Did You Know...
...that when IBM conducted a market study of Chester Carlson's invention in 1959, the company concluded that it would take only 5000 units of his new product to saturate the market? IBM therefore declined to be part of the new product introduction. Too bad for IBM. Carlson's invention was the xerography process, and his new product was the beginning of the Xerox Corporation. It is estimated that every day, worldwide, 3,000,000,000 copies are made!!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7363973 | Method and apparatus for stimulating heavy oil production A process for the recovery of hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon bearing formation having an extraction chamber where the extraction chamber has an extraction surface. The process has the steps of heating a solvent, such as propane, and then placing the solvent into th... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7357857 | Process for extracting bitumen Bitumen extraction done using a process comprising: (a) preparing a bitumen froth comprising particulate mineral solids and hydrocarbons dispersed in aqueous lamella in the form of an emulsion; (b) adding a sufficient amount of a paraffinic solvent to the froth to i... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7338593 | Drilling fluid A drilling fluid for use in high oil viscosity formations containing tar, sand and oil entrained therein. The drilling fluid can be comprised of a polymer in an amount from between 0.05% and 5% by volume, a solvent in an amount from between 1% and 20% by volume and ... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7264711 | Process for converting oil shale into petroleum A process for converting oil shale into petroleum is disclosed. The process includes the steps of pulverizing oil shale to produce pulverized oil shale and then preparing a mixture of pulverized oil shale, water and ethyl alcohol in a sealed vessel. The mixture in t... | 09/04/2007 |
| 6156946 | Biological activation of aromatics for chemical processing and/or upgrading of aromatic compounds, petroleum, coal, resid, bitumen and other petrochemical streams The present invention is a process for transforming aromatic organic compounds and resource materials. The process includes the steps of contacting an organic material selected from the group consisting of single and/or multi-ring aromatic compounds and a... | 12/05/2000 |
| 6036849 | Process for the removal of hydrocarbons from soils A method of removing hydrocarbons from soils contaminated with various hydrocarbons such as gasoline, diesel fuel, solvents, motor oil and crude oil. The process first screens the soil to remove oversized rocks and debris and to reduce the contaminated so... | 03/14/2000 |
| 5936134 | Method for obtaining storable products of calorific energy and synthetical oils, by processing waste rubber materials with coal A method for producing synthetical oils and storable products of calorific energy, by co-processing waste rubber materials, especially waste tires, and coal optionally in the presence of a material containing Fe as a catalyst, comprising the steps of mixi... | 08/10/1999 |
| 5856600 | Production process of depolymerized natural rubber Described is a process for the production of depolymerized natural rubber, which makes it possible to obtain, at high reaction efficiency, of depolymerized natural rubber in the liquid form and having a narrow molecular weight distribution; and also a pro... | 01/05/1999 |
| 5811607 | Composite shingle particle salvage system A process and apparatus for the recovery of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon containing composite materials, particularly roofing materials including asphalt and solid components to recover asphalt and the solid components. The process includes the steps of:... | 09/22/1998 |
| 5573556 | Conversion of solid carbonaceous material using polyoxoanions A process for the conversion of solid carbonaceous materials, such as coal, to liquid products using one or more polyoxoanions selected from those represented by: [(Cn H2n+1)4 N]a Mb Oc Hd | 11/12/1996 |
| 5496464 | Hydrotreating of heavy hydrocarbon oils in supercritical fluids A process is described for hydrotreating a heavy hydrocarbon oil containing a substantial portion of material which boils above 524° C. to form lower boiling materials, which comprises adding to the heavy hydrocarbon oil as solvent a paraffinic, isoparaf... | 03/05/1996 |
| 5492618 | Recovery of hard acids and soft bases from decomposed coal An improved process for recovering hard acids and soft bases used to decompose coal in which finely divided coal particles are contacted with a hard acid in the presence of a soft base at temperatures of from 0° to 100° C., said hard acid being characte... | 02/20/1996 |
| 5489376 | Recovery of hard acids and soft bases from decomposed coal An improved process for recovering hard acids and soft bases used to decompose coal in which finely divided coal particles are contacted with a hard acid in the presence of a soft base at temperatures of from 0° to 100° C., said hard acid being characte... | 02/06/1996 |
| 5489377 | Recovery of hard acids and soft bases from decomposed coal An improved process for recovering hard acids and soft bases used to decompose coal in which finely divided coal particles are contacted with a hard acid in the presence of a soft base at temperatures of from 0° to 100° C., said hard acid being characte... | 02/06/1996 |
| 5454934 | Coal liquefaction using atomically dispersed metals A method for converting solid carbonaceous materials to liquid products. The solid carbonaceous material is first treated with a aqueous composition of a metal carbonate or bicarbonate. This results in the metal being atomically dispersed in the carbonace... | 10/03/1995 |
| 5368723 | Method of and apparatus of producing low boiling point hydrocarbon oil from waste plastics or waste rubbers Waste plastics are heated so as to be thermally decomposed and produce a vapor product containing oil and gas components. The vapor product is brought into contact with a solid acid catalyst containing a hydrochloric acid as a decomposing activator to be ... | 11/29/1994 |
| 5360537 | Apparatus and method for retorting oil shale and like materials A continuously operable combustion-type retort apparatus includes an insulated retort. A preheater is preferably associated with the retort for preheating incoming material, and means are preferably provided for injecting acetic acid and steam into the in... | 11/01/1994 |
| 5338442 | Process for converting and upgrading organic resource materials in aqueous environments The invention is a process for the aqueous conversion and upgrading of organic resource materials carried out by contacting organic resource materials selected from the group consisting of coal, shale, coal liquids, shale oil, and bitumen with liquid wate... | 08/16/1994 |
| 5336395 | Liquefaction of coal with aqueous carbon monoxide pretreatment This invention is directed to a staged process for producing liquids from coal or similar carbonaceous feeds combining a pretreatment stage and a liquefaction stage. In the process, the feed is reacted with carbon monoxide and water at an elevated tempera... | 08/09/1994 |
| 5298157 | Coal depolymerization utilizing hard acid/soft base A process for depolymerizing coal at low temperatures by contacting finely divided coal with a hard acid and soft base.... | 03/29/1994 |
| 5296133 | Low ash coal products from depolymerized coal A process for preparing a low ash coal wherein coal is depolymerized at low temperature by contacting finely divided coal with a hard acid and soft base, and extracting the depolymerized coal to remove mineral contaminants.... | 03/22/1994 |
| 5294349 | Coal depolymerization and hydroprocessing A process for hydroprocessing coal to hydrocarbon oils wherein coal is depolymerized at low temperatures by contacting finely divided coal with a hard acid and soft base. The depolymerized coal is then hydroprocessed to hydrocarbon oils by forming a mixtu... | 03/15/1994 |
| 5277796 | Pretreating oil shale with organic acid to increase retorting yield and process efficiency A process for pretreating oil shale prior to retorting by contacting with an organic acid, such as formic and acetic acids, at temperatures below about 100° C. for a period of time sufficient to react at least a portion of the oil shale carbonates and se... | 01/11/1994 |
| 5256278 | Direct coal liquefaction process An improved multistep liquefaction process for organic carbonaceous mater which produces a virtually completely solvent-soluble carbonaceous liquid product. The solubilized product may be more amenable to further processing than liquid products produced ... | 10/26/1993 |
| 5248413 | Process for removing sulfur and producing enhanced quality and environmentally acceptable products for energy production from coal A process for producing enhanced quality adsorbent carbons and environmentally acceptable materials for energy production from coal includes an initial step of physically cleaning the coal to remove organic sulfur and mineral tailings. Next, a coal slurry... | 09/28/1993 |
| 5200063 | Coal hydroconversion process comprising solvent enhanced pretreatment with carbon monoxide This invention is directed to a staged process for producing liquids from coal or similar carbonaceous feeds combining a pretreatment stage and a liquefaction stage. In the process, the feed is dispersed in an organic solvent and reacted with carbon monox... | 04/06/1993 |
| 5151173 | Conversion of coal with promoted carbon monoxide pretreatment This invention is directed to a process for pretreating coal preliminary to a primary liquefaction or hydroconversion block. In the process, a coal feed, slurried in a solvent, is reacted with carbon monoxide in the presence of a chemical promoter at an e... | 09/29/1992 |
| 5128017 | Single-step coal liquefaction process A process for the single-step coal liquefaction is disclosed, which comprises reacting coal in an aqueous suspension with carbon monoxide in the presence of a CO-conversion catalyst selected from the group consisting of an alkaline hydroxide and a carbona... | 07/07/1992 |
| 5110450 | Coal extract hydroconversion process comprising solvent enhanced carbon monoxide pretreatment An improved process for the hydroconversion of coal, wherein coal is slurried in an organic solvent and subjected to pretreatment with carbon monoxide, followed by separation of a solvent-soluble phase comprising hydrocarbon material from the coal, and su... | 05/05/1992 |
| 5091076 | Acid treatment of kerogen-agglomerated oil shale A kerogen-agglomerated oil shale is contacted with an acid-containing solution prior to economically upgrade the oil shale prior to retorting. The kerogen is agglomerated by contacting the oil shale with a two phase mixture of an organic liquid and water ... | 02/25/1992 |
| 5061363 | Method for co-processing waste rubber and carbonaceous material In a process for the co-processing of waste rubber and carbonaceous material to form a useful liquid product, the rubber and the carbonaceous material are combined and heated to the depolymerization temperature of the rubber in the presence of a source of... | 10/29/1991 |
| 5017282 | Single-step coal liquefaction process A process for the single-step coal liquefaction is disclosed, which comprises reacting coal in an aqueous suspension with carbon monoxide in the presence of a CO-conversion catalyst selected from the group consisting of an alkaline hydroxide and a carbona... | 05/21/1991 |
| 5015366 | Process and apparatus for coal hydrogenation In a coal liquefaction process an aqueous slurry of coal is prepared containing a dissolved liquefaction catalyst. A small quantity of oil is added to the slurry and then coal-oil agglomerates are prepared by agitation of the slurry at atmospheric pressur... | 05/14/1991 |
| 5013428 | Recovery of oil from a shale containing the same Enhanced recovery of oil from an oil-containing particulate shale sludge is achieved by contacting the sludge with a light hydrocarbon solvent fraction, obtained from the processing of oil derived from the shale, in the presence of water to form an oil-so... | 05/07/1991 |
| 5009770 | Simultaneous upgrading and dedusting of liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks A process of concurrently dedusting and upgrading particulate laden raw, whole retort oil is provided which comprises the steps of: retorting solid hydrocarbon-containing material such as oil shale to liberate an effluent stream of dust laden hydrocarbons... | 04/23/1991 |
| 5009772 | Solvent extraction process A solvent extraction process for separating a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock material into its various component parts. The process comprises the utilization of pressure reduction to enhance the separation and recovery of a deasphalted oil product comprising... | 04/23/1991 |
| 4954246 | Slurry-phase gasification of carbonaceous materials using ultrasound in an aqueous media A process for slurry-phase gasification of carbonaceous feedstock materials is provided wherein feedstock materials are combined with a liquid to form a feedstock slurry. Product gases are formed from the feedstock slurry in a gasifier reaction vessel in ... | 09/04/1990 |
| 4909928 | Coating of solid carbonaceous material with hydrocarbon liquid in process utilizing water containing system for receiving such carbonaceous material therethrough A process is provided wherein a carbonaceous material, such as oil shale, is coated with a hydrocarbon liquid, such as shale oil, prior to introduction of the carbonaceous material to a water containing, sealed system, through which the carbonaceous mater... | 03/20/1990 |
| 4839030 | Coal liquefaction process utilizing coal/CO2 slurry feedstream A coal hydrogenation and liquefaction process in which particulate coal feed is pressurized to an intermediate pressure of at least 500 psig and slurried with CO2 liquid to provide a flowable coal/CO2 slurry feedstream, which is furt... | 06/13/1989 |
| 4828031 | In situ chemical stimulation of diatomite formations An improved method of recovering oil from diatomite is described. A solvent is injected into the diatomite followed by an aqueous surface active solution. The aqueous surface active solution contains a diatomite/oil water wettability improving agent and a... | 05/09/1989 |
