William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7354116 | Vehicle brake hydraulic pressure generator In a brake hydraulic pressure generating device in which the brake operating force is applied to a pressure adjusting valve through a stroke simulator and the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pressure source is adjusted to a value corresponding to the ... | 04/08/2008 |
| 7302882 | Jump force vacuum booster The invention provides a method and apparatus wherein the apparatus includes a housing having a first end and a second end. The housing also includes a first aperture and a second aperture. The first aperture is positioned to communicate with a first fluid source at... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7285932 | Method and apparatus for loss of control inhibitor systems Active and adaptive systems and methods to prevent loss of control incidents by providing tactile feedback to a vehicle operator are disclosed. According to the present invention, an operator gives a control input to an inceptor. An inceptor sensor measures an incep... | 10/23/2007 |
| 7245289 | Force-applying input device A force-applying input device includes a mechanical section including a tilting lever; an operation section mounted to an end of the tilting lever; first and second actuators which apply a force to the operation section through the tilting lever; first and second po... | 07/17/2007 |
| 6782796 | Hydraulic pressure control valve and vehicle brake device using the same A hydraulic pressure control device is provided which is capable of pressure reduction and pressure increase by electronic control without changing over hydraulic circuits, and which is reliable and simple in structure. A vehicle brake device using such a control de... | 08/31/2004 |
| 6637311 | Sensory feedback system for an electro-hydraulically controlled system An apparatus for providing feedback to an operator relative to a force applied to a system is disclosed. The apparatus has a first magnet and a second magnet. The first magnet receives a signal indicative of the force applied to the system and generates a... | 10/28/2003 |
| 6508058 | Hydraulic control system with tactile force and position feedback An apparatus for translating the movements of a portion of an operators anatomy residing in communication with an input fitment into hydraulic signals thereby directing the motion of a machine member moved by a hydraulic driver with natural motion of the ... | 01/21/2003 |
| 6352316 | Brake system A brake system including a negative pressure booster, a master cylinder of tandem type and an intensifying arrangement. The intensifying arrangement defines an intensifying chamber disposed rearward of a primary piston, a pump for supplying a braking liqu... | 03/05/2002 |
| 6161464 | Brake booster A brake reaction which occurs as a brake booster is actuated is prevented from being transmitted to a brake pedal, and instead pseudoction reaction imparting means 41 is provided to transmit a pseudo-reaction to the brake pedal. A valve body 5 and a power... | 12/19/2000 |
| 6089140 | Brake booster A brake booster which permits an axial relative movement between a power piston and a valve body is disclosed. An arrangement is made which prevents a brake reaction from being transmitted to a brake pedal. As an alternative therefor, pseudo-reaction impa... | 07/18/2000 |
| 6038857 | Control apparatus for a brake booster A control apparatus for a brake system having a housing with a first bore for retaining a spool valve and a second bore for retaining a selector valve. A cap separates the first bore into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber has an inle... | 03/21/2000 |
| 5881628 | Brake servo with selective pneumatic feedback A pneumatic brake booster comprising two working chambers, with each working chamber communicating a respective one of two reaction chambers. A divider dividing the reaction chambers provides a pressure feedback force to an input shaft. A selective valve ... | 03/16/1999 |
| 5802952 | Reaction mechanism for booster According to the invention, the booster is not provided with a brake reaction transmission mechanism, and hence a reaction cannot be transmitted to a brake pedal. On the other hand, a pseudo-reaction imparting means is provided to impart a pseudo-reaction... | 09/08/1998 |
| 5791746 | Valve arrangement for controlling the brake pressure in a vehicle hydraulic power-brake system The invention provides a valve arrangement for controlling the brake pressure in a hydraulic power-brake system. By actuating a brake valve, a brake pressure proportional to the actuation force builds up in an outlet pressure chamber, with a first ball-se... | 08/11/1998 |
| 5735124 | Internally boosted master cylinder A brake system for use in connection with a vehicle including a hydraulic internally boosted master cylinder, a hydraulic pump, and hydraulic brakes wherein the master cylinder controls hydraulic fluid pressure to the brakes and has a primary or sensing p... | 04/07/1998 |
| 5655429 | Hydraulic pilot brake valve A brake system with a hydraulic pilot brake valve for use in connection with a vehicle requiring finite brake control with high volume pressure control. The brake system includes the hydraulic pilot brake valve, a main hydraulic system, a control hydrauli... | 08/12/1997 |
| 5442916 | Control valve assembly for total pressure hydraulic brake A control valve assembly for a total pressure hydraulic brake is provided with an input port, and output port, a remote control input port connected to a hydraulic fluid supply, a first response which is moved together with depression of a brake pedal, a ... | 08/22/1995 |
| 5317953 | Neutral-centering valve control system A valve control system for controlling the operation of a pressure fluid-activated device such as a hydraulic cylinder includes a valve housing having an internal, sealed valve chamber therein. A valve spool is slidably disposed for lengthwise movement wi... | 06/07/1994 |
| 5295512 | Fluid control spool valve Spool valve for fluid systems, the valve having a slidable spool in a bore in a valve block having three ports spaced aially along the bore for control of fluid flow, the spool having three spaced O-ring seals to correspond with the ports and having a red... | 03/22/1994 |
| 5241893 | Reaction system for a rotary hydraulic distributor The invention relates to a rotary hydraulic distributor comprising a primary rotary element (3) coupled to an actuating device and connected for rotation with a valve rotor, a secondary rotary element (5) coupled to a driven device and connected for rotat... | 09/07/1993 |
| 5147009 | Steering force control apparatus of power steering system A steering reaction force generating mechanism for generating a reaction force acting on an input shaft is provided within a cylindrical space of a housing between a lower end portion of the input shaft and an upper end portion of a pinion shaft (output s... | 09/15/1992 |
| 4993781 | Antijam brake-metering valve and method for its use A port control member is depressed by either a mechanical force applied on it by the pilot, for moving it to meter pressure and flow from a supply pressure to the wheel brakes, or a hydraulic pressure force applied following take-off, to actuate the brake... | 02/19/1991 |
| 4955446 | Hydraulic power steering apparatus A hydraulic power steering apparatus having a hydraulic cylinder as a source for generating a force assisting a steering force, and comprising a directional control valve which switches the feeding direction of pressured oil to the hydraulic cylinder, and... | 09/11/1990 |
| 4858714 | Hydrostatic steering device An improved hydrostatic steering mechanism is disclosed having a rotary valve with a radially displaced resilient feedback mechanism.... | 08/22/1989 |
| 4838375 | Steering system This invention provides a steering system of a fully hydraulically operated type for use in particular in construction vehicles and industrial vehicles and so forth with enhanced stability in operating a steering wheel when the vehicle is running at high ... | 06/13/1989 |
| 4818200 | Hydrostatic steering device having the control valve within the rotor An improved hydrostatic steering mechanism is disclosed having a rotary valve with a radially displaced resilient feedback mechanism.... | 04/04/1989 |
| 4811806 | Servosteering, especially for motor vehicles In a servosteering arrangement, a control mechanism combines a pressure operated valve responsive to servomotor chamber pressure, and a solenoid and plunger responsive to speed of the vehicle by means of a proportional magnet solenoid for controlling reac... | 03/14/1989 |
| 4805714 | Power steering system with hydraulic reaction A power steering system which includes a fluid source that supplies pressure fluid of a constant flow rate, a fluid motor for supplementing manual steering torque, a servo-valve for distributing fluid to the fluid motor, and a reaction device for applying... | 02/21/1989 |
| 4803913 | Hydraulic power steering valve with three-orifice reactive chamber pressure control A power steering system for use in a motor has a pair of reactive pressure chambers in which the opposite ends of a valve spool are exposed, one of the reactive pressure chambers communicating with one fluid-pressure chamber in a reciprocable fluid-pressu... | 02/14/1989 |
| 4790401 | Steering force controller for power steering apparatus The invention relates to a steering force controller for power steering apparatus which controls a steering force by controlling an oil pressure supplied to an oil pressure reaction chamber of a reaction mechanism. A pressure controlling mechanism which c... | 12/13/1988 |
| 4787469 | Power steering system A power steering system including an input shaft coupled to a steering wheel, a torsion bar for transmitting rotation of the input shaft to an output shaft, a power cylinder coupled to the output shaft, an oil path switching valve for switching oil paths ... | 11/29/1988 |
| 4784235 | Oil pressure reaction control valve for power steering apparatus A steering force control apparatus for a power steering apparatus of a vehicle of the type having a reaction chamber responsive to fluid pressure applied thereto for producing a reaction force to counteract the steering force produced by a power cylinder.... | 11/15/1988 |
| 4775022 | Apparatus for controlling steering power in power steering system A power steering system is hydraulically operated to decrease the manual steering force in response to the steering wheel angular displacement. A main pump supplies a first hydraulic fluid to the power steering system to operate the same. The main pump is... | 10/04/1988 |
| 4766801 | Hydraulically operated power steering system There is disclosed a hydraulically operated power steering system which comprises a reciprocating-type hydraulically operated cylinder unit for moving a steering link mechanism and having first and second chambers, a reservoir containing hydraulic fluid t... | 08/30/1988 |
| 4730687 | Steering force control device for power steering system A working fluid passage supplying a fixed flow rate is divided into passages so that a flow rate ratio between the two passages is varied by a variable orifice valve based on a detection signal of a physical quantity factor which varies depending on trave... | 03/15/1988 |
| 4723475 | Fully metered compensation steering system A power steering system for positioning the steerable wheels of a vehicle that provides increased handling feedback to the operator via the steering wheel. The system uses a motor driven pump and a bidirectional hand pump to supply and control fluid press... | 02/09/1988 |
| 4706545 | Brake valve infinitely variable pressure intensification In a brake valve of the type in which a given ratio is maintained between a master pressure developed by a brake pedal and an actual brake pressure, an arrangement is provided for continuous, rather than stepwise, adjustment of this ratio. The brake valve... | 11/17/1987 |
| 4676334 | Power steering system with hydraulic reaction A power steering system which includes a fluid source that supplies pressure fluid of a constant flow rate, a fluid motor for supplementing manual steering torque, a servo-valve for distributing fluid to the fluid motor, and a reaction device for applying... | 06/30/1987 |
| 4665797 | Hydraulic distributor for a servomechanism with reaction on the input component The distributor (10, 11), typically with a star-type rotor in a discoid stator, incorporates a valve means with an OR logic function (5, 5') of preselection of the direction of the reaction (22, 23) to be applied to the input component as a function of th... | 05/19/1987 |
| 4665798 | Hydraulic distributor for a servo-mechanism with limited reaction on the input member The distributor (10), typically with a star-shaped rotor in a discoid stator, comprises a reaction device (11) advantageously integrated in the distributor and providing the actuating member (17) of the distributor with a reaction opposite to the actuatin... | 05/19/1987 |