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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7311799 | Hydrofluoric acid wastewater treatment method and device The invention provides a hydrofluoric acid wastewater treatment method that achieves efficient recovery of hydrofluoric acid from hydrofluoric acid wastewater and also achieves sufficient reduction in the hydrofluoric acid concentration of the dehydrofluorinated wat... | 12/25/2007 |
| 7297245 | Electrokinetic methods and apparatus for collection of ionic contaminants An electrokinetic method and apparatus for discretely collecting ionic contaminants from a variety of media, with an ionic current there across in which an ion collection compartment has been positioned. Each compartment preferably compromises of an anion or cation ... | 11/20/2007 |
| 7108784 | Apparatus for removal and destruction of ammonia from an aqueous medium Methods and apparatuses are provided for the removal and destruction of ammonia from an aqueous medium. The methods and apparatuses include the removal of ammonia from an aqueous medium by contact with either natural or synthetic zeolite. The spent zeolite is re-gen... | 09/19/2006 |
| 7105087 | Hexa-valent chromium removal from aqueous media using ferrous-form zeolite materials Systems and methods are provided for the removal and disposal of chromium form an aqueous medium. The systems and methods include the removal of chromium from a source by contact with either natural or synthetic zeolite that has been modified with a ferrous ion or o... | 09/12/2006 |
| 7050146 | Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method An immersion lithographic apparatus includes a voltage generator or power source that applies a potential difference to an object in contact with the immersion liquid such that bubbles and/or particles in the immersion liquid are either attracted or repelled from th... | 05/23/2006 |
| 6998044 | Electrophoretic cross-flow filtration and electrodeionization: method for treating effluent waste and apparatus for use therewith The present invention provides a method and apparatus for purifying effluent wastewater utilizing electrophoretic cross-flow filtration and electrodeionization. The method first comprises filtering the water in a cross-flow direction with a filter membrane (120 | 02/14/2006 |
| 6458277 | Method and apparatus for cleaning products containing heavy metals The invention uses the electro-kinetic principle for a method for the cleaning of materials contaminated with heavy metals, whereby use is made of an apparatus comprising two charge-selective ion-exchange membranes with different charges combined with an ... | 10/01/2002 |
| 6193867 | Management of soil conditions and electroosmotic flow in electrokinetic remediation Methods for controlling electroosmotic flow through a porous medium by applying an electric field between a plurality of electrodes positioned in a porous medium, supplying an acid solution to at least one of the electrodes and/or the soil, and supplying ... | 02/27/2001 |
| 5725752 | Electrokinetic decontamination of land A method is provided for the electrokinetic decontamination of land or other material comprising soil in which a direct current is applied between at least one cathode (2) and at least one anode (4) positioned in or on said soil. The anode (4) is a carbon... | 03/10/1998 |
| 5656144 | Ion emplasement in soil with chim electrodes An apparatus and method for soil remediation replaces specific ions in the soil electrochemically, using a DC voltage source and special multicompartment anodes and cathodes, each comprising an inner compartment containing electrolyte and a submerged elec... | 08/12/1997 |
| 5240579 | Electrodialysis reversal process and apparatus with bipolar membranes Water softening by a combination of electrodialysis and calcium carbonate precipitation. The hard feed water or alternatively recycled soft water is rendered alkaline and is then subjected to a treatment by which precipitation of calcium carbonate is indu... | 08/31/1993 |
| 5190628 | Method and apparatus for removing ions from soil A method and apparatus for selectively removing species of ions from an area of soil. Permeable membranes 14 and 18 impregnated with an ion exchange resin that is specific to one or more species of chemical ions are inserted into ground 12 in close proxim... | 03/02/1993 |
| 4759835 | Method for discharging cake formed on an electrode structure A method and apparatus for discharging a cake of suspended solids formed on an electrode structure, the electrode structure comprising an electrode, a membrane wall, an electrolyte chamber formed by the membrane wall, and means for increasing the pressure... | 07/26/1988 |
| 4670118 | Electrode assembly and process for electrically augmented vacuum filtration An electrode assembly for use in dewatering a suspension of solids in which an electric field augments an applied vacuum includes a chamber having walls comprising an ion exchange membrane on which a cake of solids is deposited and an electrode element wi... | 06/02/1987 |
| 4639300 | Method and apparatus for electrofiltration This invention relates to a system and method for rapidly and efficiently dewatering or separating particles by electrofiltration in which the suspension of solids is first demineralized. The suspension of solids may be demineralized by electrodialysis, dialys... | 01/27/1987 |
| 4569739 | Electrofilter using an improved electrode assembly A system and method for dewatering or separating particles from a liquid or a colloidal suspension which comprises the use of an electrofilter with separated, submerged electrodes wherein the electrode used for collecting the solid particles comprises an ... | 02/11/1986 |
| 4557815 | Method of concentrating silka in an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution The ratio of silica to alkali in silicate liquors is increased, for example to convert alkaline grades to neutral grades, by passing the liquors through an electrodialysis stack comprising alternating cation exchange membranes and bipolar membranes mounte... | 12/10/1985 |
| 4556465 | Method of concentrating silica in an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution The ratio of silicate to alkali in silicate liquors is increased, for example to convert alkaline grades to neutral grades, by passing the liquors through an electrodialysis stack comprising alternating anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membran... | 12/03/1985 |
| 4556466 | Method of concentrating silica in an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution The ratio of silica to alkali in silicate liquors is increased, for example to convert alkaline grades to neutral grades, by passing the liquor through an electrodialysis stack comprising spaced ion-exchange membranes mounted between an anode and a cathod... | 12/03/1985 |
| 4508607 | Particulate dialytic silica Finely divided particulate silica is prepared by the electrodialysis of sodium silicate solution in the presence of silica-containing nucleation particles (seeds). The novel particulate silica product, herein referred to as dialytic silica, may be used in... | 04/02/1985 |
| 4468306 | Biodic electrofiltration An electrically augmented vacuum filtration apparatus and process wherein a suspension of solids is dewatered in a bath located between electrodes of opposite polarity with intermediate biodes (a biode being in a sense a combined anode and cathode structu... | 08/28/1984 |
| 4410405 | Silica sol process Concentrated aqueous silica sols of small silica particles about 10 nm or less in diameter and uniformly sized are prepared by a process for maintaining a constant number of silica nuclei particles prior to the deposition process. The process for maintain... | 10/18/1983 |
| 4389293 | Process for the recovery of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride from aqueous solutions of fluosilicic acid and hydrogen fluoride An electrodialytic distillative process for recovery of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride from an aqueous solution of fluosilicic acid and hydrogen fluoride wherein the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in said solution is such that hydrogen fluoride cannot be... | 06/21/1983 |
| 4312729 | Dewatering with electrically augmented vacuum filter A perm-selective membrane is used in an electrokinetic cell of an electrically augmented vacuum filter (EAVF) to prevent the migration of anions from the anode and optionally cathode compartments. The perm-selective membrane in the form of a film laminate... | 01/26/1982 |
| 4303487 | Production of alkali metal silicate having a high silica to alkali metal oxide ratio A process is disclosed for increasing the silica to alkali metal oxide weight ratio of aqueous alkali metal silicate solution by electrodialysis of the alkali metal silicate solution.... | 12/01/1981 |
| 4298442 | Electrodialysis process for silica removal A process for the removal of silica from an aqueous solution is disclosed in which the pH of the solution is adjusted to at least about 9.5 and then passed through a conventional electrodialysis cell to effect ionic transfer of the silica out of solution.... | 11/03/1981 |
| 4219396 | Electrodialytic process An improved process for the electrodialysis of aqueous NaCl which operates at high current efficiency and low unit cell voltage drop to produce high strength, high purity Na2 CO3 and either high purity HCl or CaCl2 by util... | 08/26/1980 |
| 4147605 | Method of producing sols by electrodialysis A method of producing a sol of an element selected from the group consisting silicon, aluminum, antimony, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tin and tungsten comprising electrodialytically transferring alkali metal cations of an aqueous solution of a water ... | 04/03/1979 |
| 4144158 | Process for manufacture of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and finely divided silica from fluosilicic acid An improved process is described for converting aqueous fluosilicic acid waste product into anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and finely divided silica in which aqueous fluosilicic acid is pyrolyzed to produce silica and a dilute aqueous solution of hydrogen fl... | 03/13/1979 |
| 4124471 | Controlling silica sol particle size A novel method of controlling electrodialytically produced silica sol particle size and concentration comprising effecting electrodialysis of an alkali metal silicate anolyte in an electrodialysis cell with a cation permselective membrane separating the a... | 11/07/1978 |
