3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7315982 | User-tailorable romanized Chinese text input systems and methods Methods and systems for romanizing Chinese ideograms allow a user to create a personalized spelling dictionary that converts a user's desired roman-alphabet spelling to an equivalent Chinese character. A phonetic combination from a standard Chinese dialect is select... | 01/01/2008 |
| 7315812 | Method for determining the quality of a speech signal Objective measurement methods and devices for predicting perceptual quality of speech signals degraded in speech processing/transporting systems have unreliable prediction results in cases where the degraded and reference signals show in between severe timbre differ... | 01/01/2008 |
| 7313518 | Noise reduction method and device using two pass filtering The device calculates a first frequency-dependent useful signal level estimator for the frame. The transfer function of a first noise-reducing filter is determined on the basis of the first useful signal level estimator and of a frequency-dependent noise level estim... | 12/25/2007 |
| 7302386 | Focused search method of fixed codebook and apparatus thereof There are provided a search method of a fixed codebook, and more particularly, a focused search method and apparatus thereof, for being applied to a speech codec for Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). The focused search method of the fixed codebook includes: calcu... | 11/27/2007 |
| 7295974 | Encoding in speech compression Linear predictive system with classification of LP residual Fourier coefficients into two or more overlapping classes, and each class has its own vector quantization codebook(s). The use of strong and weak predictors minimizes codebook size by only quantizing the di... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7295969 | Digital recording and playback system with voice recognition capability for concurrent text generation A recording and playback system is provided. The system includes an audio capturing device configured to receive an analog input and an encoder coupled to the audio capturing device configured to generate a digital signal based on the analog input. The system furthe... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7295980 | Pattern matching method and apparatus A system is provided for matching two or more sequences of phonemes both or all of which may be generated from text or speech. A dynamic programming matching technique is preferably used having constraints which depend upon whether or not the two sequences are gener... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7295979 | Language context dependent data labeling Bootstrapping of a system from one language to another often works well when the two languages share the similar acoustic space. However, when the new language has sounds that do not occur in the language from which the bootstrapping is to be done, bootstrapping doe... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7289953 | Apparatus and method for speech coding A speech encoder includes an LPC synthesizer that obtains synthesized speech by filtering an adaptive excitation vector and a stochastic excitation vector stored in an adaptive codebook and in a stochastic codebook using LPC coefficients obtained from input speech. ... | 10/30/2007 |
| 7289958 | Automatic language independent triphone training using a phonetic table A method for training acoustic models for a new target language is provided using a phonetic table, which characterizes the phones, used in one or more reference language(s) with respect to their articulatory properties; a phonetic table, which characterizes the pho... | 10/30/2007 |
| 7289951 | Method for improving the coding efficiency of an audio signal The invention relates to a method for improving the coding accuracy and transmission efficiency of an audio signal. According to the method, a part of the audio signal to be coded is compared with earlier stored samples of the audio signal and a reference sequence o... | 10/30/2007 |
| 7289633 | System and method for integral transference of acoustical events A sound system for capturing and reproducing sounds produced by a plurality of sound sources. The system comprises a device for receiving sounds produced by the plurality of sound sources and converting the separately received sounds to a plurality of separate audio... | 10/30/2007 |
| 7286979 | Communication terminal and communication system The communication terminal is comprised of: a voice input unit for inputting voice; a voice converting unit for converting the voice inputted into a voice signal; a character converting unit for converting the voice signal into a character signal; a transmitting uni... | 10/23/2007 |
| 7283955 | Source coding enhancement using spectral-band replication The present invention proposes a new method and apparatus for the enhancement of source coding systems. The invention employs bandwidth reduction (101) prior to or in the encoder (103), followed by spectral-band replication (105) at the decoder ... | 10/16/2007 |
| 7283957 | Multi-channel signal encoding and decoding A multi-channel linear predictive analysis-by-synthesis signal encoding method detects (S26, S27) inter-channel correlation and select one of several possible encoding modes (S24, S29, S30) based on the detected correlation. ... | 10/16/2007 |
| 7280963 | Method for learning linguistically valid word pronunciations from acoustic data A computerized method is provided for generating pronunciations for words and storing the pronunciations in a pronunciation dictionary. The method includes graphing sets of initial pronunciations; thereafter in an ASR subsystem determining a highest-scoring set of i... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7280960 | Sub-band voice codec with multi-stage codebooks and redundant coding Techniques and tools related to coding and decoding of audio information are described. For example, redundant coded information for decoding a current frame includes signal history information associated with only a portion of a previous frame. As another example, ... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7272564 | Method and apparatus for multimodal communication with user control of delivery modality A method and apparatus for providing multimodal communication outputs information, such as retrieved content, in a first modality. An output modality change command is generated, such as via a multimodal user input interface, or other suitable mechanism. A multimoda... | 09/18/2007 |
| 7272555 | Fine granularity scalability speech coding for multi-pulses CELP-based algorithm A method for speech processing in a code excitation linear prediction (CELP) based speech system having a plurality of modes including at least a first mode and a consecutive second mode. The method includes providing an input speech signal, dividing the speech sign... | 09/18/2007 |
| 7269557 | Coarticulated concatenated speech Described are methods and systems for reducing the audible gap in concatenated recorded speech, resulting in more natural sounding speech in voice applications. The sound of concatenated, recorded speech is improved by also coarticulating the recorded speech. The re... | 09/11/2007 |
| 7269559 | Speech decoding apparatus and method using prediction and class taps The present invention relates to a data processing apparatus capable of obtaining high-quality sound, etc. A tap generation section 121 generate a prediction tap from synthesized speech data for 40 samples in a subframe of subject data of interest within the ... | 09/11/2007 |
| 7263481 | Method and apparatus for improved quality voice transcoding A method and apparatus for a voice transcoder that converts a bitstream representing frames of data encoded according to a first voice compression standard to a bitstream representing frames of data according to a second voice compression standard using perceptual w... | 08/28/2007 |
| 7260522 | Gain quantization for a CELP speech coder There is provided a speech encoding system that receives a speech signal. The speech encoding system comprises a frame processor for processing a frame of the speech signal, where the frame processor includes a pitch gain generator that derives unquantized pitch gai... | 08/21/2007 |
| 7260523 | Sub-band speech coding system An improved sub-band speech coding system is provided by subdividing signals into a lower an higher subband, downsampling the lower subband before coding and coding the higher subband without downsampling. The decoder includes decoding and upsampling of the lower su... | 08/21/2007 |
| 7254534 | Method and device for encoding wideband speech The speech is sampled in such a way as to obtain successive voice frames each including a predetermined number of samples, and with each voice frame are determined parameters of a code-excited linear prediction model. The parameters include a long-term excitation di... | 08/07/2007 |
| 7251597 | Method for tracking a pitch signal A method for tracking pitch signal, including receiving a detected pitch signal that consists of a succession of pitch values, and for each current pitch value in the detected signal perform the following steps: constructing sub-sequences of consistent pitch values ... | 07/31/2007 |
| 7251605 | Speech to touch translator assembly and method A speech to touch translator assembly and method for converting spoken words directed to an operator into tactile sensations caused by combinations of pressure point exertions on the body of the operator, each combination of pressure points exerted signifying a phon... | 07/31/2007 |
| 7251598 | Speech coder/decoder A coding parameter control circuit 31 computes a frame length from a bit rate and coding delay, and provides the computed frame length data to a CELP coding circuit 32. Based on the computed frame length, the coding parameter control circuit 32 ... | 07/31/2007 |
| 7251603 | Audio-only backoff in audio-visual speech recognition system Techniques for performing audio-visual speech recognition, with improved recognition performance, in a degraded visual environment. For example, in one aspect of the invention, a technique for use in accordance with an audio-visual speech recognition system for impr... | 07/31/2007 |
| 7249020 | Voice synthesizing method using independent sampling frequencies and apparatus therefor A method and a system of producing a synthesized voice is provided. A voice sound waveform is provided at a voice sampling frequency based on pronunciation informations. A voice-less sound waveform is produced at a voice-less sampling frequency based on the pronunci... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7249015 | Classification of audio as speech or non-speech using multiple threshold values A portion of an audio signal is separated into multiple frames from which one or more different features are extracted. These different features are used, in combination with a set of rules, to classify the portion of the audio signal into one of multiple different ... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7243071 | Speech-recognition grammar analysis An apparatus for determining at least one recognition parameter, associated with a grammar, for use in attempting to recognize utterances using the grammar includes an input configured to receive indicia of the grammar, an output configured to provide the at least o... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7243065 | Low-complexity comfort noise generator A comfort noise generator (104) suitable for use in a communication system includes a finite impulse response (FIR) filter (136), a random number generator (140), and a coefficient updater (138). The coefficient updater (138) deter... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7240003 | Database annotation and retrieval A data structure is provided for annotating data files within a database. The annotation data comprises a phoneme and word lattice which allows the quick and efficient searching of data files within the database, in response to a user's input query for desired infor... | 07/03/2007 |
| 7240001 | Quality improvement techniques in an audio encoder An audio encoder implements multi-channel coding decision, band truncation, multi-channel rematrixing, and header reduction techniques to improve quality and coding efficiency. In the multi-channel coding decision technique, the audio encoder dynamically selects bet... | 07/03/2007 |
| 7236929 | Echo suppression and speech detection techniques for telephony applications Various methods and apparatus are described for implementing effective echo suppression in a wide variety of telephony system architectures. These methods and apparatus include broadband and multi-band techniques for speech detection, estimation of near-end transmis... | 06/26/2007 |
| 7236927 | Pitch extraction methods and systems for speech coding using interpolation techniques A method of searching for an interpolated peak of a Normalized Correlation Square (NCS) signal derived from an audio signal, comprises: producing quadratically interpolated correlation (QIC) signal values at interpolated time lags; squaring each of the QIC signal va... | 06/26/2007 |
| 7233896 | Regular-pulse excitation speech coder A method for providing synthesized speech using regular-pulse excitation includes a first step (300) of processing input speech to provide a residual excitation signal. A next step (302) includes defining important samples of the residual signal. Low f... | 06/19/2007 |
| 7233894 | Low-frequency band noise detection A pitch estimation system including a low-frequency band noise detector (LBND) operative to detect the presence of low-frequency band noise in a first audio frame, a frequency-domain pitch estimator operative to calculate a pitch estimation of a second audio frame f... | 06/19/2007 |
| 7231345 | Method and apparatus for transcoding between different speech encoding/decoding systems A code converting apparatus for converting a first code sequence conforming to a first system to a second code sequence conforming to a second system, in which a speech decoding circuit acquires a first linear prediction coefficient and the information on an excitat... | 06/12/2007 |