Did You Know...
...that the x-ray was discovered purely by accident? When German physicist Wilhelm Konrad von Roentgen was experimenting with cathode rays in 1895, he put an activated Crookes tube in a book and went out to lunch. When he returned, he discovered that a key that had also been placed in the book showed up as an image on the developed film!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8092618 | Surface passivation technique for reduction of fouling The invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling the formation of foulant deposits on petroleum processing equipment. The invention involves a first mixture comprising an acid phosphate ester. The first mixture is applied to the surface of the petroleum... | 01/10/2012 |
| 7422629 | Nonsludging zinc phosphating composition and process Electrolysis using a suitable electrolyte provides a completely nonsludging zinc phosphate conversion coating process that produces a high quality conversion coating in a very short time. The suitable electrolyte contains at least water, dissolved nitric acid, and d... | 09/09/2008 |
| 7402214 | Conversion coatings including alkaline earth metal fluoride complexes An aqueous composition for pretreating and depositing a coating on metal substrates is provided. The coating composition includes from about 1,500 to about 55,000 ppm based on the aqueous composition of a Group IIA dissolved metal ion, from about 100 to about 200,00... | 07/22/2008 |
| 7208053 | Method for applying a phosphate covering and use of metal parts thus phospated Metallic surfaces are coated with an aqueous, acidic phosphate solution containing 10 to 60 g/l zinc, 0.5 to 40 g/l manganese, 50 to 300 g/l phosphate ions calculated as P2O5, and optionally other components. ... | 04/24/2007 |
| 7135075 | Corrosion resistant coating with self-healing characteristics An aqueous solution for depositing an inorganic corrosion resistant coating on a metal substrate is disclosed. The aqueous solution comprises a film-forming agent, a supplemental anion, and a substrate activator. The film-forming agent is a vanadate salt that forms ... | 11/14/2006 |
| 6743303 | Process for treating adhesion promoted metal surfaces with an organo-silcon post-treatment A method for treating a micro-roughened metal surface to improve bonding between the metal surface and a polymer material. The method involves post-treating the micro-roughened conversion coated metal surface with an aqueous organo-silicon wetting composition after ... | 06/01/2004 |
| 6733896 | Process for treating steel-, zinc- and aluminum-based metals using a two-step coating system The present invention comprises a method for treating one or more multi-metal articles. The method comprises exposing the one or more articles to a first treatment composition capable of providing a conversion coating on steel- and zinc-based metal, and exposing the... | 05/11/2004 |
| 6679952 | Method of coating aluminum and aluminum alloy substrates and coated articles A method of coating aluminum and aluminum alloy substrates not only imparts a corrosion resistance comparable or even superior to that afforded by chromate treatment but also improves the adhesion to the coating film, while the luster of aluminum is fully... | 01/20/2004 |
| 6677053 | Surface-treated steel sheet and production method therefor A surface-treated steel sheet includes a steel sheet, an Al--Zn-base alloy plating layer formed on the steel sheet, a chemical conversion film provided on the alloy plating layer, and a concentric layer of a Cr compound that is formed on the alloy plating... | 01/13/2004 |
| 6645316 | Post-passivation of a phosphatized metal surface A process for post-passivation of a phosphated metal surface, characterized in that the phosphated metal surface is treated with an aqueous post-passivation solution which contains from 50 to 500 mg/l of nickel ions and from 200 to 1500 mg/l of phosphate ... | 11/11/2003 |
| 6638370 | Phosphate conversion coating process and composition By including nitric acid and hydroxylamine in a manganese phosphating composition and controlling the ratio of nitric to phosphoric acids and the ratio of Total Acid to Free Acid within a specified range, satisfactory manganese phosphate conversion coatin... | 10/28/2003 |
| 6635122 | Methods of making and using annealable insulated metal-based powder particles Methods of making and using annealable insulated metal-based powder particles are provided. The insulated metal-based powder particles are formed from metal-based core particles that are coated with an annealable insulating material. The annealable insula... | 10/21/2003 |
| 6560845 | Prefinished deformable metal reflector sheet A prefinished curved reflector suitable for use in recessed lighting, downlighting, head lamps, and tail lamps is made from metal sheet, preferably an aluminum alloy sheet. An outer surface of the metal sheet is either anodized, laminated, or polymer coat... | 05/13/2003 |
| 6478860 | Conditioning metal surfaces before phosphating them A highly effective and storage stable conditioning treatment for metal surfaces prior to phosphating them is a suspension in water containing solid miorosize particles of at least one phosphate of a divalent or trivalent metal and an accelerant selected f... | 11/12/2002 |
| 6395106 | Conversion coatings prepared or treated with calcium hydroxide solutions A conversion coating process that forms a stable and corrosion-resistant oxide layer on metal or metal oxide substrates or layers. Particularly, the conversion coating process involves contacting the metal or metal oxide substrate or layer with the aqueou... | 05/28/2002 |
| 6395105 | Phosphating process with a metalliferous re-rinsing stage A process for phosphating metal surfaces in which a nitrite- and nickel-free zinc-containing phosphating solution is applied to the metal surfaces which, if desired, are then rinsed and subsequently after-rinsed with an aqueous solution with a pH value of... | 05/28/2002 |
| 6312821 | Coating structure having corrosion resistance The coating structure having a corrosion resistance of the invention contains a formation film formed on the surface of an aluminum alloy material. The formation film is subjected to a zirconium phosphate treatment. Because the zirconium phosphate reacts ... | 11/06/2001 |
| 6284059 | Cleaning and conversion coating of hot rolled steel articles A process is disclosed in which hot rolled steel articles, such as rail car articles, LP tanks and barge articles are cleaned and conversion coated. The cleaning compositions comprise aqueous phosphoric acid, and the conversion coating compositions compri... | 09/04/2001 |
| 6241830 | Non-chromium anticorrosive treatment The present invention relates to an anticorrosive treatment including following steps (1) contacting a metal to be treated with an aqueous solution containing one or more kinds of compounds containing phosphorus ions, (2) washing it if desired, and (3) ap... | 06/05/2001 |
| 6231687 | Lubrication treatment method for cold working of steel A phosphating solution that contains from 3 to 30 g/l of zinc ions, from 0.1 to 20 g/l of ferrous ions, from 5 to 60 g/l of phosphate ions, from 5 to 60 g/l of nitrate ions, and a source of hydroxylamine in a concentration corresponding stoichiometrically... | 05/15/2001 |
| 6090224 | Phosphating process with a copper-containing re-rinsing stage A process for phosphating metal surfaces in which a nitrite- and nickel-free zinc-containing phosphating solution is applied to the metal surfaces which, if desired, are then rinsed and subsequently after-rinsed with an aqueous solution with a pH value of... | 07/18/2000 |
| 6027579 | Non-chrome rinse for phosphate coated ferrous metals The invention provides a non-chrome rinse and method for treating a phosphate conversion-coated ferrous metal substrate. The rinse comprising zirconium ions, vanadium ions, fluoride ions, and phosphate ions in a ratio and a concentration effective for pro... | 02/22/2000 |
| 5985046 | Process for making clear coated aluminum alloy lighting sheet A process for making an aluminum alloy lighting sheet product having a reflective surface protected by a UV-stable polymer coating. An aluminum alloy sheet is chemically brightened in an aqueous acidic solution, conversion coated, and then coated with a U... | 11/16/1999 |
| 5972433 | Method for treatment of metal substrates using Mannich-derived polyethers Methods for treating metal substrates are disclosed. These methods, which comprise contacting the surface to be treated with a composition comprising a Mannich-derivatized polyether, improve the corrosion resistance and/or adhesion properties of the treat... | 10/26/1999 |
| 5954893 | Treatment of aluminium or aluminium alloys A method for treating the surface or surfaces of an aluminium or aluminium alloy containing substrate to confer corrosion resistance in which a porous layer is created on the surface or surfaces and then the surface or surfaces are treated with a solution... | 09/21/1999 |
| 5885373 | Chromium free, low organic content post-rinse for conversion coatings A solution in water of fluorometallate and phosphate anions, divalent and/or trivalent metal cations, and polyhydroxylaminomethyl substituted polymers of vinyl phenol(s) provides an effective and economical post-rinse for conversion coatings, particularly... | 03/23/1999 |
| 5851371 | Reducing or avoiding surface irregularities in electrophoretic painting of phosphated metal surfaces The phenomenon of "mapping" (surface defects) after electrophoretic painting over phosphate conversion coatings passivated with hexavalent chromium containing passivating compositions can be avoided or reduced by keeping the surface being treated constant... | 12/22/1998 |
| 5766374 | Process for preparing the metal surface of an article, especially one made of steel sheet, for direct-on enameling Process in which the said surface is pickled and then treated in two steps, a first treatment step of so-called "amorphous" phosphatization, suitable for depositing a coat of at least 0.2 g/m2, followed by a second treatment step called "nickel... | 06/16/1998 |
| 5672390 | Process for protecting a surface using silicate compounds A process for forming a protective layer on a rigid surface, such as a metal or wood surface, to provide protection against abrasion, corrosion, heat and fire. The process comprises first preparing the surface of the article. On metal articles, the surfac... | 09/30/1997 |
| 5641542 | Chromium-free aluminum treatment A method of forming a protective coating on aluminum and aluminum alloy surfaces to improve adherence of siccative coatings such as inks, paints, and lacquers. The method involves rinsing acid treatments from aluminum surfaces followed by coating the alum... | 06/24/1997 |
| 5614585 | Hydrophilic surface-treating aqueous solution and hydrophilic surface-treating method A hydrophilic surface-treating aqueous solution and a hydrophilic surface-treating method are provided to form a film which can maintain its hydrophilicity. The hydrophilic surface-treating aqueous solution contains as main components polyglutamic acid, b... | 03/25/1997 |
| 5391240 | Process for the passivating post-treatment of phosphatized metal surfaces The invention concerns a process for a passivating post-treatment of phosphated metal surfaces of iron, steel, galvanized steel, zinc, aluminum, and their alloys, in which the phosphated metal surfaces are brought into contact at temperatures in the range... | 02/21/1995 |
| 5326408 | Rapidly dissolving and storage stable titanium phosphate containing activating composition An otherwise conventional Jernstedt salt dispersion for activating metal surfaces to improve the quality of subsequently deposited phosphate conversion coatings on the activated metal surface is stabilized against deterioration in storage for at least six... | 07/05/1994 |
| 5324587 | Adhesively bonded aluminum A laminate suitable for vehicular applications includes at least two sheets of aluminum alloy and an adhesive layer between the sheets bonding them together. An oxide layer on surfaces of the sheets is treated with a phosphorous acid electrolyte, so that ... | 06/28/1994 |
| 5294266 | Process for a passivating postrinsing of conversion layers The invention is in a composition and process for the chromium free passivating postrinsing of conversion layers on metals before the application of a paint or adhesive. The conversion layers can be on the bases of phosphate layers, at least two polyvalen... | 03/15/1994 |
| 5268078 | Aluminum plates for automobile body panels and method of pretreatment for painting thereof This invention relates to Al plates suitable for automobile body panels and also relates to a method of pretreatment for painting. The features are: A Zn plating layer having 0.05~0.38 g/m2 of coating weight is formed on the surface of an Al pl... | 12/07/1993 |
| 5205874 | Process of protecting metallic and wood surfaces using silicate compounds A process for forming a protective barrier on metallic or wood surfaces to provide protection against abrasion, corrosion, heat, and fire. The process is begun by first forming a fixed surface on the metallic or wood article. On metallic articles, the fix... | 04/27/1993 |
| 5128211 | Aluminum based phosphate final rinse A final rinse for a phosphatized metal surface includes a phosphoric acid solution including aluminum chlorohydrate. The aluminum chlorohydrate solution is applied at a concentration of about 100 to about 1500 ppm at a pH of 3 to about 4.5. The pH is obta... | 07/07/1992 |
| 5106435 | Method for minimizing surface carbide formation during box annealing A method for minimizing surface carbide formation during box annealing of DQSK steels includes as a first step treating the surface of an aluminum-killed steel suitable for production of DQSK product with an aqueous solution containing about 0.1 to 1.0 mo... | 04/21/1992 |
| 5060406 | Steam iron having a hydrophilic acid resistant steam changer A steam iron having an acid-resistant, hydrophilic coating in the steam chamber. The steam chamber coating is provided from an acid, colloidal suspension comprising alumina, magnesia, silica, or mixtures thereof, and contains, preferably, an acid phosphat... | 10/29/1991 |
