"Rail travel at high speeds is not possible because passengers, unable to breathe, would die of asphyxia."
Dionysius Lardner, Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy at University College, London ; 1830
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7908235 | Addressing scheme for neural modeling and brain-based devices using special purpose processor A special purpose processor (SPP) can use a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to model a large number of neural elements. The FPGAs or similar programmable device can have multiple cores doing presynaptic, postsynaptic, and plasticity calculations in parallel. Ea... | 03/15/2011 |
| 7430546 | Applications of an algorithm that mimics cortical processing An information processing system having neuron-like signal processors that are interconnected by synapse-like processing junctions that simulates and extends capabilities of biological neural networks. The information processing systems uses integrate-and-fire neuro... | 09/30/2008 |
| 7321882 | Method for supervised teaching of a recurrent artificial neural network A method for the supervised teaching of a recurrent neutral network (RNN) is disclosed. A typical embodiment of the method utilizes a large (50 units or more), randomly initialized RNN with a globally stable dynamics. During the training period, the output units of ... | 01/22/2008 |
| 7313551 | Processing device and method for an automatic perception system The invention relates to a processing device for an automatic perception system that involves the use of STN calculation units (1) which receive data from a data bus (7) and which are interconnected by a backannotation bus (6). According to the ... | 12/25/2007 |
| 7174325 | Neural processor Disclosed is a digital neural processor comprising at least one neural processing element. The neural processing elements including at least one simulated dendrite and a simulated axon. Each of the simulated dendrites may include: a dendrite input capable of receivi... | 02/06/2007 |
| 7080054 | Biomimic artificial neuron An artificial neuron is formed from an input subcircuit, a capacitor free leaky integrator subcircuit, and an output switching subcircuit. The input subcircuit is configured to supply a pulsed input signal. The capacitor free leaky integrator subcircuit is configure... | 07/18/2006 |
| 6980956 | Machine apparatus and its driving method, and recorded medium Drive means for performing a behavior based on a behavioral model prescribing a behavior is controlled, and the behavioral model is changed depending on a predetermined stimulus. Therefore, by giving the stimulus, the behavioral model can be freely changed, and a me... | 12/27/2005 |
| 6947916 | IC for universal computing with near zero programming complexity A computing machine capable of performing multiple operations using a universal computing unit is provided. The universal computing unit maps an input signal to an output signal. The mapping is initiated using an instruction that includes the input signal, a weight ... | 09/20/2005 |
| 6907383 | Flow diagnostic system A flow diagnostic system for a flow sensing element and impulse lines. A pressure transmitter coupled to the impulse lines provides digital pressure data to a control system. The control system provides the pressure data and real time clock readings to a diagnostic ... | 06/14/2005 |
| 6501294 | Neuron circuit A neuron circuit that can be served as a building block for a neural network implemented in an integrated circuit is disclosed. The neuron circuit includes a synapse circuit block and a neuron body circuit block. The synapse circuit block has three transi... | 12/31/2002 |
| 6434541 | Automotive engine misfire detection system including a bit-serial based recurrent neuroprocessor An engine diagnostic system includes a bit-serial based recurrent neuroprocessor for processing data from an internal combustion engine in order to diagnose misfires in real-time and reduces the number of neurons required to perform the task by time multi... | 08/13/2002 |
| 6151594 | Artificial neuron and method of using same An artificial neuron, which may be implemented either in hardware or software, has only one significant processing element in the form of a multiplier. Inputs are first fed through gating functions to produce gated inputs. These gated inputs are then mult... | 11/21/2000 |
| 6078190 | Threshold logic with improved signal-to-noise ratio The threshold value logic has a non-inverting circuit path (S) that and an inverting circuit path (S') are connected to at least one comparative weighting subcircuit (BC, BS). The non-inverting circuit path and the inverting circuit path preferably are of... | 06/20/2000 |
| 6041322 | Method and apparatus for processing data in a neural network A digital artificial neural network (ANN) reduces memory requirements by storing sample transfer function representing output values for multiple nodes. Each nodes receives an input value representing the information to be processed by the network. Additi... | 03/21/2000 |
| 5963930 | Apparatus and method for enhancing transfer function non-linearities in pulse frequency encoded neurons A method and apparatus is presented for synthesizing a network for use with pulse frequency encoded signals that has a smoothly saturating transfer characteristic for large signals based on the use of delay and an OR-gate. When connected to the output of ... | 10/05/1999 |
| 5857177 | Neural network A neural network has a plurality of network neurons and a plurality of network connections which connect each network neuron to one or more other network neurons. Each network neuron has control parameters in the form of an associated threshold value and/... | 01/05/1999 |
| 5835682 | Dynamical system analyzer A dynamical system analyser (10) incorporates a computer (22) to perform a singular value decomposition of a time series of signals from a nonlinear (possibly chaotic) dynamical system (14). Relatively low-noise singular vectors from the decomposition are... | 11/10/1998 |
| 5818081 | Semiconductor device Synapse can be formed from a smaller number of elements in a low-power semiconductor device, which realize a highly integrated neural network. Precise modifications of synapse weighting become possible and a neuron computer chip of a practical level can b... | 10/06/1998 |
| 5812993 | Digital hardware architecture for realizing neural network A digital neural network architecture including a forward cascade of layers of neurons, having one input channel and one output channel, for forward processing of data examples that include many data packets. Backward cascade of layers of neurons, having ... | 09/22/1998 |
| 5796925 | Neural digital processor utilizing an approximation of a non-linear activation function A neural digital processor (10) that includes circuitry (14) for applying a function ANLF to neural potentials. ANLF approximates a non-linear activation function NLF. The circuitry includes another neural processor which operates with another non-linear ... | 08/18/1998 |
| 5784536 | Neural processor comprising means for normalizing data A neural processor includes neural calculation apparatus (30, NQ, RQ) which normalize an input data X with respect to another input data Y. It performs a division of X by Y in order to determine a quotient Q. The calculation apparatus are programmed to ca... | 07/21/1998 |
| 5768478 | Artificial neurons using delta-sigma modulation An artificial neuron for use in a neural processing network comprises a plurality of input signal lines, an arrangement for computing a nonlinear function of the sum of the inputs multiplied by associated weights, and a saturating delta-sigma modulator wh... | 06/16/1998 |
| 5671337 | Neuron unit A neuron unit comprises a synapse section in which input signals from external input means or preceding neuron units and synaptic weights are multiplied, and a neuron section in which output signals of the synapse section are added, subjected to threshold... | 09/23/1997 |
| 5621863 | Neuron circuit In a neural network comprised of a plurality of neuron circuits, an improved neuron circuit that generates local result signals, e.g. of the fire type, and a local output signal of the distance or category type. The neuron circuit which is connected to bu... | 04/15/1997 |
| 5581661 | Artificial neuron using adder circuit and method of using same An artificial neuron, which may be implemented on an integrated circuit, has only one significant processing element in the form of an adder. Inputs are first fed through gating functions to produce gated inputs. These gated inputs are then added together... | 12/03/1996 |
| 5519813 | Neuron unit for processing digital information A neuron unit includes first shift registers for storing first weighting coefficients; second shift registers for storing second weighting coefficients; a first gate circuit for obtaining first logical products of first binary input signals and the first ... | 05/21/1996 |
| 5481646 | Neuron unit and neuron unit network A neuron unit simultaneously processes a plurality of binary input signals. The neuron unit includes input lines for receiving first and second input signals which undergo transitions with time, first and second memories for storing weighting coefficients... | 01/02/1996 |
| 5390136 | Artificial neuron and method of using same An artificial neuron, which may be implemented either in hardware or software, has only one significant processing element in the form of a multiplier. Inputs are first fed through gating functions to produce gated inputs. These gated inputs are then mult... | 02/14/1995 |
| 5327522 | Neuron unit A neuron unit processes a plurality of input signals and for outputs an output signal which is indicative of a result of the processing, and includes input lines for receiving the input signals, a forward process part including a supplying part for supply... | 07/05/1994 |
| 5274747 | Neuron unit for processing digital information A neuron unit includes first shift registers for storing first weighting coefficients; second shift registers for storing second weighting coefficients; a first gate circuit for obtaining first logical products of first binary input signals and the first ... | 12/28/1993 |
| 5214747 | Segmented neural network with daisy chain control The present invention is a direct digitally implemented network system in which neural nodes 24, 26 and 28 which output to the same destination node 22 in the network share the same channel 30. If a set of nodes does not output any data to any node to whi... | 05/25/1993 |
| 5191637 | Neuron unit and neuron unit network A neuron unit simultaneously processes a plurality of binary input signals. The neuron unit includes input lines for receiving input signals which undergo transitions with time, first and second memories for storing weighting coefficients, a first gate fo... | 03/02/1993 |
| 5185851 | Neuron unit and neuron unit network A neuron unit simultaneously processes a plurality of binary input signals. The neuron unit includes input lines for receiving first and second input signals which undergo transitions with time, first and second memories for storing weighting coefficients... | 02/09/1993 |
| 5175798 | Digital artificial neuron based on a probabilistic ram A neuron for use in a neural processing network, comprises a memory having a plurality of storage locations at each of which a number representing a probability is stored, each of the storage locations being selectively addressable to cause the contents o... | 12/29/1992 |
| 5170071 | Stochastic artifical neuron with multilayer training capability A probabilistic or stochastic artificial neuron in which the inputs and synaptic weights are represented as probabilistic or stochastic functions of time, thus providing efficient implementations of the synapses. Stochastic processing removes both the tim... | 12/08/1992 |
| 5167008 | Digital circuitry for approximating sigmoidal response in a neural network layer A plurality of neural circuits are connected in a neural network layer for generating their respective digital axonal responses to the same plurality of synapse input signals. Each neural circuit includes digital circuitry for approximating a sigmoidal re... | 11/24/1992 |
| 5157275 | Circuit employing logical gates for calculating activation function derivatives on stochastically-encoded signals A circuit employing logical gates for calculating activation function derivatives on stochastically encoded signals. In one embodiment a two input nonlinear circuit calculates neuron activation functions suitable for gradient-descent learning.... | 10/20/1992 |
| 5131073 | Neuron unit and neuron unit network A neuron unit simultaneously processes a plurality of binary input signals. The neuron unit includes input lines for receiving first and second input signals which undergo transitions with time, first and second memories for storing weighting coefficients... | 07/14/1992 |