William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8057736 | Hearth structure of rotary furnace hearth The present invention discovers a new structural design technique which provides clearances between refractories 13 and fills the clearances with various types of refractories or refractory materials like in the past and, furthermore, uses another method to s... | 11/15/2011 |
| 6630099 | Continuous metal melting apparatus A rotary furnace apparatus is provided for rapid melting of a variety of virgin and recycled ferrous and non-ferrous metals, which distributes the introduction of the unmelted charge materials and hence the melting heat requirements along an elongate gas-... | 10/07/2003 |
| 6039786 | Process for melting a metal charge in a rotary furnace and rotary furnace for implementing such a process Process for melting a metal charge in a rotary furnace equipped with at least one oxygen burner, comprising the steps of: (i) adding between 1.5 and 9% of a charge of solid fuel to the metal charge to form a combined charge; and (ii) injecting at least one jet... | 03/21/2000 |
| 5783142 | Kiln system for treatment of reactive fines A kiln system for a process for treatment of aluminum dross residue (NMP) having available aluminum nitride (AlN) and/or free aluminum (Al) and/or aluminum chlorides (AlCl3) having a particle size within the range of 0.3 to 300 microns, i.e., "... | 07/21/1998 |
| 5160477 | Temperature maintenance and metallurgical treatment furnace Temperature maintenance and metallurgical treatment furnace for a metal in liquid state, comprising a closed container for liquid metal provided with a burner of the oxygen-combustible type, a porous plug for the bottom of the container for injecting a ne... | 11/03/1992 |
| 4923177 | Continuous preheat scrap charging system and method A continuous preheat charging method including the steps of transferring scrap from a receiving point to a discharge point, preheating scrap adjacent the discharge point prior to delivery of preheated scrap to one of a pair of melting furnaces, and altern... | 05/08/1990 |
| 4728081 | Incinerating and melting apparatus Disclosed is an incinerating and melting apparatus for processing materials such as organic matters, inorganic matters and metals, which apparatus has a cylindrical or polygonal horizontal furnace body provided with a material charging port and a melt dis... | 03/01/1988 |
| 4697792 | Melting furnace A melting furnace has a drum rotating in operating position about an approximately horizontally arranged axis of rotation and being provided within the area of the rear end with a burner and with a discharge opening and comprising within the area of the o... | 10/06/1987 |
| 4595177 | Rotary drum A rotary drum comprises a hollow cylindrical outer member, a coaxial hub, and a plurality of spokes pivotally connected to the outer member and to the hub, all the spokes being aligned at the same oblique angle to the radius at the respective connections ... | 06/17/1986 |
| 4515352 | Rotary furnace used for the production of ferrochromium Described is a method for the production of ferrochromium and a rotary furnace employed in such method. Raw chromium ores, fluxes and carbonaceous reducing agent(s) are charged into a rotary furnace into which oxygen or oxygen-enriched air are blown to ef... | 05/07/1985 |
| 4487399 | Converter for refining liquid metal A converter for refining liquid metals having a cylindrical horizontally disposed vessel (1) with a first opening (6) for charging and pouring and a second opening (13) circumferentially and longitudinally displaced from the first opening for exhaust gase... | 12/11/1984 |
| 4478102 | Tilt drive for metallurgical vessels A tilt drive is provided for a metallurgical vessel which is mounted on a large sprocket wheel driven by two or more reduction gears. The reduction gears are joined by a torque equalizing apparatus which transmits torque from the pinion of one gear to the... | 10/23/1984 |
| 4424956 | Drapable, consumable, heat retention shield for hot metal cars A drapable, consumable, heat retention shield for hot metal cars has a fibrous refractory sheet disposed between two metallic lattices, the lattices connected by fastening means to retain the sheet to form a panel having a bottom wall, upstanding side wal... | 01/10/1984 |
| 4424957 | Hot metal car heat retention shield A consumable heat retention shield for retaining the heat of the interior lining of a hot metal car includes a combustible framework having a bottom wall, upstanding walls and a flange, with the surface thereof that is to be directly exposed to the hot me... | 01/10/1984 |
| 4396181 | Converter for refining liquid metal A converter for refining liquid metals having a cylindrical horizontally disposed vessel (1) with a first opening (6) for charging and pouring and a second opening (13) circumferentially and longitudinally displaced from the first opening for exhaust gase... | 08/02/1983 |
| 4389242 | Interior arrangement for direct reduction rotary kilns and method A method and means for maximizing the use of the kiln capacity in a rotary kiln, directly reducing metal oxides using solid carbonaceous materials as the source of fuel and reducant, is disclosed involving the creation of an annular dam arrangement within... | 06/21/1983 |
| 4381855 | Technique for conserving hot metal temperature A flexible thermal insulating cover member is positioned over the opening of a hot metal containment of a conveying or mixing vessel to reduce the temperature loss from the containment.... | 05/03/1983 |
| 4337929 | Rotary furnace for melting metal A rotary furnace for recovering metals, such as aluminum. The furnace includes an outer cylindrical, open-ended drum which is mounted for rotation about its axis. Secured within the drum is a tapered kiln and the kiln is spaced inwardly of the drum to pro... | 07/06/1982 |
| 4234171 | Mixing arrangement In a mixing arrangement including a tiltable mixer provided with a refractory lining and having a horizontally arranged cylindrical mixing chamber with end walls, the mixing chamber is mounted on a base by means of a fixed bearing and an expansion bearing... | 11/18/1980 |