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"Rail travel at high speeds is not possible because passengers, unable to breathe, would die of asphyxia."
Dionysius Lardner, Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy at University College, London ; 1830
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7622903 | EMI rejection for temperature sensing diodes In one set of embodiments, a circuit may be implemented to deliver accurately ratioed currents to a remotely located semiconductor device that has a substantially non-linear input-output characteristic that varies with temperature and is subject to effects of electr... | 11/24/2009 |
| 7402960 | LED-based lamp apparatus A LED-based lamp apparatus includes a LED unit having multiple LEDs connected in series, a step-up circuit for stepping up a power supply voltage by a switching action of a switching element to supply an electric current to the LED unit, a sensing element for measur... | 07/22/2008 |
| 7274251 | Apparatus and method of current sharing A current sharing apparatus and a method thereof are provided. The current sharing apparatus comprises an input terminal, an output terminal, a current-sharing control terminal, a pass transistor, a constant voltage generating unit, a feedback control circuit and a ... | 09/25/2007 |
| 7064943 | Boost-type switching power device A boost-type switching power device which obtains a dc output by connecting a rectifying diode to the output side of an inductance element, connected in series to a main switching element, the device including: a control circuit which controls the operation of the m... | 06/20/2006 |
| 7009403 | Circuit arrangement for controlling and detecting the load current through a load Circuit arrangement for controlling the current flow through a load in the case of detection of the current flow according to the current sense principle. The circuit arrangement has a load transistor and a plurality of auxiliary transistors of identical type, which... | 03/07/2006 |
| 6969976 | Dynamic current limit adjustments A system, method, and apparatus are arranged to provide for current limit adjustments in a switching regulator that includes an inductor. A switched voltage divider circuit is selectively activated according to the actuation of various switching circuits in the regu... | 11/29/2005 |
| 6927960 | Circuit protection device A circuit protection device includes an overheat protecting circuit connected to a main circuit and capable of being activated so as to shut down the main circuit when operating temperature of the main circuit reaches a predetermined value, and a current limiting ci... | 08/09/2005 |
| 6671143 | Technique for limiting current through a reactive element in a voltage converter A current limiting technique for a voltage converter. A current through a reactive element in a voltage converter is limited. Current from a supply is switched through a reactive element in accordance with a switch control signal for forming a regulated o... | 12/30/2003 |
| 6121764 | Current source having high impedance current output and method therefor Low voltage current sources having a high effective output impedance over a wide voltage range, including when individual transistors exhibit low output impedance states at low voltages. The low voltage current source replicates its output current and com... | 09/19/2000 |
| 6049880 | Computer display monitor apparatus and method for controlling power thereof A computer monitor having a universal serial bus system comprises a primary power supply that supplies power to the associated circuits of the computer monitor, a hub power supply that supplies hub power through universal serial bus ports to peripheral de... | 04/11/2000 |
| 5726875 | AC-DC adapter An AC-DC adapter includes a power transformer to which an AC voltage is applied, a rectifier circuit for rectifying and smoothing an AC voltage developed across the secondary side of said power transformer, and DC voltage stabilizing member for stabilizin... | 03/10/1998 |
| 5616971 | Power switching circuit A power switching circuit includes a power switching NPN transistor (1) having its collector electrode coupled to a reference potential terminal (17) and its emitter electrode coupled to an output terminal (7). A driver circuit (5) is provided having an i... | 04/01/1997 |
| 5550700 | Interchange circuit overload protection using driver current limiting A low-voltage drop current regulator regulates the current in a data interchange circuit. In one embodiment, the low-voltage drop current regulator couples a positive power supply voltage to the power supply pin of a driver integrated circuit. In another ... | 08/27/1996 |
| 5339019 | Current sink A current sink includes an electronic component having a switched current path and a control terminal. The current path can be switched to a low-impedance condition by the control terminal to sink a current flowing into it. A component having a frequency-... | 08/16/1994 |
| 5130636 | Protective circuit for providing a reference voltage at a backplane A self-correcting protective circuit for providing a reference voltage to a backplane bus wherein the circuit includes a primary transistor, current sensing resistor and diode connected between a supply voltage and the backplane. The combination of a curr... | 07/14/1992 |
| 5027002 | Redundant power bus arrangement for electronic circuits A redundant power bus arrangement for electronic circuits controls the application of voltage from a power source to an active circuit card and a standby circuit card. Current limited switches are used to connect the power source to the active or standby ... | 06/25/1991 |
| 5010293 | Inrush current limiting circuit An inrush current limiting circuit in accordance with the principles of the present invention limits initial current flow to a highly initially reactive power load. The current limiting circuit comprises a plug in connection to a power source and two cond... | 04/23/1991 |
| 4964010 | Apparatus for limiting a time integration value of a pulsed current An electronic device including a circuit element to which a pulse current is applied, and a device for limiting the time integration value of current flowing in the circuit element, the device being connected in series to the circuit element, to prevent t... | 10/16/1990 |
| 4893211 | Method and circuit for providing adjustable control of short circuit current through a semiconductor device A method for limiting short circuit current flow in a Field Effect Transistor (FET) to limit the power dissipated therein includes sensing a rise in the drain-to-source voltage of the transistor and clamping the gate-to-source voltage to a predetermined a... | 01/09/1990 |
| 4851953 | Low voltage current limit loop A current limit circuit is provided which may be used to limit the current conducted by a pass transistor in a low dropout voltage regulator circuit having no ground terminal. The output current of the regulator is sensed by a low value resistor in the co... | 07/25/1989 |
| 4831483 | Abnormality detection alarm circuit for output circuit To turn off an output transistor and generate an alarm whenever a load driven by the output transistor is shorted or opened, the abnormality detection alarm circuit comprises a short detection circuit; an open detection circuit; a delay circuit; an output... | 05/16/1989 |
| 4829259 | Constant current source and battery charger A constant current battery charger includes a bucking regulator comprising a power switch transistor, a diode, an inductor and a voltage sensitive switch with adjustable delay for controlling the power switch transistor. The hysteresis or delay is obtaine... | 05/09/1989 |
| 4809122 | Self-protective fuel pump driver circuit A self-protective driver circuit with automatic reset features is provided for a marine electric fuel pump (2, 102) energized by the boat battery (4, 104) as controlled by a series connected semiconductor switch (6, 106). A first stage protective subcircu... | 02/28/1989 |
| 4787007 | Output driver circuit In an output driver semiconductor circuit, a protection circuit is used to protect the output NPN transistor from being destroyed. The protection circuit comprises an excessive current detector for detecting an excessive collector current of the output NP... | 11/22/1988 |
| 4782280 | Transistor circuit with E/C voltage limiter In a series-regulation transistor (T1), which is driven by a drive circuit (10), for generating a constant voltage across a load (RL) the occurrence of comparatively large substrate currents in the case of saturation of the series-re... | 11/01/1988 |
| 4771357 | Power driver having short circuit protection A power driver including a switch (17) that connects between a power input terminal (12) and a power output terminal (13). A current sense unit (22) provides an over current sense signal if an over current condition should exist with respect to the switch... | 09/13/1988 |
| 4743833 | Voltage regulator A voltage regulator having a series regulator operated by a shunt regulator.... | 05/10/1988 |
| 4739199 | High switching speed semiconductor device A semiconductor device comprising first and second transistors connected in series with one another to pass a primary current upon receipt of a control signal at the gate of the second transistor. The first transistor is coupled to receive a base current ... | 04/19/1988 |
| 4717849 | Semiconductor device for conducting primary current upon receipt of a control signal A semiconductor device comprising first and second transistors connected in series with one another to provide a path for a primary current upon receipt of a control signal at the gate of the second transistor. The first transistor is coupled to receive a... | 01/05/1988 |
| 4716488 | Primary switched-mode power supply unit The invention concerns a primary switched-mode power supply device with several electrically isolated secondary circuits, the output voltage of the secondary circuit being connected to an actual-value sensor with a regulator connected to the sensor output... | 12/29/1987 |
| 4669026 | Power transistor thermal shutdown circuit A thermal shutdown circuit for use with a high power transistor which incorporates a sense emitter. A differential amplifier is driven from the transistor base and the sense emitter and has an output that is coupled to the power transistor base. When the ... | 05/26/1987 |
| 4660121 | Electronic safety barrier An intrinsically safe safety barrier includes an outgoing line, a return line, two switching transistors connected in the outgoing line, at least two control transistors having base-emitter circuits for controlling the switching transistors in order to re... | 04/21/1987 |
| 4618813 | High efficiency series regulator A three-terminal series regulator achieves high efficiency by using an enhancement mode P-channel or N-channel FET for the series regulating element, respectively, for positive or negative voltage regulation thereby eliminating the need for a boost voltag... | 10/21/1986 |
| 4531083 | Current regulating circuit A battery charger which includes terminals for connection to an electric power source, an electrical charging circuit and an operative arrangement for connecting at least one rechargeable battery cell in series with the charging circuit across the termina... | 07/23/1985 |
| 4531084 | Power supply with current regulating circuit A power supply which includes terminals for connection to an electric power source, a storage capacitance, an electrical charging circuit and an operative arrangement for connecting storage capacitance in series with the charging circuit across the termin... | 07/23/1985 |
| 4528608 | Electronic current interrupter included in a DC distribution system An electronic current interrupter included in a DC distribution system contains a transistorized power circuit (EK), a threshold circuit (JF), a time circuit (TK) and holding circuit (HK). In one embodiment, the power circuit comprises a power transistor ... | 07/09/1985 |
| 4516067 | Regulated power supply with current regulating circuit A power supply which includes terminals for connection to an electric power source, a storage capacitance, an electrical charging circuit and an operative arrangement for connecting the storage capacitance in series with the charging circuit across the te... | 05/07/1985 |
| 4504774 | Current regulating circuit A battery charger which includes terminals for connection to an electric power source, an electrical charging circuit and an operative arrangement for connecting at least one rechargeable battery cell in series with the charging circuit across the termina... | 03/12/1985 |
| 4495537 | Controlled current limiter A controlled current limiter having a diode in series with the voltage divider of the current limiting transistor to prevent power dissipation during idle conditions. A switch responsive to the output current is in series with the diode. A clamp responsiv... | 01/22/1985 |
| 4485427 | Fold-back power supply An electrostatic charging potential generator for a coating dispenser is useful with, for example, hand-held dispensers where the dispenser can be brought into closely spaced orientation with articles to be coated, or "targets." The generator of the discl... | 11/27/1984 |
