Did You Know...
...that one person who claimed to be the inventor of the television is Russian emigre Vladimir Zworykin? In 1929 David Sarnoff, founder of RCA, asked Zworykin what it would take to develop TV for commercial use. He said: a year and a half and $100,000. In reality, it took 20 years and $50 million! Before his death in 1982 at the age of 92, Zworykin said of his invention: "The technique is wonderful. It is beyond my expectations. But the programs! I would never let my children even come close to this thing."
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7270172 | Process for casting a metal This invention relates to an improved process for casting a metal by pouring molten metal into and around a casting assembly, where a riser containing a sleeve is a component of the casting assembly. The process comprises (a) inserting a riser insert into the cavity... | 09/18/2007 |
| 7270171 | Evaporative foam risers with exothermic topping This invention consists of the use of an evaporative foam riser made with expanded polystyrene and with a cavity on top that contains an exothermic mixture. The reaction of the exothermic material, which is set off when it comes in contact with the metal, prolongs t... | 09/18/2007 |
| 6419004 | Mold or wide cross section for the hot-top vertical continuous casting of metals A mold for hot-top vertical continuous casting of metals includes a feed head (8) made of a thermally insulating refractory material which surmounts a cooled copper crystallizer (9) and is internally aligned with a cooled copper element (14) of the cooled... | 07/16/2002 |
| 5299625 | Riser sleeve with breaker core A riser sleeve with a breaker core comprises a sectionally V-shaped riser sleeve having a bottom opening and a breaker core having a central opening and attached to the bottom of the riser sleeve. The inner diameter D3 of the central opening of... | 04/05/1994 |
| 5180506 | Hot top lining assembly for ingot moulds A hot top lining assembly for an ingot mould or for an ingot mould head box is made up of four boards of refractory material and fixed together by means of a guide bar incorporated in a wedge-shaped portion in the lateral edge of one of the boards mating ... | 01/19/1993 |
| 4809946 | Hot top with sealing angle bar The hot top utilizes an integral angle iron structure connected to the hot top for avoiding seal leaks of molten metal through the space between the bottom portion of the hot top and the top of the mold wall. By providing the angle iron structure with a p... | 03/07/1989 |
| 4779669 | Feeder sleeves A feeder sleeve (1') for use in the casting of molten metal has a cavity (8) whose cross-sectional area at the bottom of the cavity (8) is greater than the cross-sectional area at the top of the cavity (8) such that a line joining a point (11.1) on the in... | 10/25/1988 |
| 4721278 | Lightweight reusable hot top A reusable hot top includes a shell having an aperture therethrough providing an inner wall. The shell has an upper end portion and a lower end portion which seats on a mold. A liner comprised of an insulating material is positioned in the aperture and is... | 01/26/1988 |
| 4694884 | Molten metal casting and feeder sleeves for use therein Molten metal is cast in a mould having a feeder cavity, which may be defined by a feeder sleeve, whose surface has a plurality of elongate projections or ribs spaced apart around its perimeter, the number and dimensions of the ribs being such that the vol... | 09/22/1987 |
| 4643387 | Formwork system A formwork system (10) comprising frame elements (11), posts (12) for arrangement between the frame elements if necessary locking means (21), together with formwork sides (13). The frame elements are designed with longitudinal grooves (15) and/or keys at ... | 02/17/1987 |
| 4582112 | Weight-controlled casting of fully-killed steel ingots In the ingot casting of killed-steel steels, insulative walled reservoirs known as hot-tops are employed at the top of the mold to maintain a source of molten steel which can feed the shrinkage cavity that forms during solidification of the ingot. Present... | 04/15/1986 |
| 4546952 | Ingot mold with hot top board assembly A disposable hot top board includes a compressible seal positioned along the outer surface of the board to form a seal between the bottom of the board and the mold wall. In a preferred form, the disposable hot top board comprises an insulating or exotherm... | 10/15/1985 |
| 4526338 | High pressure molding riser A casting riser including a top support member and an internal support member to receive the high pressure molding forces to enable the casting riser to withstand the high pressure molding forces.... | 07/02/1985 |
| 4515341 | Ingot mould having a hot-top inside the upper part of the mould The ingot mould comprises a hot-top positioned inside the upper part of the mould and comprising an inner wall formed by at least one plate of a material capable of withstanding contact with a molten metal poured into the ingot mould, without being melted... | 05/07/1985 |
| 4462834 | Ladle covering compound The exposed surface of a molten metal, ferrous or non-ferrous in a ladle is covered by an expanding insulating ladle covering compound that is capable of absorbing and removing non-metallic inclusions in a predictable volume. The compound includes burnt l... | 07/31/1984 |
| 4431158 | Controlled rotation self-inverting hot top casing A hot top casing for cooperation with an ingot mold body is provided having a depending portion from which a pair of trunnions extend away from the casing and a second pair of trunnions extend toward said casing whereby each of said pairs are displaced ve... | 02/14/1984 |
| 4354658 | Hot top construction A hot top consists of a number of sheets of insulating fibrous material. The principally vertical walls of the hot top consist of a number of sheets located close to and joined to one another. When the hot top is placed in an ingot mould, these sheets cov... | 10/19/1982 |
| 4352482 | Hot tops A hot top lining for use in casting metal ingots is positioned in the mouth of the mould or in a head box at the top of the mould and comprises a plurality of refractory, heat-insulating lining slabs at least one of which has, at its outward-facing surfac... | 10/05/1982 |
| 4330922 | Assembly and method of attaching to ingot mold A novel hot top mounting method is disclosed for use in attaching insulation to the upper interior portion of an ingot mold. The mounting method comprises (1) applying a plurality of thin steel mounting straps to the insulation and suspending the insulati... | 05/25/1982 |
| 4285491 | Sectional hot top A hot top for an ingot mold has a plurality of sections mateable along adjoining edges. The sections include two diametrically opposed lift sections engageable by a crane for transporting the hot top and an intermediate section fitting between correspondi... | 08/25/1981 |
| 4261750 | Improved exothermic anti-piping composition An exothermic anti-piping composition of the type which is formed of a refractory heat-insulating material, an exothermic compound, and an expanding media, and wherein the expanding media is predominantly either vermiculite ore or perlite ore along with l... | 04/14/1981 |
| 4244552 | Corner wedging consumable hot top A corner wedging consumable hot top for ingot molds is formed of four side board sections and four corner wedges made of a combustible consumable material capable of being wedged in opposed relation within an ingot mold so that the hot top formed thereby ... | 01/13/1981 |
| 4240496 | Heat-insulating articles The invention provides shaped, refractory, heat-insulating articles, for use in a metallurgical vessel, comprising particulate refractory material, binder and particulate de-fibred bagasse or the like. The articles may be made by mixing the ingredients, p... | 12/23/1980 |
| 4188010 | Casting risers An improved casting riser is provided of two different materials, an upper portion having a low thermal conductivity for retaining the heat of the metal in the riser liner and a lower portion having a high thermal conductivity to allow transfer of heat be... | 02/12/1980 |
| 4186908 | Expandable hot top for ingot moulds An expandable hot top for use in ingot moulds has six panels hinged to one another, two pairs of which are arranged to be folded inward with accordion-like folds for simplified placement and registry within the ingot mould and to form a compact flat form ... | 02/05/1980 |
| 4141406 | Breaker cores A breaker core for use in metal casting is described. The core is located in a casting mould between a riser and the cavity corresponding to the casting. The core consists of a base having an aperture (which defines a neck between the casting and the soli... | 02/27/1979 |
| 4131152 | Feeding unit for a casting A feeding unit comprising a breaker core and a riser sleeve. In a first embodiment the breaker core has a thickness of 10% of the diameter of the riser sleeve and the opening in the breaker core is from 20% to 35% of the riser sleeve diameter. In another ... | 12/26/1978 |
| 4121805 | Self adjusting consumable hot top for ingot molds A self adjusting consumable hot top is formed of a pair of bendable shape adjusting sections of a combustible consumable material capable of being wedged into opposed relation in an ingot mold so that the hot top conforms with the shape of the cavity in t... | 10/24/1978 |
| 4119468 | Particulate metallurgical hot topping compositions and method of use Preparation of particulate metallurgical hot topping compositions that react in situ to form a protective cover over the exposed surface of as-cast ingots. The compositions consist essentially of 9 to 33 percent by weight of oxidizing constituents, 40 to ... | 10/10/1978 |
| 4081168 | Hot top lining slabs and sleeves Flexible hot topping liners having improved properties comprise refractory, deformable, self-supporting, fibrous liners which have, in their dry condition, flexibility, restitution and droop characteristics within certain defined ranges. In the preferred ... | 03/28/1978 |
| 4081020 | Mould assemblies for use in casting molten metals A mould assembly for casting molten metal which comprises a book mould, the upper parts of the walls of the upwardly open cavity of which are lined with hot top lining material and wherein extending across the width of the cavity there are one or more bri... | 03/28/1978 |
| 4046187 | Process of manufacturing killed steel ingots of superior quality A process of manufacturing killed steel ingots of superior quality by forming the sound hot top portion and reducing the concentration of nonmetallic inclusion in the mushy zone of ingot bottom, characterized by arranging on the molten steel surface immed... | 09/06/1977 |
| 4042206 | Monoblock hot tops with aligned fibrous material A heat-insulating and retaining molding for hot tops of a hollow monoblock type for placing on the upper end of a ingot mold at the time of making steel ingots, characterized by the construction of a hollow monoblock molding having homogeneous composition... | 08/16/1977 |
| 4012262 | Manufacture of thermally-insulating, refractory articles A composition for use in the manufacture of thermally insulating, refractory articles, containing particulate refractory material and from 1 to 20 percent by weight of fibrous organic material, for example paper fibers and/or cardboard fibers, is made wit... | 03/15/1977 |
| 3975200 | Moulding for the heat retention of feeder head in casting molten metals A moulding for the heat retention of feeder head top surface in casting molten metals is based on a mixture consisting of charcoal and a binder, and said charcoal is laminated with directional properties in the lateral direction. If circumstances require,... | 08/17/1976 |
| 3958998 | Hot top lining slabs and sleeves Flexible hot topping liners having improved properties comprise refractory, deformable, self-supporting, fibrous liners which have, in their dry condition, flexibility, restitution and droop characteristics within certain defined ranges. In the preferred ... | 05/25/1976 |
