William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7377517 | Target device A target device for firing practice. At least one thermal target surface is heated by an electrically current passing through same. The thermal target surface includes a number of current coils arranged so as to conduct the current from a first area of the target su... | 05/27/2008 |
| 7193209 | Method for distinguishing objects in a video image by using infrared reflective material A motor vehicle has a video system that analyzes images of the interior of the vehicle to detect certain characteristics for controlling functions of the vehicle, such as detecting the presence of a person on the seat to control deployment of air bags in the event o... | 03/20/2007 |
| 7048276 | Flying device for IR flying target representation A flying device for IR flying target representation with at least one infrared radiator (2). An infrared radiator (2) is arranged inside the exhaust gas flow of a convected heat-generating unit so that the exhaust gas stream completely encloses the sur... | 05/23/2006 |
| 6994347 | Hit scoring apparatus for shooting practice The invention provides a hit-scoring apparatus for shooting practice, comprising a target holder consisting of a body constituting the first and second jaws of a clamping device, the first jaw and the second jaw being electrically insulated from one another, means a... | 02/07/2006 |
| 6767015 | Thermal target An expendable thermal target for weapon fire, which includes a cloth housing and a plurality of independently contained thermal emitting cells disposed within the cloth housing. ... | 07/27/2004 |
| 6414332 | Media for control of thermal emission and methods of applications thereof A new class of media for control of emission of thermal radiation from an object or part thereof is disclosed. These materials can be used for a wide variety of thermal control applications.... | 07/02/2002 |
| 6337475 | Thermal silhouette target and zeroing technique A thermal silhouette target including a high emissivity surface, a conductive layer, a heating coil, an insulative layer and a direct voltage source. A thermal zeroing silhouette target device further includes a mask with a zeroing grid and a pair of cont... | 01/08/2002 |
| 6315294 | Heat target A heat target for producing, in particular, a thermal image composed of several bands and having at least one layer of electrically conducting material connected to two electrodes that are connected to means able to generate a potential difference between... | 11/13/2001 |
| 5924694 | Ballistic target material A material for targets including a rubber skin material with an embedded wire skeleton, wherein the wire skeleton comprises a wire screen providing structural support for the rubber skin.... | 07/20/1999 |
| 5901959 | Ground target for simulating the heat silhouette of a vehicle such as a tank The invention is a ground target that simulates the heat support structure of a moving object, particularly a vehicle such as a tank. It has adjustable heat transmitter at least partially covering a support structure whose three-dimensional shape resemble... | 05/11/1999 |
| 5838014 | Laser beam boresighting apparatus Boresighting apparatus includes a laser, a thermal target having an absorbent surface for receiving the laser beam and converting it to a heat spot of infrared radiation, and an optical device for receiving and optically displaying the heat spot. The ther... | 11/17/1998 |
| 5693951 | Missile launch and flyout simulator A Missile Launch and Flyout Simulator (MLFS) for simulating the UV and IR flight characteristics of an incoming missile throughout its launch, powered flight and post burnout phases, as would be viewed by a missile launch detection and tracking system. Th... | 12/02/1997 |
| 5599023 | Partially translucent mural decoy A partially translucent mural decoy containing selective translucent panels representing horizontal and other areas of the simulated target that appear brighter than surrounding areas of the target under certain conditions. When frontlit, these translucen... | 02/04/1997 |
| 5397236 | Method for offering a composite dummy target formed from a plurality of active masses which emit spectrally differentiated radiation In a method for offering a dummy target which simulates the target signature of a subject, such as land craft, aircraft or water craft, to an imaging, radiation-sensitive homing head such as an infrared homing head, a number of active masses are deployed ... | 03/14/1995 |
| 5394824 | Thermochromic sensor for locating an area of contact A thermochromic sensor for locating the area of contact between two surfaces moving in relation to each other, has applications in boundary line officiating and other situations where the location of the area of contact is important. For tennis and simila... | 03/07/1995 |
| 5321263 | Recording target A recording target includes targeting information printed on a substrate offset from a visible target and masked from the weapon operator by a thermal clearing masking layer. The operator aims at the visible target and the simulated weapon applies a focus... | 06/14/1994 |
| 5296270 | Process for making a thermally radiant surface A process for producing electrically conductive surfaces on infrared emitting military targets, wherein the electrically conductive surfaces, when electrified, heat up and produce an infrared image on the face of the target, where the process accommodates... | 03/22/1994 |
| 5224860 | Hardware-in-the-loop tow missile system simulator A "hardware-in-the-loop" simulator (10) for training people in the use of a missile system to teach target acquisition, missile launch, and missile guidance under simulated battlefield conditions. A battlefield environment (E) including at least one targe... | 07/06/1993 |
| 5126577 | Infrared target plate handling apparatus with improved thermal control A target placement apparatus having the facility to select targets with apertures of various sizes and monitor their temperature by pressing them against a framework. The apparatus is adapted to place targets at the objective plane in an infrared sensitiv... | 06/30/1992 |
| 5110137 | Infrared target using gas permeable material Target capable of producing a desired infrared signature of an intended target object. Heated gas is transported through a thermal system. Gas leaks out of the system at locations constructed of gas-permeable material. Gas-permeable locations are selectiv... | 05/05/1992 |
| 5066019 | Thermally-emissive, weaponry target, training aid or arc designator structure A thermally-emissive structure which can be a weaponry target, training aid or arc designator structure, the structure having a high heat emissivity material, such as matt black paint, applied in areas which are to define a thermally-emissive target. The ... | 11/19/1991 |
| 5065032 | Thermal integrated target A thermal target which produces and emits an infrared image that simulates heat emitting equipment or personnel, wherein said image is formed by an electric current passing through a heatable resistive coating integral with the target, wherein said therma... | 11/12/1991 |
| 4967091 | Reflective picture generator Apparatus for testing and/or calibrating a detector comprising a latent image generator, the generator having differing reflectance coefficients across its surface such that in use, when irradiated by collimated radiation the output intensity from some re... | 10/30/1990 |
| 4946171 | Live fire target modular support structure A modular target system support structure for use with modular target systems simultaneously provides support and electrical contact to a plurality of target modules upon mounting and securing of the same in place on the support structure. In one embodime... | 08/07/1990 |
| 4922116 | Flicker free infrared simulator with resistor bridges An infrared (IR) simulator is disclosed in which an array of pixels is defined on an insulative substrate by resistor bridges which contact the substrate at spaced locations and are separated from the substrate, and thereby thermally insulated therefrom, ... | 05/01/1990 |
| 4883971 | Method and apparatus for determining infrared signature of objects A simulating device or model comprises a plurality of layers of fiber reinforced composite material, including two adjacent electrically insulative layers (44). An elongated conductor (30) is interposed between the two layers (44). The conductor (30) is a... | 11/28/1989 |
| 4832451 | Collimator targets In the field of optics, collimators are adapted not only for testing, calating and measuring instruments, but for target projection and simulation. The technique is to use standard targets which are commonly available as target sets, such as three-bar an... | 05/23/1989 |
| 4799688 | Live fire target system A target system includes a target comprising a plurality of spaced, parallel, electrically conductive strips disposed on a target surface. An electrically conductive backplane is provided on a back surface of the target in a plane parallel to the target s... | 01/24/1989 |
| 4792142 | Thermal target device An improved thermal target is disclosed which is characterized by its increased ability to take multiple hits with a dramatic reduction of the likelihood of failure due to short circuiting the electrical feed to the resistance heating elements. An improve... | 12/20/1988 |
| 4767122 | Three-dimensional thermal target simulator and method of making same Orthogonal thermographs of a target one desires to simulate are taken, are eproduced on a plastic medium, and are formed onto a model of the target. The model is the same scale as the thermographs, and is transparent to radiation from internal sources. The... | 08/30/1988 |
| 4706963 | Target system for use in infrared firing exercises A target system for use in infrared firing exercises comprises a plurality of targets each of a wooden carrier material formed as a plate of a uniform thickness which is covered with a relatively thin metallic layer as an electrically conductive resistanc... | 11/17/1987 |
| 4659089 | Multi-spectral target An infrared target made up of a plurality of infrared radiating modules simulates a military asset. The modules have radiating portions that generate infrared signals matching the thermal cues making up the thermal signature of the asset. The modules are ... | 04/21/1987 |
| 4639603 | IR image source using speculary reflective transparency A new technique is provided for the simulation of light images. The technique uses a type of film which is currently marketed under the trade name "Polapan CT", "Polagraph HC" or "Polachrome CS". In addition to transmitting and reflecting frequencies in t... | 01/27/1987 |
| 4607849 | Jet exhaust simulator A jet exhaust simulator provides a multichamber jet fuel burner in which the fuel supplies to the chambers may be remotely and independently controlled, and in which a pilot flame chamber with squib igniter provides a reliable source of combustion. Primar... | 08/26/1986 |
| 4605232 | Infrared radiation responsive target Novel techniques for scattering infrared radiation are employed to form a diffuse retro-reflector suitable as a target for night viewing by an infrared responsive detector.... | 08/12/1986 |
| 4546983 | Multi-spectral target An infrared target made up of a plurality of infrared radiating modules simulates a military asset. The modules have radiating portions that generate infrared signals matching the thermal cues making up the thermal signature of the asset. The modules are ... | 10/15/1985 |
| 4505481 | Inflatable target apparatus Disclosed is a target apparatus for realistically simulating battlefield conditions comprising an inflatable target capable of receiving repeated fire without deflating. The target is mounted on a trolley and moves along a predetermined path and can be ra... | 03/19/1985 |
| 4470818 | Thermal sight training device A training system simulates thermal sight presentations utilizing miniature argets which have been painted with retroreflective paint in predetermined patterns corresponding to the thermal radiation associated with the target. The target is viewed through ... | 09/11/1984 |
| 4428583 | Airborne target for generating an exhaust plume simulating that of a jet powered aircraft An airborne target for generating an exhaust plume simulating that of a jet powered aircraft embodies an elongated target body having an elongated combustion chamber therein. An air receiving inlet which faces in the direction of travel of the body commun... | 01/31/1984 |
| 4422646 | Infrared target for military applications and its use An electrically operated military target capable of emitting an infrared signal when an electric current passes therethrough comprises a multiplicty of independent modules, each module corresponding to a thermal cue of a military threat asset. Each module... | 12/27/1983 |