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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8105482 | Rapid thermal processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks The present invention is directed to the upgrading of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock. The process of the present invention provides for the preparation of a partially upgraded feedstock exhibiting reduced viscosity and increased API gravity. This process reduces the vi... | 01/31/2012 |
| 7901568 | Process for converting carbon-based energy carrier material A process is disclosed process for converting a solid or highly viscous carbon-based energy carrier material to liquid and gaseous reaction products, said process comprising the steps of: a) contacting the carbon-based energy carrier material with a particulate cata... | 03/08/2011 |
| 7270743 | Products produced form rapid thermal processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks The present invention is directed to the upgrading of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock that utilizes a short residence pyrolytic reactor operating under conditions that cracks and chemically upgrades the feedstock. The process of the present invention provides for the pr... | 09/18/2007 |
| 6054043 | Process for the hydrogenation of hydro-carbonaceous materials (Carb-Mat) for the production of vaporizable products A process for the reductive hydrogenation of insufficiently hydrogenated, non-volatile carbonaceous materials to produce vaporizable products wherein the feed materials are brought into initial solution under pressure 300-500° C. with or without the addi... | 04/25/2000 |
| 5795464 | Conversion of the organic component from tar sands to lower boiling products A process for the thermal conversion of the organic component associated with tar sands to lower boiling, higher value products. The conversion is achieved by subjecting the organic component containing from about 1 to 20 wt. % native solids to elevated t... | 08/18/1998 |
| 5496465 | Vibrating bed coal pyrolysis system A vibrating bed pyrolysis system has a vibrating bed which is supplied with hot solid particles. Dry coal particles are rapidly heated by the hot solid particles to drive off hydrocarbon vapors. The vapors are condensed in a jet condenser, and products ar... | 03/05/1996 |
| 5458659 | Desulfurization of carbonaceous fuels First, nitrogen oxides are reduced by firing coal in substoichiometric air conditions in a first stage oxidation unit of a combustor to reduce NOx from fuel bound nitrogen. Hydrated lime, Ca(OH)2, is introduced into the first stage o... | 10/17/1995 |
| 5262577 | Method to convert refuse derived fuel into a combustible gas Method to convert refuse derived fuel (RDF) into a combustible gas, whereby the refuse derived fuel is gasified and the derived gas undergoes a process of catalytic cracking in which at least one alkaline additive or an equivalent product is used, the gas... | 11/16/1993 |
| 5156734 | Enhanced efficiency hydrocarbon eduction process and apparatus A system and process for educing hydrocarbons from shale. The system comprises a retort vessel which has an integral apparatus for mixing raw and recycle shale that embodies raw shale pulverizing and has an integral apparatus for finally pulverizing the r... | 10/20/1992 |
| 5073251 | Method of an apparatus for recovering oil from solid hydrocarbonaceous material A method for the recovery of oil from solid hydrocarbonaceous material and particularly from oil shale by retorting fresh feed shale and heat medium particles using a fluidized bed. The invention uses a self supporting dense phase fluidized bed in a retor... | 12/17/1991 |
| 4722783 | Conditioning of recycle shale in retorting process Burned oil shale recycled as heat transfer solids in retorting process conditioned under reducing conditions with hydrocarbon to improve product yield.... | 02/02/1988 |
| 4721560 | Static mixer retorting of oil shale Oil shale is well mixed and efficiently, effectively, and economically retorted in a special gravity flow retorting process and system which utilizes novel arrangements of internal baffles in a static mixer.... | 01/26/1988 |
| 4659456 | Process of drying and heating oil-containing solids Oil-containing solids are dried and heated by contacting them in a drying zone with superheated steam admitted to the zone at a temperature in excess of 200° C. The heated solids may be distilled to remove hydrocarbons therefrom and the resulting procedu... | 04/21/1987 |
| 4648965 | Retorting with sintered or fused solids An improved process for retorting a solid carbonaceous material at elevated temperatures wherein a portion of the spent solids withdrawn from the retort is heated to a temperature within the range from about 1600° F. to about 2400° F. and then recycled ... | 03/10/1987 |
| 4597852 | Static mixer retorting of oil shale Oil shale is well mixed and efficiently, effectively, and economically retorted in a special gravity flow retorting process and system which utilizes novel arrangements of internal baffles in a static mixer.... | 07/01/1986 |
| 4578175 | Combined process for coal pyrolysis and char gasification Finely divided coal is reacted in a combination of processes comprising flash pyrolysis and fluidized bed gasification of char from the pyrolysis. A portion of the char which is heated by the steam-oxygen gasification provides the heat for the pyrolysis s... | 03/25/1986 |
| 4521292 | Process for improving quality of pyrolysis oil from oil shales and tar sands A heavy oil fraction of pyrolysis oil vapors containing concentrated contaminants is coked on the hot mixture of pyrolyzed solids and heat transfer material in a retorting vessel provided with an inert stripping gas of a velocity sufficient to lower the d... | 06/04/1985 |
| 4495058 | Process for generating superheated steam using retorted solids Superheated steam generated by passing wet steam through a superheater containing a fluidized or partially fluidized bed of hot particulate solids recovered from a retorting process especially useful in a process for recovering hydrocarbon vapors from a h... | 01/22/1985 |
| 4481100 | Surge bin retorting solid feed material An improved surge bin for a Lurgi-Ruhrgas process has baffles which promote uniform flow of feed material through the surge bin. Improved retorting of kerogen from oil shale is obtained. Stripping gas such as steam, is supplied to the surge bin. A separat... | 11/06/1984 |
| 4477331 | Method for retorting particulate solids having recoverable volatile constituents in a rotating horizontal chamber A method and apparatus is disclosed for retorting particulate solid materials, particularly hydrocarbon-containing materials such as oil shale, oil sands, tar sands, coal shale, coal tailings, and the like, for the recovery of a volatile constituent such ... | 10/16/1984 |
| 4456525 | Process for coking contaminated pyrolysis oil on heat transfer material The heavy oil fraction of pyrolysis oil vapors containing concentrated contaminants is coked on hot heat transfer material. The coke-containing heat transfer material is then mixed with raw feed in a retorting vessel provided with an inert stripping gas o... | 06/26/1984 |
| 4438161 | Iron-containing refractory balls for retorting oil shale Iron-containing refractory balls, in a retorting process for oil shale, permit effective magnetic separation of the balls from the spent shale. These ceramic balls can be made by a process such as admixing powdered alumina and water to form an extrudable ... | 03/20/1984 |
| 4436611 | Process for heating recycle gas in oil shale retorting Recycle gas for the indirect retorting of oil shale, is heated after the oil has been recovered from the gas, utilizing the residual carbon in hot oil depleted shale. The hot oil depleted shale is charged into a vertical shaft furnace where it is combuste... | 03/13/1984 |
| 4427529 | Distilling shale oil from oil shale A method for distilling shale oil from oil shale, which comprises: supplying an oil shale together with a granular heat medium heated to a prescribed temperature in a heating furnace to a distiling furnace, where a gas containing a gaseous shale oil, hydr... | 01/24/1984 |
| 4421629 | Delayed coking and dedusting process A delayed coking and dedusting process in which dust laden heavy oil derived from solid hydrocarbon-containing material, such as oil shale, coal or tar sand, is preheated in a furnace and thermal cracked in a retort to yield light oils and middle oils. Pr... | 12/20/1983 |
| 4415432 | Hydrocarbon recovery method and apparatus Disclosed is an improved method and apparatus for the recovery of hydrocarbons from tar sands, oil shale or oil containing diatomaceous earth. The method comprises passing feed comprising tar sands, oil shale or oil containing diatomaceous earth to a cont... | 11/15/1983 |
| 4415434 | Multiple stage desalting and dedusting process A process is provided to dedust oil derived from solid hydrocarbon-containing material, such as oil shale, coal or tar sand in multi-stage desalters. In the process, water is dispersed into the oil before entering each desalter to form an emulsion. The de... | 11/15/1983 |
| 4415430 | Two-stage centrifugal dedusting process A two-stage dedusting process is provided for dedusting heavy oil derived from solid hydrocarbon-containing material, such as oil shale, coal, or tar sand. In the process, heavy oil is fed to a first centrifuge where it is separated into a purified stream... | 11/15/1983 |
| 4404086 | Radial flow retorting process with trays and downcomers Solid heat carrier material and solid hydrocarbon-containing material, such as oil shale, tar sands or coal, are deflected be conical baffles into radially moving fluid beds which alternately flow radially outwardly and inwardly over a series of trays and... | 09/13/1983 |
| 4401553 | System and method for lowered hydrogen sulfide emissions from oil shale Improved process and system for reducing the amounts of hydrogen sulfide emitted during pyrolysis of oil shale. At the elevated temperatures of oil shale pyrolysis, iron pyrite is converted to hydrogen sulfide which is emitted with the product gases and o... | 08/30/1983 |
| 4396490 | Oil shale retorting method and apparatus Disclosed is an improved method for the retorting of oil shale comprising passing feed comprising oil shale to a contacting zone wherein the feed oil shale is contacted with heat transfer medium to heat said shale to retorting temperature. Retorting of th... | 08/02/1983 |
| 4388174 | Process of recovering oil from oil-containing minerals Oil-containing materials and part of the hot burnt material which is available after the combustion of solid carbon are charged into a retorting shaft reactor and the oil-containing mineral in the mixture is heated to the retorting temperature. For a proc... | 06/14/1983 |
| 4385983 | Process for retorting oil shale mixtures with added carbonaceous material A process for retorting oil shale, especially lean oil shale, which comprises heating oil shale in a retort zone in the absence of substantial molecular oxygen to evolve hydrocarbonaceous vapors therefrom, thereby producing retorted shale; burning the ret... | 05/31/1983 |
| 4377465 | Oil shale retorting method and apparatus Disclosed is an improved method and apparatus for the retorting of oil shale and the formation of spent oil shale having improved cementation properties. The improved method comprises passing feed comprising oil shale to a contacting zone wherein the feed... | 03/22/1983 |
| 4375402 | Pyrolysis process In a process for recovery of values contained in solid carbonaceous material, the solid carbonaceous material is comminuted (10) and then subjected to pyrolysis, in the presence of a solid particulate source of heat in a pyrolysis zone, to form a pyrolysi... | 03/01/1983 |
| 4374017 | Heat flux control technique In processes for retorting oil shale using recycled heat carrying ceramic balls having a critical heat flux value, efficient operation, without heat shock damage to the balls, is obtained by operating at a weight ratio of balls to shale which is greater t... | 02/15/1983 |
| 4366046 | Size separation of oil shale particles for efficient retorting Oil shale particles separated into coarse- and fine-particle streams prior to retorting in a downward moving bed, wherein the fine particles enter the retort below the top of the fluidized bed to minimize entrainment before pyrolysis occurs.... | 12/28/1982 |
| 4341620 | Method and apparatus for processing oil shale in a rotary hearth Hydrocarbon containing oil shale is processed on the surface of a rabbled rotary hearth by mixing it with a heat exchange medium consisting of heated spent oil shale. Mixing is obtained by feeding the raw shale and the heated spent shale separately, but i... | 07/27/1982 |
| 4336126 | Process for burning retorted oil shale and improved combustor Combustor and process for burning particularized oil shale by preburning separate fine and coarse particle feedstreams prior to mixing in the main combustion zone.... | 06/22/1982 |
| 4336128 | Combustion of pyrolyzed carbon containing solids in staged turbulent bed Process for burning a pyrolyzed carbon containing solid in a staged turbulent bed to provide hot heat transfer material for use in pyrolyzing additional carbon containing solids.... | 06/22/1982 |
