |
| 5793214 | Electromagnetic inductive probe A highly accurate electromagnetic-induction-type conductivity and dielectric constant meter is obtained by using a calibration box (instrument) and a structure as below. The conductivity and dielectric constant meter employs an electromagnetic inductive p... | 08/11/1998 |
| 5767682 | Electric conductivity measurement circuit and probe In an electric conductivity measurement circuit according to the invention, there are provided first and second cores for forming a closed flux loop in a liquid whose electric conductivity is to be measured, a first coil is wound on the first core, and a ... | 06/16/1998 |
| 5680051 | Electromagnetic induction-type probe An electromagnetic induction-type probe, for measuring the electrical properties of a solution, exhibits both a reduced size and a wide band property. The probe includes a primary transformer, composed of a toroidal core with a primary coil winding, a sec... | 10/21/1997 |
| 5666058 | Correction method for an electromagnetic induction-type probe A method is used which reduces measurement errors, especially of permittivity, which result when electromagnetic induction-type probes measure electrical properties of solutions. Part of the electromagnetic induction current, which the electromagnetic ind... | 09/09/1997 |
| 5659251 | Electromagnetic inductive probe A highly accurate electromagnetic-induction-type conductivity and dielectric constant meter is obtained by using a calibration box (instrument) and a structure as below. The conductivity and dielectric constant meter employs an electromagnetic inductive p... | 08/19/1997 |
| 5585729 | Fluid concentration detecting apparatus An apparatus is disclosed for determining the concentration of a fluid. In one aspect of the invention an apparatus for detecting the ionic concentration of a fluid is provided. The ionic concentration detecting apparatus may include a resonance coil or o... | 12/17/1996 |
| 5570026 | Altered fluid conductivity monitor A differential conductivity recirculation monitor quantitatively determines the degree of recirculation in a fistula by comparing the conductivity of blood entering the fistula to the conductivity of blood being withdrawn from the fistula. A discrete quan... | 10/29/1996 |
| 5510717 | Differential conductivity recirculation monitor A differential conductivity recirculation monitor quantitatively determines the degree of recirculation in a fistula by comparing the conductivity of blood entering the fistula to the conductivity of blood being withdrawn from the fistula. A discrete quan... | 04/23/1996 |
