...that Kleenex tissue was originally designed to be a gas mask filter? It was developed at the beginning of World War I to replace cotton, which was then in short supply as a surgical dressing.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7942230 | Hydraulic power steering system A hydraulic power steering system for a vehicle, e.g., an electrohydraulic power steering system for a motor vehicle, includes a servo valve, the relative movement of whose control parts actuates a piston rod of a servo cylinder and changes at least one steering ang... | 05/17/2011 |
| 7735595 | Hydraulic power steering A hydraulic power steering system for a vehicle includes a first, hydraulic actuator for making available steering power or auxiliary steering power for adjusting the steering angle of one or more steered wheels of the vehicle, and with a second electric actuator fo... | 06/15/2010 |
| 7726437 | Vehicle steering controller and method A vehicle steering device and control method for use in steer-by-wire steering systems. A steering instrument is operable to receive input from a driver and a turning device is operable to turn at least one wheel. A selectively engageable backup clutch is positioned... | 06/01/2010 |
| 7726436 | Torque control element for a steering system in a motor vehicle A torque control element for a steering system in a motor vehicle, and such a steering system are provided. The torque control element includes at least two electrical units, each of the electrical units being assigned a separate power supply unit, connected via at ... | 06/01/2010 |
| 7628245 | Vehicle steering apparatus A vehicle steering apparatus with improved safety securely detects whether or not a backup system is operable and comprises a steering shaft connected to the steering wheel; a reaction actuator connected to the steering shaft for adding a reaction force; a rack for ... | 12/08/2009 |
| 7516812 | Steering control apparatus and method A vehicle steering control device is provided that suppresses changes in the steering force accompanying the shock transmitted from the road surface during the steering wheel return operation. The vehicle steering device is a steer-by-wire steering device where a st... | 04/14/2009 |
| 7500537 | Steering apparatus for vehicle A steering apparatus for a vehicle is set to a steer-by-wire mode with an electromagnetic clutch being in a disconnected state. In response to steering operation applied to a steering wheel, first and second electric motors turn left and right front wheels. When a f... | 03/10/2009 |
| 7469768 | Steering control apparatus A vehicle steering system is disclosed that includes a steering portion, a steered portion, and a clutch mechanism. The steering portion includes operations input mechanism and a reaction adding device. The steered portion includes steering controlled wheels and a s... | 12/30/2008 |
| 7428944 | Drive train for a compressor and a hydraulic pump A drive train for a compressor and a hydraulic pump of a motor vehicle, and a method of use are described. The system includes a hydraulic power steering system, an electric superimposed steering system for providing steering assistance, and a motor vehicle drive mo... | 09/30/2008 |
| 7350395 | Apparatus for generating road surface reaction force in a test apparatus for steer-by-wire system An apparatus for generating a road surface reaction force in a test apparatus for a steer-by-wire system includes a steering actuation unit, and actuators arranged in parallel to tie rods of the steering actuation unit. In accordance with this arrangement, there is ... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7322439 | Steering apparatus for steerable vehicle A steering apparatus for a steerable vehicle includes a steering unit, an operating unit, a backup unit, and a control unit. The backup unit selectively connects/disconnects the steering unit and the operating unit. The control unit is operable in two control modes ... | 01/29/2008 |
| 7308964 | Vehicle steering apparatus A vehicle steering apparatus includes a steering input section having at least a steering wheel to which steering input is applied, and a steering output section having at least a steering rack shaft and operatively associated with left and right steered wheels for ... | 12/18/2007 |
| 7225894 | Power steering apparatus An engine driven pump 24 is connected with a power steering motor assembly 18. An electric motor 36 drives a pump 34 connected with the power steering motor assembly 18. A control apparatus 38, 44, 52, 62 and 72 effec... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7213676 | Power steering system In a power steering system employing a power cylinder for steering assistance, hydraulic pressure is supplied through a pair of fluid lines to respective hydraulic chambers of the power cylinder. Check valves are provided to charge a hydraulic pressure in a communic... | 05/08/2007 |
| 7207411 | Steer unit for steer-by-wire Steer unit for steer-by-wire comprising angle sensing means (12) for detecting the angular position of a steering wheel (11), processing means (10) connected to the angle sensing means (12) and connectable to a wheel position sensor (2... | 04/24/2007 |
| 7178613 | Vehicle operating apparatus A vehicle operating apparatus which accelerates, decelerates and steers a vehicle in accordance with the operation of the operating lever is provided with a reaction force generating means which generates a reaction force opposing the operating lever, a current sens... | 02/20/2007 |
| 7143862 | Power steering device for a vehicle In a power steering device comprising a power steering pump, and to a method for operating a power steering device for a vehicle comprising a hydraulic circuit provided with a rotary slide valve, a steering cylinder and a control valve for adjusting the volume flow ... | 12/05/2006 |
| 7093914 | Device for manoeuvring a tension wheel of a tracked vehicle Device for manoeuvring a tension wheel in a chassis of a tracked vehicle, in which the tension wheel is rotatably mounted on a telescopic rocker arm (12). The rocker arm can, on the one hand, be lengthened and shortened by a first hydraulic cylinder and, on t... | 08/22/2006 |
| 7055643 | Apparatus for controlling a power-assisted steering gear in response to vehicle speed An apparatus (10) for helping to turn steerable wheels (12) of a vehicle comprises a hydraulic power-assisted steering gear (16). An electric motor (92) actuates the steering gear (16). A pump (84) supplies the steering gear... | 06/06/2006 |
| 7021416 | Vehicle control with manual back up A manual control device for electrically driven and controlled steering, and/or accelerating and/or decelerating of a road vehicle, that includes a hand grip device, sensors for sensing a force and/or a movement imposed on the hand grip device which correspond to a ... | 04/04/2006 |
| 7004279 | Vehicle steering system A vehicle steering system is provided with a primary steering system, a backup steering system and a control system that switches from the primary steering system to the backup steering system when a defect is determined in the primary steering system such as a defe... | 02/28/2006 |
| 6978859 | Power steering system A power steering system includes a reversible pump for supplying hydraulic fluid to pressure chambers of a power cylinder through first and second passages, an assisting-force detector for detecting a steering assisting force to be provided to a steering wheel, a mo... | 12/27/2005 |
| 6971472 | Fully hydraulic steering The invention concerns a fully hydraulic steering with a steering member, a steering unit that can be activated by the steering member, said steering unit comprising a supply connection arrangement (P, T) with a pressure connection (P) and a tank connection (T), and... | 12/06/2005 |
| 6966398 | Apparatus for controlling a power-assisted steering gear in response to vehicle speed An apparatus (10) for helping to turn steerable wheels (12) of a vehicle comprises a hydraulic power-assisted steering gear (16). An electric motor (92) actuates the steering gear (16). A pump (84) supplies the steering gear... | 11/22/2005 |
| 6948584 | Steering device A steering system, e.g., a hydraulic rack and pinion steering system for motor vehicles, includes a steering handle for prescribing a steering intention, a pressure medium source and a control valve device for controlling a flow of pressure medium to and from a serv... | 09/27/2005 |
| 6938720 | Steering input devices for steer-by-wire systems A steering input device for a steer-by-wire system is provided. The input device comprises a first shaft and a hand wheel. The first shaft is rotatably installed in a first housing. The hand wheel is connected to the first shaft such that the hand wheel and the firs... | 09/06/2005 |
| 6932184 | Electric steering system with mechanical back-up device A steering system for an automotive vehicle, includes a steering device to be operated by a driver, a rotatable connection having a drive end connected to the steering device and a drive end connectable to a linkage of the steering wheels of the vehicle. The drive e... | 08/23/2005 |
| 6913107 | Steer-by-wire system A steer-by-wire system with a fail-safe mechanism is disclosed in which a clutch for the steer-by-wire system installed between a first shaft connected to a steering wheel and a second shaft connected to a steering gear is formed as a mechanism for bringing about we... | 07/05/2005 |
| 6892605 | Hand wheel actuator having stationary hub A hand wheel actuator having a stationary hub is provided by a housing supporting a first shaft via bearings such that it is rotatable about its own axis. The first shaft has an upper end configured for attaching a hand wheel. The actuator also includes a position s... | 05/17/2005 |
| 6729432 | Re-configurable control of steer-by-wire systems The present invention involves a system and method of re-configurable control for a vehicle steer-by-wire system. A steer-by-wire control system includes a steering wheel control system and a road wheel control system for a vehicle. Each control system is provided w... | 05/04/2004 |
| 6612393 | Steering system for motor vehicles A steering system functions in accordance with the "steer by wire" concept and has a normal operating system without positive coupling between the steering handle and the steered vehicle wheels, as well as an emergency operating system, which functions wi... | 09/02/2003 |
| 6611415 | Fail-safe circuit Provision of a fail-safe circuit which is capable of allowing a sub circuit to operate with reliability when a main circuit encounters abnormal conditions even in a system with only one supply source of pressure oil. A plurality of solenoid type control v... | 08/26/2003 |
| 6580989 | Motor vehicle steering system The present invention comprises a steering system selectively operable in one of three modes: steer-by-wire, electronic power assist steering (EPAS), and manual steering. The steer-by-wire system includes a driver interface system (DIS), a road wheel actu... | 06/17/2003 |
| 6382342 | Hydraulically powered steering apparatus with electrically powered backup An apparatus (10) for turning the steerable wheels (17) of a vehicle in response to the turning of the steering wheel (12). The apparatus (10) includes a drive mechanism (16), a first motor (24), a second motor (74), a sensor (78) for sensing that the fir... | 05/07/2002 |
| 6374940 | Steering device for self-propelled working machines A steering device for self-propelled working machines. Steering cylinders are associated with each pair of wheels and a fluid which is suppliable from a valve unit to the cylinders. At least one hydraulic pump is connected to the valve unit via hydraulic ... | 04/23/2002 |
| 6279674 | Arrangement and method for steering a motor vehicle An arrangement for steering a motor vehicle having at least two steerable wheels including steering equipment for setting the position of the steerable wheels as a function of a desired steering angle signal and braking equipment which is present in the v... | 08/28/2001 |
| 6269903 | Steering system for a vehicle High functional reliability for a vehicle steering system that can be switched between a normal mode with a steer-by-wire level and an emergency mode with a fall-back level is achieved by providing that the fall-back level has a hydraulic system which con... | 08/07/2001 |
| 6220385 | Steering system A steering system for a motor vehicle is not trackbound and has steered vehicle wheels which are connected only operationally in normal operation to a steering handwheel via an electronic control arrangement which actuates a steering actuator in accordanc... | 04/24/2001 |
| 6209677 | Steering system for non-tracked motor vehicles A steering system of a non-tracked motor vehicle whose steered vehicle wheels are connected in the normal operation with respect to the effect with a steering handle only by way of an electronic automatic control unit which continuously monitors itself wi... | 04/03/2001 |
| 6138788 | Vehicle steering system A vehicle steering system has a steering handle as well as steered vehicle wheels connected with one another with respect to the effect at least in the normal operation only by way of a control device ("steer by wire") which compares the signals of a stee... | 10/31/2000 |