Did You Know...
...that in 1800 ether was first used by partyers as a fun diversion? Sniffing the gas led to hilarious and raucous laughter as people watched each other become more and more intoxicated and silly. Several doctors independently realized the value ether would have to anesthetize surgery patients. Of those who claimed rights to the "discovery," none had a happy ending. One had a seizure and died defending his rights. Another spent his life in an asylum because he had been denied acclaim. A third became addicted to chloroform and, in a New York City jail, he soaked a cloth in the drug, severed an artery and bled to death.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7365121 | Highly conductive thermoplastic composites for rapid production of fuel cell bipolar plates A low cost method of fabricating bipolar plates for use in fuel cells utilizes a wet lay process for combining graphite particles, thermoplastic fibers, and reinforcing fibers to produce a plurality of formable sheets. The formable sheets are then molded into a bipo... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7048843 | Method for producing metal hydroxides or alkaline metal carbonates The invention relates to a method for producing metal hydroxides or alkaline metal carbonates by anode dissolution of the corresponding metals and precipitation of the hydroxides or alkaline carbonates in an aqueous medium. The anode dissolution of the metal compone... | 05/23/2006 |
| 7048838 | Ion exchange membrane electrolyzer The invention provides an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer ensuring a satisfactory circulation of electrolyte, high electrolytic efficiency and great ridigity. An anode chamber partition in a flat sheet form is joined to a cathode chamber partition in a flat sheet... | 05/23/2006 |
| 6984669 | Fluorinated cation exchange membrane and electrolytic soda process The present invention provides a fluorinated cation exchange membrane comprising at least two layers, a first layer made of a fluoropolymer having sulfonic acid groups and a second layer made of a fluoropolymer having carboxylic acid groups on the cathode side there... | 01/10/2006 |
| 6224734 | Plant growth regulator compositions The invention provides novel mepiquat plant growth regulator compositions which have improved hygroscopicity and corrosion characteristics. The novel mepiquat plant growth regulator compositions of the invention can be readily prepared from technical mepi... | 05/01/2001 |
| 6217733 | Bipolar membrane and method for fabricating such bipolar membrane A bipolar membrane, usable for electrodialysis of aqueous electrolytes, comprises two ion exchange membranes, respectively anionic and cationic, juxtaposed along a common surface, wherein, along said common surface, a gel based on hydrated metal sulpate a... | 04/17/2001 |
| 5989634 | Process of manufacturing solid oxygen ion conducting oxide layers Electrochemical vapor deposition (EVD) of oxygen ion conducting and mixed conducting, oxygen-ionic/electronic, oxide layers is achieved at near atmospheric pressure process conditions by employing metals and metal compounds for removal and/or recovery of ... | 11/23/1999 |
| 5833832 | Preparation of onium hydroxides in an electrochemical cell A process is described for preparing onium hydroxides from the respective onium salts and for purifying onium hydroxides in an electrochemical cell. In one example, the present invention relates to a process for preparing onium hydroxides from the corresp... | 11/10/1998 |
| 5716504 | Cation exchange membrane for electrolysis and process for producing potassium hydroxide of high purity A cation exchange membrane for electrolysis, which comprises at least 2 layers of fluorine-containing polymer films having sulfonic acid groups, wherein a first layer facing a cathode is made of a three component polymer of the following monomers (A), (B)... | 02/10/1998 |
| 5709786 | Sintered solid electrolyte having a high oxygen-ion conductivity A sintered layer system, includes an ion-conductive solid electrolyte layer which has a high oxygen ion conductivity and which is comprised of a solid electrolyte material comprising at least one oxide of tetravalent metals and at least one stabilizer oxi... | 01/20/1998 |
| 5660709 | Electrochemical process and device for the production of metallic hydroxides and/or metallic-oxide hydroxides The invention concerns an electrochemical process for the production of mllic hydroxides and/or metallic-oxide hydroxides from metal ions and hydroxide ions, as well as a device for carrying out the process. The metallic hydroxide and/or metallic-oxide h... | 08/26/1997 |
| 5624542 | Enhancement of mechanical properties of ceramic membranes and solid electrolytes Enhancement of mechanical properties of ceramic membranes by introduction of a uniformly distributed high-temperature oxidation-resistant metal phase into the brittle ceramic phase to achieve mechanically strong ceramic/metal composites operable in an oxi... | 04/29/1997 |
| 5616223 | Mixed ionic-electronic conducting composites for oxygen separation and electrocatalysis Composite ceramic mixed ionic and electronic conducting materials having high ambipolar activity which can be fabricated into thin membranes for high efficiency oxygen separation from air at intermediate temperatures. The mixed conducting materials have c... | 04/01/1997 |
| 5358609 | Electrolytic production of hydrogen peroxide using bipolar membranes A method and apparatus for producing hydrogen peroxide in caustic solution utilizing an electrolytic cell having electrolytes, preferably, alkaline in both anode and cathode compartments separated by a bipolar membrane which splits water into hydrogen ion... | 10/25/1994 |
| 5308455 | Process for the manufacture of sodium hydroxide Process for the manufacture of sodium hydroxide, according to which an electrodialysis cell is used, water or an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (10, 10') is introduced into a chamber (6, 6') of the cell, defined between a cationic membrane (2, 2') and ... | 05/03/1994 |
| 5273628 | Mixed ionic-electronic conductors for oxygen separation and electrocatalysis Mixed oxygen ion and electronic conducting bismuth oxide based ceramic materials having high ambipolar activity which can be fabricated into thin membranes for high efficiency oxygen separation from air at intermediate temperatures. The ceramic materials ... | 12/28/1993 |
| 5198080 | Electrochemical processing of aqueous solutions The formation of sodium sulfate by-product in sulfuric acid-based chlorine dioxide generating processes is decreased and preferably eliminated entirely, by effecting electrochemical treatment of sodium ion-containing feed materials for the generator to re... | 03/30/1993 |
| 5096547 | Preparation of chromic acid using bipolar membranes The invention relates to a process for the preparation of alkali metal dichromates and chromic acid by the electrolysis of monochromate and/or dichromate solutions in a multi-chamber cell, wherein the anode chamber is shielded from the solution of chromat... | 03/17/1992 |
| 4959132 | Preparing in situ electrocatalytic films in solid polymer electrolyte membranes, composite microelectrode structures produced thereby and chloralkali process utilizing the same Disclosed is a process for fabricating a thin, porous, electronically conductive, high-surface area film proximate the surface of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane. The film has highly desirable characteristics as a surface electrode. Films may be form... | 09/25/1990 |
| 4950368 | Method for paired electrochemical synthesis with simultaneous production of ethylene glycol Paired electrochemical synthesis reactions in which ethylene glycol is formed at the cathode of a membrane divided cell at high concentrations and current efficiencies, up to 99 percent. Simultaneously, a compatible process is also conducted at the anode ... | 08/21/1990 |
| 4915927 | Production of chloric acid Chloric acid is produced in an electrolytic-electrodialytic process in which chlorate ions from a sodium chlorate solution are transferred through an anion-exchange membrane to combine with electrolytically-produced hydrogen ions in a compartment of a cel... | 04/10/1990 |
| 4670109 | Process for the preparation of isoxazoles Process for the preparation of isoxazoles by anodic oxidation of alpha,beta-unsaturated oximes, both in heterogeneous and homogeneous phase.... | 06/02/1987 |
| 4417960 | Novel electrolyzer and process A bipolar diaphragm or membrane electrolyzer comprising a housing containing an end anode element, an end cathode element and a plurality of bipolar elements with their major dimensions lying in a substantially vertical plane and comprised of a bipolar wa... | 11/29/1983 |
| 4391680 | Preparing alkali metal hydroxide by water splitting and hydrolysis A two-compartment water splitter having alternating cation and bipolar membranes is used to remove alkali metal cations from an aqueous alkali metal chloride solution so as to produce an acidified salt solution. The coproduct is a base such as NaOH or KOH... | 07/05/1983 |
| 4273629 | Solid polymer electrolyte chlor-alkali process and electrolytic cell Disclosed is a bipolar unit for a solid polymer electrolyte bipolar electrolyzer. Also disclosed is a bipolar unit for a solid polymer electrolyte bipolar electrolyzer having reagent feed and product recovery means incorporated therein. Additionally, ther... | 06/16/1981 |
