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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8083900 | Removal of water from bio-oil A process and system for separating water from bio-oil by using a partial condenser. The process comprises partially condensing vapor conversion products from a biomass conversion reaction to produce a water-rich overhead stream and a water-depleted stream comprisin... | 12/27/2011 |
| 8057641 | Method and apparatus for pyrolysis of a biomass A method and apparatus for effective pyrolysis of a biomass utilizing rapid heat transfer from a solid heat carrier or catalyst. Particularly, various embodiments of the present invention provide methods and apparatuses which incorporate progressive temperature quen... | 11/15/2011 |
| 7905990 | Rapid thermal conversion of biomass A rapid thermal conversion process for efficiently converting wood, other biomass materials, and other carbonaceous feedstock (including hydrocarbons) into high yields of valuable liquid product, e.g., bio-oil, on a large scale production. Biomass material, e.g., wo... | 03/15/2011 |
| 7351326 | FCC closed cyclone with snorkel Thermal cracking in a riser cracking, closed cyclone, fluidized catalytic cracking process is reduced. A snorkel or flow conduit having an inlet just above the catalyst stripper moves stripper vapor into the closed cyclone. The system preferably operates without a s... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7270743 | Products produced form rapid thermal processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks The present invention is directed to the upgrading of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock that utilizes a short residence pyrolytic reactor operating under conditions that cracks and chemically upgrades the feedstock. The process of the present invention provides for the pr... | 09/18/2007 |
| 7034198 | Method for decomposing plastic A conventional method of pyrolytically decomposing plastic to make low-molecular compounds is poor in efficiency of use of energy due to high heating temperatures (at least 600° C. and 800° C. at maximum). The invention provides that a functional powder is ... | 04/25/2006 |
| 6919017 | Separation process and apparatus for removal of particulate material from flash zone gas oil A process and an apparatus for removing particulate material from a flash zone gas oil stream produced in a delayed coking unit. The process and apparatus of the invention employ cyclonic separation to remove particulate material from the flash zone gas oil stream. ... | 07/19/2005 |
| 5961786 | Apparatus for a circulating bed transport fast pyrolysis reactor system This invention generally relates to a new method and apparatus for the fast pyrolysis of carbonaceous materials involving rapid mixing, high heat transfer rates, precisely controlled short uniform residence times and rapid primary product quench in an upf... | 10/05/1999 |
| 5851361 | Apparatus for processing an organic solid An apparatus and method for the separation and chemical and physical alteration of organic solid material in which the materials are placed in a sealed rotating drum and exposed to hot products of combustion produced by a flame in the drum. The temperatur... | 12/22/1998 |
| 5792340 | Method and apparatus for a circulating bed transport fast pyrolysis reactor system This invention generally relates to a new method and apparatus for the fast pyrolysis of carbonaceous materials involving rapid mixing, high heat transfer rates, precisely controlled short uniform residence times and rapid primary product quench in an upf... | 08/11/1998 |
| 5496465 | Vibrating bed coal pyrolysis system A vibrating bed pyrolysis system has a vibrating bed which is supplied with hot solid particles. Dry coal particles are rapidly heated by the hot solid particles to drive off hydrocarbon vapors. The vapors are condensed in a jet condenser, and products ar... | 03/05/1996 |
| 5078836 | Method and apparatus for retorting material An apparatus and a method are disclosed for the thermal treatment of feed material containing solids and liquids such as solid waste or the like. The apparatus includes one or more coaxial rotatable drums and one or more free rotating spirals advancing th... | 01/07/1992 |
| 4946658 | Addition of pyritic materials to feed mix for desulfurization of phosphogypsum A pelletized mixture of gypsum, carbonaceous material and pyrite is charged to a travelling grate where the charge is heated under suitable conditions to produce a solid sintered material which has a broad spectrum of applications due to its chemical and ... | 08/07/1990 |
| 4859284 | Combined process for the separation and continuous coking of high softening point asphaltenes The present invention relates to a combined process for separating and converting asphaltenes of high molecular weight and high softening point from heavy hydrocarbon material containing asphaltenes by a process that combines a deasphalting method to prod... | 08/22/1989 |
| 4704138 | Spouted bed heating of solids for coal gasification In a coal or coal char gasification system using hot recycled inert heat transfer medium (IHTM) solids, the heat transfer medium and some of the unreacted or ungasified char are passed through a spouted-bed reactor. In the spouted-bed reactor, the unreact... | 11/03/1987 |
| 4578175 | Combined process for coal pyrolysis and char gasification Finely divided coal is reacted in a combination of processes comprising flash pyrolysis and fluidized bed gasification of char from the pyrolysis. A portion of the char which is heated by the steam-oxygen gasification provides the heat for the pyrolysis s... | 03/25/1986 |
| 4568362 | Gasification method and apparatus for lignocellulosic products The rapid pyrolysis of lignocellulosic products, especially forest waste, is conducted in a fluidized bed of hot refractory particles. The pyrolysis products, comprising solid carbonaceous residue (i.e., char), tars and gas, escape from the bed and cross ... | 02/04/1986 |
| 4535065 | Method for regeneration of moist powder adsorption agents In a method for regeneration of moist powder adsorption agent, the moist-charged adsorption agent is first fed into the lower area of a fluidized bed which is provided with an aeration and heat-carrying material; the agent then is fed upwardly through the... | 08/13/1985 |
| 4510021 | Fluidized bed charcoal particle production system A fluidized bed charcoal particle production system, including apparatus and method, wherein pieces of combustible waste, such as sawdust, fragments of wood, etc., are continuously disposed within a fluidized bed of a pyrolytic vessel. Preferably, the flu... | 04/09/1985 |
| 4456504 | Reactor vessel and process for thermally treating a granular solid A reactor vessel for maintaining a staged moving bed of solids, in the presence of countercurrently flowing gas stream, having a diameter of at least one meter and a pressure drop across the body of solids approximately equal to that of a fully fluidized ... | 06/26/1984 |
| 4436588 | Process for devolatilizing devolatilizable fine-grained material by means of hot, fine-grained heat-carrying material Devolatizable fine-grained material which contains hydrocarbons is devolatilized by means of fine-grained solids which have been heated to temperatures of about 500° to 1000° C. The devolatilizable fine-grained material is mixed with the heated solids a... | 03/13/1984 |
| 4427529 | Distilling shale oil from oil shale A method for distilling shale oil from oil shale, which comprises: supplying an oil shale together with a granular heat medium heated to a prescribed temperature in a heating furnace to a distiling furnace, where a gas containing a gaseous shale oil, hydr... | 01/24/1984 |
| 4421603 | Process for recovering carbonaceous liquids from solid carbonaceous particles Pyrolysis process and system for recovering product gases and liquids from solid carbonaceous particles. Dual stage fluidized bed retort is disclosed having frusto-conical stages serially connected to promote uniform pyrolysis. Product gases and oil are r... | 12/20/1983 |
| 4419215 | Method of pre-heating particles of a hydrocarbon-bearing substrate and an apparatus therefor Hydrocarbon-bearing substrate particles are pre-heated by heating the same with a solid heat-bearing medium by indirect counter-current flow using a series of heat transfer loops each containing a circulating heat transfer medium chosen such that the whol... | 12/06/1983 |
| 4401553 | System and method for lowered hydrogen sulfide emissions from oil shale Improved process and system for reducing the amounts of hydrogen sulfide emitted during pyrolysis of oil shale. At the elevated temperatures of oil shale pyrolysis, iron pyrite is converted to hydrogen sulfide which is emitted with the product gases and o... | 08/30/1983 |
| 4377465 | Oil shale retorting method and apparatus Disclosed is an improved method and apparatus for the retorting of oil shale and the formation of spent oil shale having improved cementation properties. The improved method comprises passing feed comprising oil shale to a contacting zone wherein the feed... | 03/22/1983 |
| 4358344 | Process for the production and recovery of fuel values from coal A method of pyrolyzing and desulfurizing coal in a transport reactor to recover volatile fuel values and hydrogen by heating particulate coal entrained in a carrier gas substantially free of oxygen to a pyrolysis temperature in a zone within three seconds... | 11/09/1982 |
| 4334959 | Mixing method and apparatus Method of mixing particulate materials comprising contacting a primary source and a secondary source thereof whereby resulting mixture ensues; preferably at least one of the two sources has enough motion to insure good mixing and the particulate materials... | 06/15/1982 |
| 4322222 | Process for the gasification of carbonaceous materials Carbonaceous material is gasified in a first pyrolysis zone substantially in an absence of free oxygen by heating with a solid heating media. The carbonaceous material is conducted through the first pyrolysis zone in turbulent flow to provide for the rapi... | 03/30/1982 |
| 4320795 | Process for heat transfer with dilute phase fluidized bed A process for the transfer of heat between solids is described in which a particulate solid is allowed to fall at a substantially uniform rate through a dilute phase fluidized bed of another particulate solid.... | 03/23/1982 |
| 4312639 | Process for heating solids for coal gasification In a coal gasification system using hot recycled inert heat transfer medium solids, before the solids are heated and recycled back to a gasification reactor, the solids are separated from ash and unreacted char. The unreacted char is thereafter burned pro... | 01/26/1982 |
| 4312740 | Process for maximizing oil yield in the retorting of oil shale An improved method for retorting oil shale with heat-carrying bodies comprising relatively coarse attrition resistant, non-oil sorbing, shale ash particles wherein oil recovery is maximized. After retorting, the spent oil shale and heat-carrying bodies ar... | 01/26/1982 |
| 4309197 | Method for processing pulverized solid fuel There is provided a method for processing a pulverized solid fuel by heat, which comprises the steps of drying said fuel and subjecting the latter to two-stage pyrolysis with the resulting formation of vapor, gaseous products and small coke. According to ... | 01/05/1982 |
| 4280876 | Coal pyrolysis process Method and apparatus for pyrolyzing agglomerative coals which comprises introducing a fluidized bed of hot char particles into a pyrolysis chamber or reactor, and injecting upwardly into the chamber a high velocity jet of agglomerative coal particles in a... | 07/28/1981 |
| 4274941 | Process for generating combustible gases, liquid coal byproducts and superheated steam from coal Fine grained coal is fed into a first chamber of a generally horizontally extending fluidizing bed reactor while a stream of hot solid heat exchange material is passed through the chamber. The coal is then subjected to a fluidizing action with a low nitro... | 06/23/1981 |
| 4263124 | Process for minimizing solids contamination of liquids from coal pyrolysis In a continuous process for recovery of liquid hydrocarbons from a solid carbonaceous material by pyrolysis of the carbonaceous material in the presence of a particulate source of heat, particulate contamination of the liquid hydrocarbons is minimized. Th... | 04/21/1981 |
| 4260456 | Single retort manufacturing technique for producing valuable char and gases from coke A single retort and accumulator structure includes two heating zones for successively removing volatile material from dried crushed coal so that the resultant calcined char has less than about 7 weight percent volatile material and is suitable as a raw ma... | 04/07/1981 |
| 4256539 | Method of generating gas and coke dust by rapid degasification and rapid vaporization A method of generating gas and coke dust by means of rapid degasification and rapid vaporization, with simultaneous extensive desulfurization, of coal ground into dust. In a first step, one portion of coal is subjected to complete or partial vaporization.... | 03/17/1981 |
| 4243489 | Pyrolysis reactor and fluidized bed combustion chamber A solid carbonaceous material is pyrolyzed in a descending flow pyrolysis reactor in the presence of a particulate source of heat to yield a particulate carbon containing solid residue. The particulate source of heat is obtained by educting with a gaseous... | 01/06/1981 |
| 4239599 | Process for stripping oil from fluidized ash and char particles to prepare the particles for decarbonization A mixture of a high density particulate inorganic heat source and a low density particulate carbon containing residue formed in the pyrolysis of a solid waste is passed along with some entrained pyrolytic oil to a fluidized bed of particles, where a gas i... | 12/16/1980 |
