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"I watched his countenance closely, to see if he was not deranged ... and I was assured by other senators after he left the room that they had no confidence in it."
U.S. Senator Smith of Indiana ; After seeing Samuel Morse demonstrate the telegraph.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8128791 | Control of electrolyte composition in a copper electroplating apparatus In a copper electroplating apparatus having separate anolyte and catholyte portions, the concentration of anolyte components (e.g., acid or copper salt) is controlled by providing a diluent to the recirculating anolyte. The dosing of the diluent can be controlled by... | 03/06/2012 |
| 8048276 | Electrolysis apparatus Solid oxide stacks used as fuel cells generate electricity from hydrogen or other sources. By an electrolysis process such standard fuel cells can be operated in order to create hydrogen or other electro chemical by-products. Unfortunately stacks generally operate a... | 11/01/2011 |
| 8016983 | System and method for producing copper powder by electrowinning in a flow-through electrowinning cell This invention relates to a system and method for producing a metal powder product using conventional electrowinning chemistry (i.e., oxygen evolution at an anode) in a flow-through electrowinning cell. The present invention enables the production of high quality me... | 09/13/2011 |
| 7947158 | Apparatus and method for removing bubbles from a process liquid The present invention is directed to methods and apparatuses for removing bubbles from a process liquid. The process liquid can comprise a plating solution used in a plating tool. The process liquid is supplied to a tank. A plurality of streams of the process liquid... | 05/24/2011 |
| 7842170 | Device for selective plating of electrical contacts for connectors This invention relates generally to a method and apparatus for electroplating selected portions of a high contact force, high elastic response range pin-receiving and cylindrical electrical contact having a pair of spaced apart cantilever beams which extend forwardl... | 11/30/2010 |
| 7833389 | Replication tools and related fabrication methods and apparatus Durable replication tools are disclosed for replication of relief patterns in desired media, for example in optical recording or data storage media. Methods of making such durable replication tools are disclosed, including recording and developing a relief pattern o... | 11/16/2010 |
| 7799184 | Process for the electrochemical decomposition of powders and electrolysis cells suitable therefor Process for the electrochemical decomposition of precursors in powder form by introducing a powder batch between two electrodes of an electrolysis cell, electrodes being designed to be liquid-permeable, and the electrolyte flowing through the powder batch perpendicu... | 09/21/2010 |
| 7736475 | System and method for producing copper powder by electrowinning using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction The present invention relates, generally, to a method for electrowinning copper powder, and more particularly to a method for electrowinning copper powder from a copper-containing solution using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction. In accordance with various embodimen... | 06/15/2010 |
| 7628898 | Method and system for idle state operation Methods and systems for electrochemically processing microfeature workpieces are described herein. In one embodiment, a process for electrochemically treating a surface of a plurality of microfeature workpieces in an electrochemical treating chamber that includes a ... | 12/08/2009 |
| 7622025 | Method and apparatus for decontamination of fluid The invention relates to methods and devices for the decontamination of fluid, particularly the removal of heavy metals and/or arsenic and/or their compounds from water, by means of electrolysis, wherein the water to be purified subjected to electrodes of different ... | 11/24/2009 |
| 7601247 | Falling bed cathode cell for metal electrowinning A cell (100) for metal electrowinning from metal ion solutions is described, wherein the cathode (1) consists of a falling bed of growing beads; the beads, withdrawn from the lower part of the bed, are recycled to the top section of the cathodic compar... | 10/13/2009 |
| 7476305 | Recovery system for platinum plating bath A recovery system for platinum electrolytic baths operating at low current densities is disclosed. An oxidizing system is provided in a closed-loop recirculation system for platinum plating at low current densities. The oxidizing system reoxidizes Pt+2 io... | 01/13/2009 |
| 7431810 | Apparatus for controlling flow in an electrodeposition process An electrowinning cell, having a tank with an opened upper end defined by a tank edge, electrolyte within the tank and a plurality of flat, metallic electrode plates disposed within the tank in side-by-side, spaced-apart, parallel relationship. Adjacent electrode pl... | 10/07/2008 |
| 7416647 | Plating processing device A plating processing device comprises: a plating bath, on which an object to be plated is mounted; and a sparger provided with plating nozzle and washing nozzle for jetting plating solution and washing solution, respectively, toward the object in such a manner that ... | 08/26/2008 |
| 7396440 | Load leveling and electrolysis system The invention is a device for electrical load-leveling and/or electrolysis. A housing contains pairs of electrodes made from or containing a porous material. The electrodes are filled respectively with an anolyte and a catholyte, which is an ionic couple such as Van... | 07/08/2008 |
| 7381313 | Integrated hydrogen production and processing system and method of operation A method of operating an integrated hydrogen production and processing system is provided. The method includes operating an electrolyzer to produce hydrogen from water and utilizing heat generated from the electrolyzer to increase a temperature of an electrolyte in ... | 06/03/2008 |
| 7368049 | Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction and a flow-through anode The present invention relates, generally, to a method and apparatus for electrowinning metals, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for copper electrowinning using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction and a flow-through anode, such as, for example, a dimensi... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7368043 | Configurations and methods of electrochemical lead recovery from contaminated soil A soil remediation system includes an electrochemical cell that is configured to provide increased mass transfer and a decreased diffusion layer between the electrodes to thereby allow formation of a homogenous lead deposit that is substantially free of dendrite for... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7361256 | Electrolytic reactor An electrolytic reactor including a conical recess of removable slices through which the electrolyte circulates towards a part to be coated under the action of a pump setting up forced circulation. The part is polarized to act as a cathode, facing a coaxial anode in... | 04/22/2008 |
| 7323090 | Bipolar zero-gap type electrolytic cell A bipolar zero-gap electrolytic cell comprising an anode comprising an anode substrate constituted of a titanium expanded metal or titanium metal net of 25 to 70% opening ratio, which anode after coating the substrate with a catalyst has a surface of 5 to 50 μm une... | 01/29/2008 |
| 7314509 | Gas liquid phase separator with improved pressure control A gas/liquid phase separator includes a fluid inlet, a vapor outlet, a liquid outlet, and first and second valves disposed in fluid communication with the liquid outlet. Both valves are controllable in response to a fluid level in the gas/liquid phase separator. Bot... | 01/01/2008 |
| 7314539 | Pressure electrolyzer and method for operating one such electrolyzer The invention discloses a pressure electrolyzer comprising a pressure vessel (2) and an electrolytic-cell block (3) arranged in the pressure vessel (2) and containing a plurality of electrolytic cells (4) combined in the form of a stack. ... | 01/01/2008 |
| 7303660 | Electrochemical treatment of an aqueous solution A method and apparatus are provided for the electrochemical treatment of an aqueous solution in an electrolytic cell. Output solution having a predetermined level of available free chlorine is produced by applying a substantially constant current across the cell bet... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7294244 | Microelectronic workpiece processing tool including a processing reactor having a paddle assembly for agitation of a processing fluid proximate to the workpiece An integrated tool is provided including at least one workpiece processing station having a paddle assembly. In accordance with another independent aspect of the present invention, the workpiece processing station is adapted for adjusting the level of the processing... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7291253 | Detection of an unstable additive breakdown product in a plating bath The 3-mercaptopropylsulfonic acid (MPSA) breakdown product of the bis(sodiumsulfopropyl)disulfide (SPS) additive used in acid copper plating baths accelerates copper electrodeposition and can be detected by cyclic voltammetric stripping (CVS) analysis. In the presen... | 11/06/2007 |
| 7279079 | Plating apparatus, cartridge and copper dissolution tank for use in the plating apparatus, and plating method A plating apparatus provided with: three copper dissolution tanks connected to a plating liquid circulation path for supplying copper ions to a plating liquid; a buffer container for supplying a replacement liquid into some of the copper dissolution tanks not in use... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7277021 | Device and method for alerting a runner when a new pair of running shoes is needed A device and method are provided for determining the wear of a sole of a shoe. The device includes first and second sensors receivable in the sole of the shoe. The sensors are axially spaced and generate signals in response to corresponding impact forces acting ther... | 10/02/2007 |
| 7273535 | Insoluble anode with an auxiliary electrode A method and apparatus for plating a metal onto a substrate. The apparatus includes a fluid basin configured to contain a plating solution, an anode fluid volume positioned in a lower portion of the fluid basin, a cathode fluid volume positioned in an upper portion ... | 09/25/2007 |
| 7264704 | Electrolysis cell for restoring the concentration of metal ions in electroplating processes It is described an electrolysis cell wherein the anodic dissolution of metals is carried out, in particular of metals characterised by a relatively high oxidation potential, such as copper, or metals with high hydrogen overpotential, for example tin, aimed at restor... | 09/04/2007 |
| 7258546 | Medical or dental instrument and/or supply unit and/or care unit and/or system for the medical or dental instrument The invention relates to a medical or dental-medical instrument (2) having a memory element (10p) for identification and/or operational parameter data. IN order to extend the range of possible applications of the instrument, the memory element (... | 08/21/2007 |
| 7247222 | Electrochemical processing cell Embodiments of the invention may generally provide a small volume electrochemical plating cell. The plating cell generally includes a fluid basin configured to contain a plating solution therein, the fluid basin having a substantially horizontal weir. The cell furth... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7223323 | Multi-chemistry plating system Embodiments of the invention generally provide an electrochemical plating system. The plating system includes a substrate loading station positioned in communication with a mainframe processing platform, at least one substrate plating cell positioned on the mainfram... | 05/29/2007 |
| 7195702 | Tin alloy electroplating system Disclosed are systems and methods of plating a tin alloy in an efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly manner. An electrochemical cell containing an anolyte compartment and a catholyte compartment separated by a selective membrane is employed. The select... | 03/27/2007 |
| 7195696 | Electrode assembly for electrochemical processing of workpiece The present invention provides a novel system, apparatus, and method to deposit conductive films on a workpiece. A system for electroplating a surface of a workpiece using a process solution is disclosed. The system comprises a solution housing configured to house a... | 03/27/2007 |
| 7195744 | Device for holding a container for a composition that produces an antimicrobially active gas A device and method for cleaning and deodorizing a unit having an enclosed space not otherwise easily accessible for cleaning and deodorizing. ... | 03/27/2007 |
| 7179359 | Cup-shaped plating apparatus Provided is a cup-shaped plating apparatus which can plate the whole area of a plating target surface with a uniform film thickness. In a cup-shaped plating apparatus including a placement portion of an object to be plated which is provided at an opening end of a pl... | 02/20/2007 |
| 7164355 | Process transmitter with a plurality of operating modes A transmitter for measuring a process variable of an industrial process includes a sensor adapted to measure the process variable and to generate a sensor output. A mode selector is adapted to select between operational modes. At least one operational mode is relate... | 01/16/2007 |
| 7160421 | Turning electrodes used in a reactor for electrochemically processing a microelectronic workpiece A facility for selecting and refining electrical parameters for processing a microelectronic workpiece in a processing chamber is described. The facility initially configures the electrical parameters in accordance with either a mathematical model of the processing ... | 01/09/2007 |
| 7128823 | Anolyte for copper plating Embodiments of the invention provide a method for plating copper into features formed on a semiconductor substrate. The method includes positioning the substrate in a plating cell, wherein the plating cell includes a catholyte volume containing a catholyte solution,... | 10/31/2006 |
| 7097748 | Electrolyzer pressure equalization system An energy storage system has a first pressurized tank for carrying water and hydrogen gas and a second pressurized tank for carrying water and oxygen gas. A first output line connects to the pressurized tank for carrying hydrogen gas from the tank. A second output l... | 08/29/2006 |
