"Flight by machines heavier than air is unpractical and insignificant, if not utterly impossible."
Simon Newcomb, astronomer ; Said in 1902, less than two years before the first flight at Kitty Hawk
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7317308 | System and method for measuring electric current in a pipeline A system for measuring a voltage differential in a current-carrying pipe using a propulsion vehicle for conveying the system inside the pipe. The system includes a first contact for maintaining electrical contact with the pipe as the vehicle moves through the pipe, ... | 01/08/2008 |
| 7309414 | Method for measuring localized corrosion rate with a multi-electrode array sensor A method of measuring localized corrosion, using a multi-electrode array sensor. The method eliminates the effect of internal current in corroded electrodes, and thus provides a more accurate corrosion measurement. In one embodiment, the potential of a common node o... | 12/18/2007 |
| 7242201 | Apparatus and method for detecting state of heat exchanger tube Provided is an apparatus for concurrently detecting a defect occurring in a heat exchanger tube and a geometric transition of the heat exchanger tube. The apparatus for detecting the state of a heat exchanger tube, including: the first detection unit detecting a def... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7238263 | Corrosion tester A portable, handheld, automatic protection level interpreting cathodic protection meter for testing the level of protection being afforded to metallic structures protected by either sacrificial anode or impressed current cathodic protection systems, or both. The met... | 07/03/2007 |
| 7231318 | Method for predicting degree of corrosion of weather-resistant steel A predicted corrosion amount of a painted or unpainted atmospheric corrosion resistant steel is calculated by using extrinsic corrosion information including weather observation data, an amount of airborne salt, and an amount of sulfur oxide in a planned location fo... | 06/12/2007 |
| 6946394 | Methods and systems for determining a characteristic of a layer formed on a specimen by a deposition process Methods and systems for monitoring semiconductor fabrication processes are provided. A system may include a stage configured to support a specimen and coupled to a measurement device. The measurement device may include an illumination system and a detection system. ... | 09/20/2005 |
| 6936158 | Method and apparatus for measuring accumulated and instant rate of material loss or material gain The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring accumulated and instant rate of material loss or material gain of metal elements for the detection of metal deposition (material gain) caused for example during deposition of coatings used in p... | 08/30/2005 |
| 6930255 | Printed circuit boards and method of producing the same A printed circuit board is by formed by laminating an interlaminar insulating layer on a conductor circuit of a substrate, in which the conductor circuit is comprised of an electroless plated film and an electrolytic plated film and a roughened layer is formed on at... | 08/16/2005 |
| 6921475 | Open circuit potential amperometry and voltammetry This invention provides approaches to improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N) in electrochemical measurements (e.g. amperometry, voltammetry, etc.). In particular, a method is described wherein the faradaic current is temporally dissociated from the charging current... | 07/26/2005 |
| 6911828 | Apparatus and method for detecting the degradation of a coating using embedded sensors A system and method for monitoring the effectiveness of a coating on a substrate surface and indicating the failure of the coating to adequately protect the surface from corrosion, degradation, and the like. The system includes a sensor array positioned in contact w... | 06/28/2005 |
| 6902661 | Corrosion sensor A system using tank corrosion sensors to provide for an overall assessment and monitoring of the electro-chemical corrosion and coatings condition in ships' tanks, and particularly in ships' seawater or compensated fuel tanks. The system includes reference half-cell... | 06/07/2005 |
| 6896779 | Corrosion sensor A system using tank corrosion sensors to provide for an overall assessment and monitoring of the electro-chemical corrosion and coatings condition in ships' tanks, and particularly in ships' seawater or compensated fuel tanks. The system includes reference half-cell... | 05/24/2005 |
| 6623616 | Corrosive environment monitor and methods regarding same A monitoring method and system to monitor an environment in which an object is located includes monitoring one or more environmental factors associated with corrosion of materials in the environment. Thereafter, an exposure index representative of cumulat... | 09/23/2003 |
| 6328878 | Adhesive tape sensor for detecting and evaluating coating and substrate degradation utilizing electrochemical processes A portable and nondestructive adhesive tape corrosion sensor which is utilized under actual field or laboratory conditions in detecting coating and substrate degradation using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) of coated or uncoated metal struct... | 12/11/2001 |
| 6281671 | Electrode component group for a corrosion measuring system for detecting corrosion in a metal embedded in a component made of an ion-conducting material, in particular concrete An electrode component group for a corrosion measuring system for detecting corrosion of a metal embedded in a construction component of ion-conducting material has a rod-shaped base body having a first flange member at a first end of base body and a seco... | 08/28/2001 |
| 6280602 | Method and apparatus for determination of additives in metal plating baths An apparatus and method for the indirect determination of concentrations of additives in metal plating electrolyte solutions, particularly organic additives in Cu-metalization baths for semiconductor manufacturing. The apparatus features a reference elect... | 08/28/2001 |
| 6239251 | End-functionalized aniline-based oligomers, corrosion-resistant copolymers and methods of making the same Methods of forming low molecular weight oligomers of aniline-based compounds are provided as well as methods of forming varied molecular weight oligomers and polymers that are aniline-based which are end-functionalized and capable of being reacted with ot... | 05/29/2001 |
| 6207030 | Apparatus for measuring coating quality A method and apparatus for measuring the quality, e.g., thickness, porosity, or corrosion rate, of a coating inside a hollow body having an opening. The method comprises attaching a probe from a coating measuring device to one end of an extender arm havin... | 03/27/2001 |
| 6132593 | Method and apparatus for measuring localized corrosion and other heterogeneous electrochemical processes An electrochemical method for measuring localized corrosion and other heterogeneous electrochemical processes is described. A multi-sensor electrode namely the wire beam electrode, integrated by coupling all its wire terminals together, is used to simulat... | 10/17/2000 |
| 6106693 | Method for measuring coating quality A method and apparatus for measuring the quality, e.g., thickness, porosity, or corrosion rate, of a coating inside a hollow body having an opening. The method comprises attaching a probe from a coating measuring device to one end of an extender arm havin... | 08/22/2000 |
| 6099718 | Method and device for checking and characteristics of a surface layer of a zirconium-alloy element and use for the checking of fuel rods for a nuclear reactor A sinusoidal voltage is appied to a zirconium alloy clad fuel rod. The current is measured and the impedance is determined to provide a check for the compactness and adhesion of an oxide surface layer on the fuel rod.... | 08/08/2000 |
| 6080293 | Electrolytic test machine An electrolytic test machine is used for a corrosion resistance test for a test material comprised of a metal blank and a coating film. The electrolytic test machine is constructed so that an adverse influence, due to chlorine gas generated during a test,... | 06/27/2000 |
| 6077418 | Corrosion monitoring Corrosion of a metal member under heat transfer condition is monitored by using a test coupon made of the same material as that of the metal member. The test coupon may have a welded portion and a crevice. One substantial surface of the test coupon is hea... | 06/20/2000 |
| 6054038 | Portable, hand-held, in-situ electrochemical sensor for evaluating corrosion and adhesion on coated or uncoated metal structures A hand-held and flexible corrosion sensor is described that uses electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS, also known as AC impedance) to detect coating degradation and corrosion of coated and uncoated metals. The hand-held and flexible corrosion senso... | 04/25/2000 |
| 6033554 | Corrosion resistance test process for test material comprised of metal blank and coating film A process for promoting corrosion of a test material, is provided including the steps of immersing, in an electrolytic liquid, a test material which is comprised of a metal blank and a coating film formed on the metal blank, and allowing a DC current to f... | 03/07/2000 |
| 5980711 | Electrolytic test machine An electrode is mounted in a vertical manner in an electrolytic liquid in an electrolytic cell. A harmful gas collecting hood is disposed within the electrolytic cell to cover the entire upper portion of the electrode. One end of a bottom surface of the h... | 11/09/1999 |
| 5972186 | Electrolytic test machine An electrolytic test machine includes an electrolytic cell in which an electrolytic liquid is stored so that a test material is immersed in the electrolytic liquid. An electrode is immersed in the electrolytic liquid. A DC power source supplies a current ... | 10/26/1999 |
| 5972198 | Corrosion resistance test process for article formed of metal material and coating It is an object of the present invention to provide a corrosion resistance test process, wherein the estimation of the corrosion resistance of an article formed of a metal material and a coating can be carried out synthetically and in a short time. In car... | 10/26/1999 |
| 5954940 | Method for measuring coating quality A method and apparatus for measuring the quality, e.g., thickness, porosity, or corrosion rate, of a coating inside a hollow body having an opening. The method comprises attaching a probe from a coating measuring device to one end of an extender arm havin... | 09/21/1999 |
| 5896034 | Method and apparatus for detecting and monitoring corrosion Corrosion is monitored by making a resistance measurement between a contact and an uncorroded or relatively uncorroded portion of the article to be monitored. Changes in the resistance measured are a result of the presence of a corrosion product, or the b... | 04/20/1999 |
| 5792337 | Method and apparatus for detection of corrosion A method and apparatus for sensing corrosion are provided in which an interrogation unit (14) transmits interrogation pulses and receives responses. A plurality of corrosion sensors (12) are disposed in the structure to be monitored (10), each of the sens... | 08/11/1998 |
| 5746905 | Coating evaluation system The organic coating deposited on a metallic substrate is quantitatively euated by measurement of electrical signals through an electrochemical cell having an electrode separated from the deposited coating by a porous pad within which a liquid medium is a... | 05/05/1998 |
| 5698085 | Coating analysis apparatus A coating analysis apparatus is suitable for analyzing four physical properties including the internal stress of a coating, the thickness of a coating, the current efficiency of electroplating and the corrosion rate of a coating. The apparatus comprises a... | 12/16/1997 |
| 5676820 | Remote electrochemical sensor An electrochemical sensor for remote detection, particularly useful for metal contaminants and organic or other compounds. The sensor circumvents technical difficulties that previously prevented in-situ remote operations. The microelectrode, connected to ... | 10/14/1997 |
| 5529668 | Detection of potential for corrosion of steel reinforced composite pipe This method and apparatus detects the potential for corrosion of pipes fabricated out of conductive material embedded in non-conductive material, due to contact between a conductive medium foreign to the pipe and the conductive material embedded within th... | 06/25/1996 |
| 5466349 | Potentiometric evaluation of substrate oxidation and coating porosity A fast, nondestructive, and easy to perform method of Potentiometric Evaluation of Substrate Oxidation ("PESO") is provided. A coated part to be analyzed is placed in contact with an electrolytic solution having a pH adjusted to provide an optimum oxide d... | 11/14/1995 |
| 5445719 | Corrosion control of dissimilar metals A corrosion inhibiting system for protecting joined dissimilar metals which are contacted by an electrolyte includes an anode electrode located in the electrolyte and adjacent to the less noble metal, and a cathode electrode connected to the more noble me... | 08/29/1995 |
| 5404104 | Device and method for monitoring and locating defects in, and detachment of, the protective covering of underground or immersed metal structures or pipelines A method for monitoring the state of, and for locating any detachment of, the protective covering of immersed or buried pipelines or other metal structures subjected to cathodic protection with constant current, on the basis of the overall electrical resi... | 04/04/1995 |
| 5389216 | Method for active corrosion analysis A method, for measuring the parameters of cathodic protection of the structures which are protected by electrolysis or by sacrificial anodes, comprises fixed programs for executing data acquisition and processing, measurement steps with high speed data sa... | 02/14/1995 |
| 5370776 | Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method for evaluating corrosion inhibitor performance A simple, expedient method for measuring the effectiveness of a corrosion inhibitor provided to a metallic surface by a surface layer, wherein the layer is formed by use of the corrosion inhibitor is a corrosive fluid. The method employs the measuring of ... | 12/06/1994 |