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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 6158440 | Swollen tobacco material manufacturing method Disclosed is a method of producing an expanded tobacco material. According to the method, a tobacco material (TM) is fed into a pressure vessel (11), followed by pressurizing the interior of the pressure vessel (11) with a carbon dioxide gas to a predeter... | 12/12/2000 |
| 6125855 | Process for expanding tobacco Tobacco is treated to cause its expansion by a process which comprises the steps of subjecting it, in a treatment chamber, to a reduced pressure of not greater than 7 kPa, impregnating the cell structure of the tobacco with isopentane vapour at a temperat... | 10/03/2000 |
| 5711319 | Dry ice expanded tobacco In a process for expanding tobacco, an equilibrium pressure within a process vessel (1) containing a mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and liquid carbon dioxide is selected before charging a sample volume of tobacco from a batch of tobacco into a sealable... | 01/27/1998 |
| 5365950 | Expanding apparatus for agricultural product or the like An expanding apparatus supplies an expanding agent to an impregnating vessel, and continuously supplies and discharges a material, e.g., a tobacco material to and from the impregnating vessel through a valve while pressure-increasing or pressure-decreasin... | 11/22/1994 |
| 5311885 | Expanding apparatus for agricultural product such as tobacco material An expanding apparatus continuously expands a material, e.g., a tobacco material and supplies gaseous carbon dioxide as an expanding agent to an impregnating vessel by an expanding agent supply to maintain a predetermined impregnating pressure. The materi... | 05/17/1994 |
| 5251649 | Process for impregnation and expansion of tobacco A process for expanding tobacco is provided which employs carbon dioxide gas. Tobacco temperature and OV content are adjusted prior to contacting the tobacco with carbon dioxide gas. A thermodynamic path is followed during impregnation which allows a cont... | 10/12/1993 |
| 5172707 | Process for the expansion of tobacco A process for the expansion of tobacco, wherein in step (a) the tobacco is cooled by being mixed with cold carbon dioxide; (b) the cooled tobacco is impregnated with liquid carbon dioxide through treatment with gaseous carbon dioxide under a predetermined... | 12/22/1992 |
| 5143096 | Method and apparatus for expanding cellular materials A process and apparatus for impregnating a cellular material with liquefied gas at a predetermined pressure for subsequent expansion of the impregnated cellular material including the steps of charging the cellular material into an impregnation vessel, pu... | 09/01/1992 |
| 5119835 | Method for extracting tobacco alkaloids A method is described for extracting tobacco alkaloids from tobacco in which the tobacco alkaloids are extracted from the tobacco with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions and the tobacco alkaloids separated from the carbon dioxide, wherein in th... | 06/09/1992 |
| 5012826 | Method of expanding tobacco The invention is directed to a process for increasing the filling capacity of tobacco wherein tobacco is contacted with a mixture of an inert, normally gaseous expansion agent and about 15-35 weight percent of carbon dioxide at a pressure above the critic... | 05/07/1991 |
| 4791942 | Process and apparatus for the expansion of tobacco A process for expanding tobacco includes the steps of adjusting the moisture content of cut tobacco, pressurizing the cut tobacco with or without treatment, releasing the pressurized cut tobacco rapidly into a dryer and reordering the tobacco. The apparat... | 12/20/1988 |
| 4760854 | Tobacco expansion process An improved tobacco treating expansion process involving controlling the moisture content of tobacco and the pre-separator residence time thereof in a treatment of the moisture controlled tobacco under preselected pressures and temperatures so that the to... | 08/02/1988 |
| 4630619 | Process for treating tobacco An improved tobacco treating process comprising cooling tobacco in a liquid nitrogen bath, impregnating the mixture with carbon dioxide gas under preselected pressure conditions, releasing the pressure and subjecting the so treated tobacco to drying gases... | 12/23/1986 |
| 4519407 | Method and apparatus for treating tobacco A method and apparatus for treating tobacco leaves by impregnating them with liquid carbon dioxide under high pressure. Tobacco leaf containers, in the form of open buckets, are mounted on a turntable which rotates intermittently step by step. In the pref... | 05/28/1985 |
| 4450867 | Diverter valve and actuator assembly A diverter valve and actuator assembly for diverting flow of a fluid from one path to another under the control of a power driven actuator, including a valve body having a chamber therein with an inlet port and two outlet ports, each outlet port having a ... | 05/29/1984 |
| 4377173 | Methods and apparatus for expanding tobacco Tobacco impregnated with solid carbon dioxide is heated in a chamber to expand the same by sublimation of solid CO2 and expulsion of CO2 gas from the tobacco. The expanded tobacco is separated from the internal atmosphere of the expa... | 03/22/1983 |
| 4366825 | Expansion of tobacco Impregnated tobacco is expanded in an expansion operation involving the entrainment of the impregnated tobacco in a heated gas stream under high temperature-short entrainment time conditions resulting in a product of improved quality and enhanced expansio... | 01/04/1983 |
| 4340073 | Expanding tobacco A process for expanding tobacco is provided which employs liquid carbon dioxide as the expansion agent. Tobacco is contacted with liquid carbon dioxide to thoroughly impregnate the tobacco with the liquid carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide impregnated tob... | 07/20/1982 |
| 4336814 | Process for expanding tobacco This invention relates broadly to an improved process for expanding tobacco and involves certain modifications of the basic process for expanding tobacco comprising the steps of (1) contacting the tobacco with liquid carbon dioxide to impregnate the tobac... | 06/29/1982 |
| 4312369 | Screen holding apparatus in a liquid cryogen pressure vessel In a pressure vessel of the type used for processing a product with a liquid cryogen such as the impregnation of tobacco with liquid carbon dioxide for expansion thereof, a withdrawal door, pivotally hinged to open to permit gravitational discharge of the... | 01/26/1982 |
| 4310006 | Method and apparatus for expanding tobacco The invention disclosed is a method and apparatus for expanding particles of cured tobacco by means of liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide which is sprayed into a mass of the tobacco in a closed pressure vessel. The thus treated tobacco is removed from the ... | 01/12/1982 |
| 4307735 | Apparatus for breaking down a mass of tobacco containing solid carbon dioxide A substantially horizontal grating having a plurality of substantially parallel bars extends within an enclosure that is adapted to gravitationally receive a mass of tobacco containing a cryogen and discharge smaller tobacco particles therefrom. A plurali... | 12/29/1981 |
| 4253474 | Method for expanding tobacco The invention relates to a method for expanding particles of cured tobacco by means of liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide which is sprayed into a mass of the tobacco in a closed pressure vessel. The thus treated tobacco is removed from the vessel and heate... | 03/03/1981 |
| 4235250 | Process for the expansion of tobacco In a process for the expansion of tobacco comprising the steps of: (1) contacting tobacco with carbon dioxide gas at a pressure of at least 250 psig for a time sufficient to impregnate the tobacco with the carbon dioxide gas to form a gaseous carbon dioxi... | 11/25/1980 |
| 4165618 | Treatment with liquid cryogen A product, such as tobacco, is introduced into a processing chamber that is coupled with a holding chamber. A cryogen vapor pressure is established in the processing chamber, and a compressor is operated to transfer liquid cryogen near equilibrium conditi... | 08/28/1979 |
