...that while attempting to develop a super strong glue, 3M employee Spencer Silver accidentally developed a glue that was so weak it would barely hold two pieces of paper together? However, his colleague Art Fry needed the glue. Fry sang with his church choir and marked the pages of his hymnal with small scraps of paper that often fell out. He used Silver's glue to hold the papers in place. Today we call this invention Post-it Notes.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7986100 | LED string A light-emitting diode (LED) string is provided. The LED string includes a power plug configured for connecting with a power source to power the LED string; one or more LED sockets configured for electrically connecting with the power plug; one or more LEDs configur... | 07/26/2011 |
| 7358679 | Dimmable LED-based MR16 lighting apparatus and methods Methods and apparatus for providing controllable power via an A.C. power source to LED-based lighting devices having an MR16 configuration. In one example, LED-based MR16 lighting devices may be coupled to A.C. power circuits that are controlled by conventional dimm... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7352339 | Diffuse illumination systems and methods The systems and methods disclosed herein relate to sources of diffuse illumination for providing substantially uniform illumination to a surface. The diffuse illumination arises from varying the diffusion angle of light generated by an LED system. To vary the diffus... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7275844 | Generator powered bicycle headlamp and electrical circuit A bicycle headlamp including: a rotor having a plurality of magnet plates attached to spokes of a bicycle wheel, each magnet plate including a plurality of magnets disposed at regular circumferential spacings with alternating south and north poles; and a stator incl... | 10/02/2007 |
| 7231060 | Systems and methods of generating control signals Separating a source in a stereo signal having a left channel and a right channel includes transforming the signal into a short-time transform domain; computing a short-time similarity measure between the left channel and the right channel; classifying portions of th... | 06/12/2007 |
| 7224001 | Semiconductor light source A semiconductor light source for illuminating a physical space has been invented. In various embodiments of the invention, a semiconductor such as and LED chip, laser chip, LED chip array, laser array, an array of chips, or a VCSEL chip is mounted on a heat sink. Th... | 05/29/2007 |
| 7138770 | LED driving circuit An LED driving circuit that is directly activated by an AC power supply is disclosed. A driving circuit has a first and second pair of opposite branches. The first pair of opposite branches operates in a positive half cycle of the AC power supply and the second pair... | 11/21/2006 |
| 7114840 | Exit sign illuminated by selective color LEDs An exit sign comprising a housing and a plurality of red and green color LEDs having the capability of being selectively activated to produce either red light or green light. The plurality of LEDs are mounted in a mutual lighting association in the housing. A switch... | 10/03/2006 |
| 7067992 | Power controls for tube mounted LEDs with ballast A power saving device for a light emitting diode (LED) lamp mounted to an existing fixture for a fluorescent lamp having a ballast assembly and LEDs positioned within a tube and electrical power delivered from the ballast assembly to the LEDs. The LED lamp includes ... | 06/27/2006 |
| 7052152 | LCD backlight using two-dimensional array LEDs One embodiment of the invention provides a backlight for an LCD display. The backlight uses a two-dimensional array of single color or white LEDs and a diffusing or phosphor coated cover plate. Various electrical connections of the LEDs and various phosphor color-co... | 05/30/2006 |
| 7049765 | Transformer for dimmer switch or on/off switch and method of use The present invention achieves the above objects, among others, by providing, in a preferred embodiment, a transformer system for use with either a dimmer switch or an on/off switch, including: a transformer; a load connected to the transformer; a first tap connecte... | 05/23/2006 |
| 7049761 | Light tube and power supply circuit The present invention provides a light tube for illumination by a power supply circuit including a bulb portion and a pair of end caps disposed at opposite ends of the bulb portion. A plurality of light emitting diodes are disposed inside the bulb portion and in ele... | 05/23/2006 |
| 7038398 | Kinetic illumination system and methods The present invention relates to methods of creating eye-catching displays by taking advantage of color-changing illumination provided by LED systems disclosed herein. Displays can be made to appear to change color or to move simply by changing the color of the ligh... | 05/02/2006 |
| 7038399 | Methods and apparatus for providing power to lighting devices Methods and apparatus for providing power to devices via an A.C. power source, and for facilitating the use of LED-based light sources on A.C. power circuits that provide signals other than standard line voltages. In one example, LED-based light sources may be coupl... | 05/02/2006 |
| 6366214 | Warning light A warning light that comprises at least one circuit board with a multiplicity of LEDs which has a low current draw as compared to an equivalent incandescent bulb, and fits a standard incandescent light socket.... | 04/02/2002 |
| 6322381 | Cold cathode lamp lampholder with mains switching A lampholder for use with cold cathode lamps intended to be wired in a parallel configuration includes an insulating bulb-end receptacle mounted in a conductor housing. The receptacle is divided into a pair of individual bulb-end receiving portions, each ... | 11/27/2001 |
| 6144311 | Traffic signalling apparatus for self-illuminating displays A traffic signalling apparatus wherein LEDs are employed to present various displays and the LEDs are secured with their sidewalls in a tubular holding device such that a good heat discharge from the LEDs to the holding device is guaranteed. The holding d... | 11/07/2000 |
| 6099336 | Cold cathode lamp lampholder with mains switching A lampholder for use with cold cathode lamps intended to be wired in a parallel configuration includes an insulating bulb-end receptacle mounted in a conductor housing. The receptacle is divided into a pair of individual bulb-end receiving portions, each ... | 08/08/2000 |
| 5726535 | LED retrolift lamp for exit signs A retrofit lamp having light emissive diodes, and more particularly, to a retrofittable lamp configured as a standard incandescent lamp which can be used effectively in illuminated signs, such as an exit sign, for operation on each cycle of A/C voltage ap... | 03/10/1998 |
| 5463280 | Light emitting diode retrofit lamp A retrofittable lamp using light emitting diodes as the illumination source, the lamp is fitted with any one of the common lamp bases and is intended as a retrofit for incandescent lamps having such bases in illuminated signs such as exit signs and the li... | 10/31/1995 |
| 5387847 | Passive power factor ballast circuit for the gas discharge lamps A ballast for a gas discharge lamp circuit has a d-c output which contains three series-connected diodes connected across the output terminals, a pair of capacitors connected from different respective nodes of the diodes to respective ones of the output t... | 02/07/1995 |
| 5363017 | Starting capacitor disconnect scheme for a fluorescent lamp A starting capacitor disconnect scheme for a fluorescent lamp system in which each starting capacitor shunts one or more series connected fluorescent lamps until all of the fluorescent lamps are ignited. Following ignition of all fluorescent lamps, each s... | 11/08/1994 |
| 5247228 | Fluorescent lamp ballast adaptor An adaptor circuit used to enable stable, flicker-free operation of T8-type fluorescent lamps in a lighting fixture which already has a standard two-lamp, series-sequence, 40 watt, rapid-start type ballast installed therein. The adaptor circuit contains a... | 09/21/1993 |
| 5239236 | Field lighting network with a distributed control system A field lighting network providing for individual control of the light fittings while reducing overall cable costs. A converter unit converts a supply voltage obtained from an A.C. main to a substantially constant current in a Boucherot circuit with a ser... | 08/24/1993 |
| 5138233 | Driver circuit for a plurality of gas discharge lamps A circuit (500) for driving two or more series-connected gas discharge lamps, having: an oscillator (518, 520, 522); and a transformer (524) with a primary winding (526) and a secondary winding (528). The transformer secondary winding has first (129A) and... | 08/11/1992 |
| 5013970 | Peak voltage reducer circuit for fluorescent lamps A rapid start fluorescent system which has its starting capacitance connected to a tap on the secondary of the ballast transformer which tap is located at a predetermined number of turns of the secondary.... | 05/07/1991 |
| 4847536 | Power reducer for fluorescent lamps An attachment is provided for connection in fluorescent lamp circuits for reducing power consumption. The attachment is particularly designed for use with fluorescent lamp circuits having an encapsulated ballast including a transformer and capacitance. Th... | 07/11/1989 |
| 4644227 | Three lamp ballast A low pressure gas discharge lamp ballast circuit is provided for three series-connected low energy gas discharge lamps, in which a first starting capacitor provides a starting voltage to one of the lamps, and a second starting capacitor provides a starti... | 02/17/1987 |
| 4600489 | Method and apparatus for evaporation arc stabilization for non-permeable targets utilizing permeable stop ring Apparatus and method for evaporation arc stabilization including a target having a surface of material of non-permeable material to be evaporated; circuitry for establishing an arc on the target surface for evaporating the target material, the arc being c... | 07/15/1986 |
| 4513225 | Fluorescent lamp series system A pair of 48-inch long preheat fluorescent lamps, each one and a half inches diameter and consuming less than 10 watts power per foot of length, are connected in series with each other and with a ballast, for operation from 50 or 60 hertz a-c line voltage... | 04/23/1985 |
| 4475064 | Means for controlling lumen output in power consumption of phosphor excitable lamps A device and a method for reducing power consumption and correspondingly reducing lumen output of a phosphor excitable lamp, such as a fluorescent lamp, connected to a source of power for operation of the same, without any appreciable loss of operating ef... | 10/02/1984 |
| 4443739 | Electric device comprising at least one low-pressure mercury vapor discharge tube An electric device comprising at least one low-pressure mercury vapor discharge tube intended to be connected to an AC voltage source at a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz. The discharge tube is of a type which produces a comparatively large current distortion an... | 04/17/1984 |
| 4317069 | Means and method for controlling lumen output and power consumption of phosphor excitable lamps A device and a method for reducing power consumption and correspondingly reducing lumen output of a phosphor excitable lamp, such as a fluorescent lamp, connected to a source of power for operation of the same, without any appreciable loss of operating ef... | 02/23/1982 |
| 4286194 | Generator for use with loads having changing impedance characteristics A generator for the starting and thereafter maintaining energization and operation of a load which has a relatively high impedance during starting and a substantially lower impedance after starting and during operation thereof. The load may be an ionic co... | 08/25/1981 |
| 4259614 | Electronic ballast-inverter for multiple fluorescent lamps An electronic ballast-inverter for multiple fluorescent lamps employs a push-pull inverter and a series resonant circuit for driving the lamps. The inverter operates at the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit. Current in the resonant circuit... | 03/31/1981 |
| 4255692 | Non-light producing phosphor energizable lamp simulator and methods of using same and making same A lamp simulator for use as a replacement for a phosphor excitable lamp, such as a fluorescent lamp in a plural lamp fixture. The fixture is typically one with socket-type connectors adapted to have at least two or more phosphor excitable lamps mounted th... | 03/10/1981 |
| 4135115 | Wattage reducing device for fluorescent fixtures A device which is designed to save electrical energy expended by a regular rapid start fluorescent lighting fixture having a plurality of lamps, or tubes, and a conventional ballast. The device comprises the combination of a step-up transformer, a resisto... | 01/16/1979 |
| 4070601 | Circuit arrangement for igniting at least one gas discharge flash tube A circuit arrangement for igniting at least one gas discharge flash tube having two main electrodes includes a chargeable flash capacitor connected in parallel with the flash tube and an electronic switch. These elements are connected to a voltage generat... | 01/24/1978 |
| 3956665 | Device for replacing a fluorescent lamp in a serially connected fluorescent lamp system A device for replacing a fluorescent lamp in a two lamp serially connected fluorescent fixture either of the type which includes a rapid-start type transformer for every two rapid-start fluorescent lamps or an instant start fixture for every two instant s... | 05/11/1976 |
| 3954316 | Electrical apparatus and method for reducing power consumption of a fluorescent lamp system An attachment is provided for inclusion in a two-lamp rapid-start type fluorescent lamp and encapsulated ballast transformer combination to reduce the electrical power consumption thereof, comprising an isolation transformer and a capacitor. The isolation... | 05/04/1976 |