William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7560674 | CMOS image sensor and method for manufacturing the same Disclosed are a CMOS image sensor and a manufacturing method thereof. The present CMOS image sensor comprises: first, second, and third photo diodes and a plurality of transistors spaced at a predetermined distance in a semiconductor substrate; a diffusion blocking ... | 07/14/2009 |
| 7538304 | Reducing noise in an imager by sampling signals with a plurality of capacitances connected to an output line A method of operating an imager to have increased capacitance on a pixel output or column output line during most reset signal and pixel signal sampling operations from the line. The increased capacitance is achieved by switching in multiple sample and hold capacito... | 05/26/2009 |
| 7495199 | MEMS radiometer A radiometer sensor includes a target plate and a micro-mechanical spring which supports the target plate above a base support. This construction allows for displacement of the target plate in a direction perpendicular to the base support in response to radiation wh... | 02/24/2009 |
| RE40410 | Method and system for tracking attitude A method and system for tracking attitude of a device includes fixing a two-dimensional array of photosensors to the device and using the array to form a reference frame and a sample frame of images. The fields of view of the sample and reference frames largely over... | 07/01/2008 |
| 7372009 | Solid-state thermal neutron detector A solid-state thermal neutron detector comprises: a layered structure that includes; an electrically insulating substrate; a first electrode affixed to the substrate; a neutron-reactive layer affixed to and in ohmic contact with the first electrode; and a second ele... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7369250 | System and method to inspect components having non-parallel surfaces The present invention provides a method to detect and generate ultrasonic displacements at a remote target for ultrasonic inspection. This method involves generating an ultrasonic wave at a first location on an upper surface of the remote target. This ultrasonic wav... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7355184 | Radiation detecting apparatus and method for manufacturing the same An underlayer of a phosphor layer is disposed on a sensor panel including two-dimensionally arranged photoelectric conversion devices. The surface of the underlayer is subjected to atmospheric pressure plasma treatment. The phosphor layer is formed on the surface-tr... | 04/08/2008 |
| 7349158 | Diffraction grating-based encoded micro-particles for multiplexed experiments Microparticles 8 includes an optical substrate 10 having at least one diffraction grating 12 disposed therein. The grating 12 having a plurality of colocated pitches Λ which represent a unique identification digital code that is detected... | 03/25/2008 |
| 7326905 | Photodetector and optical receiver An optical receiver is provided with an optical-signal-receiving section and a controlling section. The optical-signal-receiving section incorporates a photodetector. The photodetector has an APD. Through a passivation film, a photoconductor is placed on a portion o... | 02/05/2008 |
| 7317521 | Particle detection method A method for detecting on a substrate used in the fabrication of integrated devices comprises the steps of (1) contacting the substrate with a monomer, wherein the particle catalyzes the polymerization of the monomer, and (2) detecting the particle using a particle ... | 01/08/2008 |
| 7304000 | Photoresist trimming process A photoresist trimming gas compound is provided which will selectively remove a resist foot or scum from the lower portions of sidewalls of a photoresist. Additionally, the trimmer compound hardens or toughens an upper surface of the photoresist thereby strengthenin... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7254290 | Enhanced waveguide metrology gauge collimator A free-space optically-coupled collimator for the efficient bidirectional transmission of an optical metrology beam emanating from a waveguide aperture of a waveguide optical transmission element, all contained in an isothermal nested enclosure, with the waveguide e... | 08/07/2007 |
| 7248730 | Certified paper discriminating apparatus An apparatus configured to discriminate the genuineness of a certified paper by exposing the paper to a light source and transporting the paper through an environment of an alternating-current electromagnetic field. Light detectors detect the light reflected from th... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7248353 | Method and apparatus for inspecting samples, and method for manufacturing devices using method and apparatus for inspecting samples A method for alignment of a chip in a substrate surface inspection is provided, in which a surface of a substrate including a chip formed therein is inspected by using a beam. The method is characterized in comprising: a step of placing the substrate so that the chi... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7244945 | Scintillator panel, radiation detector and manufacture methods thereof A scintillator panel having a wavelength conversion member has some problems: lowered durability to be caused by an area not covered with a protective layer around a projection formed on the wavelength conversion member surface; lowered resolution response and CTF c... | 07/17/2007 |
| 7242796 | Certified paper and an apparatus for discriminating the genuineness thereof An apparatus for discriminating the genuineness of a security mark is provided having a first light detecting element for detecting a light emitted from a luminescent ink of the security mark placed in a specified environment and a second light detecting element for... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7221448 | Test cell for a noble gas polarizer The invention relates to a sample cell with a glass body comprising a gas inlet and a gas outlet and at least one orifice, a plane glass window is fused into the orifice, the shape and size of the window corresponds to the shape and size of the orifice, the orifice ... | 05/22/2007 |
| 7208712 | Structures and methods for coupling energy from an electromagnetic wave A device couples energy from an electromagnetic wave to charged particles in a beam. The device includes a micro-resonant structure and a cathode for providing electrons along a path. The micro-resonant structure, on receiving the electromagnetic wave, generates a v... | 04/24/2007 |
| 7206044 | Display and solar cell device Displays such as liquid crystal displays (10), organic light emitting diode displays, and touch sensitive displays (41) are stacked with one or more solar cells (15) such that light passing through the displays will illuminate the light receivin... | 04/17/2007 |
| 7202456 | Gain stabilization apparatus and methods for spectral gamma ray measurement systems Apparatus and methods for measuring gamma ray energy spectra wherein the gain of the measurement system is continuously and automatically adjusted to a standard gain. Gain of the system is controlled automatically through analysis of the measured energy spectra. Alt... | 04/10/2007 |
| 7198633 | Light/electric probe system and method A stimulation probe system includes a light integrating chamber with a reflecting inner surface. A plurality of LEDs is mounted to introduce emitted light into the light integrating chamber. Each LED produces a different wavelength of light with the plurality of LED... | 04/03/2007 |
| 7170606 | Multi-way LED-based surface reflectance sensor and spectrophotometer A light sensor circuit based on direct connection of LEDs to I/O pins of a microcontroller. The LEDs are reverse biased and the parasitic junction capacitance is charged in an output mode. Then, the I/O pins placed into an high-impedance input mode. The time for the... | 01/30/2007 |
| 7151263 | Radiation detector and method of manufacture thereof A solid-state imaging element 2 having a light-receiving portion where a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 21 are arranged, and electrode pads 22 electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion elements 21 is mounted o... | 12/19/2006 |
| 7151217 | Organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices with transparent electrodes An organic photosensitive optoelectronic device optimized to enhance desired characteristics such as external quantum efficiency is described. The photosensitive optoelectronic device has at least two transparent electrodes and one or more organic photoconductive la... | 12/19/2006 |
| 7140784 | Rosa alignment using DC or low frequency optical source Methods and apparatus for alignment of TO cans with photodiodes on fiber-optic receptacles. The methods and apparatus make use of direct connections to photodiodes or connections to Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) outputs to align TO cans in fiber-optic re... | 11/28/2006 |
| 7140574 | Inertial position target measuring systems and methods Systems and methods for contiguously and accurately updating target object information during an entire target engagement period are provided. The target tracking system includes a database for storing starfield information, an optical beam source configured to illu... | 11/28/2006 |
| 7126755 | Method and apparatus for labeling using diffraction grating-based encoded optical identification elements A method and apparatus for labeling an item using diffraction grating-based encoded optical identification elements 8 includes an optical substrate 10 having at least one diffraction grating 12 disposed therein. The grating 12 has one or ... | 10/24/2006 |
| 7109664 | LED light with blaze-like radiance effect This invention concerns a LED light which emits blaze-like radiance comprising a negative prop stand, with one end extending to a negative receiver which can connect to the negative power supply, a positive prop stand with one end extending to a positive receiver wh... | 09/19/2006 |
| 7106513 | Diffraction grating-based encoded particle An encoded particle 8 includes a particle substrate 10; at least a portion of the substrate having at least one diffraction grating disposed therein, the grating having a resultant refractive index variation at a grating location, the grating being emb... | 09/12/2006 |
| 7033655 | Laminated glazing and means for its peripheral sealing The present invention relates to a laminated glazing which has first and second substrates with peripheral edges, an active system disposed between the substrates, and at least two peripheral seals that run contiguously from the first and second substrates. ... | 04/25/2006 |
| 7025498 | System and method of measuring thermal expansion A chuck having a high specific stiffness and high thermal conductivity compared to conventional chucks, with an apparatus for measuring thermal expansion in the chuck. High specific stiffness allows for a higher control bandwidth and improved scanning performance. H... | 04/11/2006 |
| 6969843 | Light standard for microscopy The disclosed light standard system provides flat field illumination through the use of an integrating light chamber which is in communication with a microprocessor. The light chamber has at least one high performance light source, such as LED's, recessed within the... | 11/29/2005 |
| 6930769 | Optical sensor module tester A method and apparatus are provided for testing a photodetector (20) that has a narrow field of view (A) and an alignment surface (50), to determine whether the field of view and the axis (52) of the field of view are precisely what is expected ... | 08/16/2005 |
| 6928386 | High-resolution optical encoder with phased-array photodetectors Embodiments of high-resolution optical encoders having phased-array photodetectors and integrated on semiconductor chips. Emitters, detectors, and encoders disks are described which can be easily produced with semiconductor processes, such as a detector array provid... | 08/09/2005 |
| 6899849 | Integrated sensor An integrated optical chip device for molecular diagnostics comprising a tunable laser cavity sensor chip using heterodyned detection at the juncture of a sensor laser and a reference laser, and including a microfluid chip to which the sensor chip is flip-chip bonde... | 05/31/2005 |
| 6885007 | Radiation detection apparatus A radiation detection system has a linear array of radiation detectors, which are preferably ionization chambers. The detectors are connected, preferably permanently, to a multi-channel signal processor through a flexible multi-conductor shielded cable. The multi-ch... | 04/26/2005 |
| 6831260 | Electron beam exposure apparatus, reduction projection system, and device manufacturing method A blur and image distortion of an electron beam on a sample are reduced even at a large converging angle of the electron beam. A reduction projection optical system (120) has an immersion lens (108) on the image plane (wafer 111) side. A collima... | 12/14/2004 |
| 6774891 | Transcription system A transcription system, for determining a position of a stylus relative to a writing surface by receiving supersonic wave transmitted from the stylus when the stylus is positioned adjacent the writing surface, has a pair of supersonic wave detectors provided on a wh... | 08/10/2004 |
| 6670624 | Ion implanter in-situ mass spectrometer An apparatus for the in-situ detection of ions in a beam of an ion implanter device includes a mass spectrometer device having inner and outer walls and, a system for generating and directing an ion implant beam through the mass spectrometer device. The m... | 12/30/2003 |
| 6646243 | Nucleic acid reading and analysis system A method and apparatus for preparation of a substrate containing a plurality of sequences. Photoremovable groups are attached to a surface of a substrate. Selected regions of the substrate are exposed to light so as to activate the selected areas. A monom... | 11/11/2003 |