Did You Know...
...that in 1800 ether was first used by partyers as a fun diversion? Sniffing the gas led to hilarious and raucous laughter as people watched each other become more and more intoxicated and silly. Several doctors independently realized the value ether would have to anesthetize surgery patients. Of those who claimed rights to the "discovery," none had a happy ending. One had a seizure and died defending his rights. Another spent his life in an asylum because he had been denied acclaim. A third became addicted to chloroform and, in a New York City jail, he soaked a cloth in the drug, severed an artery and bled to death.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8048279 | Method and apparatus for electrocoagulation of liquids An electrocoagulation treatment device includes a plurality of spaced reaction plates disposed within a reaction chamber. A voltage is applied to selected reaction plates to create an electrical field within the electrocoagulation chamber. The plates are arranged ve... | 11/01/2011 |
| 7373276 | Quantitative evaluation of emulsion stability based on critical electric field measurements A method for quantitative evaluation of emulsion stability using Critical Electric Field (CEF) determinations over a range of conditions, such as a range of temperatures, demulsifier compositions, or demulsifier concentrations. The method includes determining the CE... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7252752 | Method and apparatus for removing contaminants from conduits and fluid columns A method and apparatus for contaminant separation utilizes an interleaved array of oppositely charged electrode plates for fluid treatment. Spacing between the parallel electrode plates is graduated so that the volume of the cavities between the opposing electrodes ... | 08/07/2007 |
| 7211185 | Method and apparatus for electrocoagulation of liquids An electrocoagulation treatment device includes a plurality of spaced reaction plates disposed within a reaction chamber. A voltage is applied to selected reaction plates to create an electrical field within the electrocoagulation chamber. The plates are arranged ve... | 05/01/2007 |
| 7163624 | Electrostatic separator An electrostatic separator intended for separation of liquid phase systems, made up of mixtures of liquids of various electrical permittivity. In particular, the separator is intended for separation of an oil-and-water emulsion. The electrostatic separator contains ... | 01/16/2007 |
| 7090760 | Method of reducing spent oxide nuclear fuel into nuclear-fuel metal using LiCl-LiO salt, cathode electrode assembly used in the method, and reduction device including the assembly Disclosed are a method of reducing spent oxides nuclear fuel to nuclear-fuel metal, in which metal oxides are reduced to metals using an electrochemical reduction device with LiCl—Li2O salt as an electrolyte, a cathode electrode assembly used in the met... | 08/15/2006 |
| 7018522 | Method and apparatus for removing contaminants from conduits and fluid columns A method and apparatus for contaminant separation utilizes an interleaved array of oppositely charged electrode plates for fluid treatment. Spacing between the parallel electrode plates is graduated so that the volume of the cavities between the opposing electrodes ... | 03/28/2006 |
| 6972077 | Cells and electrodes for electrocoagulation treatment of wastewater An apparatus for treating wastewater comprising an electrocoagulation cell 100 including holding and isolating members 7, a top cell cover 17, a plurality of electrode plates E1 through E8 inserted within a sleeve 18 made of... | 12/06/2005 |
| 6932905 | Water treatment system A water treatment apparatus includes a mixing tube through which the waste water passes for mixing into the waste water a plurality of chemicals for causing flocculation of contaminants. The mixing tube is connected to a settling chamber for allowing settling of the... | 08/23/2005 |
| 6875347 | Fluid treatment system apparatus and method A fluid treatment system for reducing odor, bacteria, and biological oxygen demand from a fluid having at least one tube, a control box, and a pump. The at least one tube has a plurality of conductors in electrical communication with the control box. The control box... | 04/05/2005 |
| 6793801 | Method and apparatus for removing contaminants from conduits and fluid columns A method and apparatus for contaminant separation utilizes an interleaved array of oppositely charged electrode plates for fluid treatment. Spacing between the parallel electrode plates is graduated so that the volume of the cavities between the opposing electrodes ... | 09/21/2004 |
| 6613217 | Electrocoagulation chamber and method A stream of process liquid is treated while flowing through in a horizontally elongated chamber having an open top. Longitudinally elongated electrode blades are aligned with the longitudinal dimension of the chamber. An overhead disbursement chamber supp... | 09/02/2003 |
| 6214182 | Device for the electrochemical treatment of water or waste water by electroflocculation Disclosed is an apparatus for electrochemical treatment of waste water by electroflocculation. The apparatus uses an arrangement of electrodes and an anode scraping device, whereby the sword-shaped anode(s) are flanked by cathodes made in the same manner,... | 04/10/2001 |
| 6203710 | Liquid decontamination method and apparatus A liquid decontamination system has a liquid treatment chamber having a liquid input and output and a gas input and output. A plurality of electrodes are positioned to place a voltage across the liquid treatment chamber and the liquid therein. A plurality... | 03/20/2001 |
| 6165339 | Apparatus and method for controlling molecular cluster in fluid An apparatus is provided for treating a liquid by controlling molecular clusters in liquid in which a very narrow electric or magnetic energy field produced by at least two electrodes or magnetic poles spaced apart by less than 1 mm is applied to a liquid... | 12/26/2000 |
| 6139710 | Apparatus for electrocoagulation of liquids An electrocoagulation treatment device includes a plurality of spaced reaction plates disposed within a reaction chamber. A voltage is applied to selected reaction plates to create an electrical field within the electrocoagulation chamber. The plates are ... | 10/31/2000 |
| 5958213 | Water treatment method and apparatus for water containing oil droplets A water treating apparatus for treating water, includes: an oil drop separator for separating oil drops from water to be treated which has an electrode in which an anode is made of amphoteric metal, a power source for supplying an electric power to the el... | 09/28/1999 |
| 5783090 | Ionic water treatment system An apparatus for reducing micro-organism concentrations in a liquid having a surface has a portion of a first electrode that is disposed within the liquid. A portion of a second electrode is also disposed within the liquid. The second electrode is spaced ... | 07/21/1998 |
| 5759390 | Particle separator This invention relates to a separator device for the separation of fine particles from a contaminated liquid. The device utilizes the process of electrolysis to produce small gas bubbles which attach themselves to the fine particles and move the particles... | 06/02/1998 |
| 5718819 | Process and electrolyzer for the electrolysis of a fluid electrolyte In order to improve a process for the electrolysis of a fluid electrolyte containing cations and anions in an electrolytic cell with a cathode and an anode located opposite the cathode such that primary energy not present in an electrical form, in particu... | 02/17/1998 |
| 5538611 | Planar, flow-through, electric, double-layer capacitor and a method of treating liquids with the capacitor The object of the invention is to provide a flow-through, electric, double-layer capacitor providing for a high, steady rate of removal of ionic substances and amenable to commercial scale application and a method of treating fluids using the flow-through... | 07/23/1996 |
| 5494586 | Oil-water separation apparatus The present invention relates to an oil-water separation apparatus which permits oil-water separation of heavily polluted oil-water mixed liquids or mixed liquids of high viscosity oil and water, etc., to be efficiently made. The present invention consist... | 02/27/1996 |
| 5385658 | Electric field controlled emulsion phase contactor A system for contacting liquid phases comprising a column for transporting a liquid phase contacting system, the column having upper and lower regions. The upper region has a nozzle for introducing a dispersed phase and means for applying thereto a vertic... | 01/31/1995 |
| 5358614 | Method and apparatus for the removal of bioconversion of constituents of organic liquids A method and apparatus for the removal or conversion of constituents from bulk organic liquids. A countercurrent biphasic bioreactor system is utilized to disperse and recoalesce a biocatalyst contained in the aqueous liquid phase into the organic liquid ... | 10/25/1994 |
| 5338421 | Method of and apparatus for separation by agglomeration A method of separating an aqueous colloidal solution by agglomeration into water and agglomerate of colloidal particles by applying voltage to the aqueous colloidal solution to promote the agglomeration of colloidal particles. The frequency of the voltage... | 08/16/1994 |
| 5290401 | Method and a device for separating plastic particles from supensions The invention relates to a method for separating plastic particles (P) from a suspension (L), e.g. from a cellulose mass or cellulose pulp suspension, in which the fiber-floc material is broken for loosening the plastic particles (P). In the method, turbu... | 03/01/1994 |
| 5122360 | Method and apparatus for the production of metal oxide powder The present invention provides a method for preparing metal oxide powder. A first solution, which is substantially organic, is prepared. A second solution, which is an aqueous solution substantially immiscible in the first solution, is prepared and delive... | 06/16/1992 |
| 5106468 | Electrophoretic separation For the electrophoretic separation of a dispersed phase or contaminant (solid, liquid, or gaseous) from a continuous liquid phase under conditions of intrinsic ionic conductivity due to intrinsic bipolar ions in the continuous phase, especially for conduc... | 04/21/1992 |
| 4981569 | Electric-field emulsion-breaking device An apparatus for effecting a coalescence in enriched aqueous solutions which contain germanium and/or arsenic is disclosed, said apparatus comprising an emulsion-breaking unit consisting of a breaking cell providing with two electrodes, which are disposed... | 01/01/1991 |
| 4804453 | Resolution of emulsions with multiple electric fields A pair of electrodes in the configuration of parallel plates represents how multiple pathways are formed through which emulsions of relative polar and relative non-polar liquids are passed. The electrode plates are comprised of materials which render the ... | 02/14/1989 |
| 4702815 | Distributed charge composition electrodes and desalting system A system for removing brine from oil well production (12) in which fresh water (50) or less saline water (50) is passed in counterflow to the oil well production (12) through electric fields established between a plurality of composite electrodes (26). Th... | 10/27/1987 |
| 4606801 | Electrostatic mixer/separator Electrodes, in the form of plates, are held parallel to each other to form passageways in which electrostatic fields are generated when the plates are charged by a source of variable voltage. The variable voltage is programmed to establish an initial elec... | 08/19/1986 |
| 4469582 | Electrically enhanced inclined plate separator The shell of a cylindrical vessel, horizontally extended, contains three compartments through which emulsions of polar and non-polar liquids are sequentially passed for separation. The heating and the electric field in the first two compartments are optio... | 09/04/1984 |
| 4417971 | Circuit for maintaining the strength of an electrostatic field generated in a fluid mixture of varying dielectric strength The electrodes between which AC and DC electrostatic fields are sustained in a liquid mixture are connected to ground potential through rectifiers arranged to maintain the strength of the DC electrostatic field as the dielectric strength of the liquid mix... | 11/29/1983 |
| 4252631 | Electrostatic coalescence system with independent AC and DC hydrophilic electrodes An improved electrostatic coalescence system is provided in which independent AC and DC hydrophilic electrodes are employed to provide more complete dehydration of an oil emulsion. The AC field is produced between an AC electrode array and the water-oil i... | 02/24/1981 |
| 4235698 | Electronic water treatment apparatus Disclosed is an electronic fluid treatment device for use in circulating fluid systems for controlling and removal of scale materials. This device includes a series of electrodes in the form of parallel metal sheets. Alternate electrodes are oppositely ch... | 11/25/1980 |
| 4200516 | Electrostatic coalescing system An electrode is fluid-coupled to the driven electrode, which is directly connected to either an AC or a DC source of potential. The driven electrode is provided with the usual ground electrode to establish the electrostatic field of a coalescing system. T... | 04/29/1980 |
| 4054501 | Method and apparatus for removal of mechanical impurities from dielectric fluids A method of removing mechanical impurities from dielectric fluids resides in that a fluid being treated is caused to flow across an electric field in a direction substantially perpendicular to the collection surfaces of electrodes which create the electri... | 10/18/1977 |
| 4052289 | Apparatus for electrostatically purifying non-conductive liquid An apparatus for electrostatically purifying non-conductive liquids is disclosed and includes a tank; anode and cathode plates disposed in an interleaved opposed relationship within the tank; a conduit for introducing liquid to be treated into the tank, t... | 10/04/1977 |
| 4049535 | Electrical treater with a.c-d.c. electrical fields An electrical field treater for resolving an emulsion formed of a continuous oil phase containing a dispersed water phase with grading a.c.-d.c. electric fields. The treater comprises a metal vessel having an emulsion inlet and outlets to remove the purif... | 09/20/1977 |
