Famous Patents
3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7017372 | Molten glass supply device, glass formed product, and method of producing the glass formed product A molten glass supply device is provided, which can solve unavoidable problems for high viscosity characteristics in connection with the conventional molten glass supply device for high viscosity glass. Such problems include improperly high heating cost caused by ex... | 03/28/2006 |
| 7007515 | Noble metal duct for conducting a glass melt and method for conducting a glass melt The double-walled noble metal duct (1) for conducting a glass melt has an outer noble metal pipe (1b) and an inner noble metal pipe (1a) extending within the outer pipe, so that an inner space (21) is formed within the inner... | 03/07/2006 |
| 6862899 | Method and apparatus for heating glass melting furnaces with fossil fuels During the heating of glass melting furnaces having a combustion chamber with regenerators for preheating oxidation gases, with port necks that open into the combustion chamber, with primary burners and with secondary burners that are installed in a cascade arrangem... | 03/08/2005 |
| 6715319 | Melting of glass A method of producing flat glass in which foam which appears on the surface of molten glass melted using oxy-fuel burners is dispersed by directing a diffuse, luminescent flame onto the surface of the glass carrying the foam. ... | 04/06/2004 |
| 6460376 | Method and device for melting and refining materials capable of being vitrified A process for melting and refining vitrifiable materials. In this method all or part of the thermal energy necessary for melting the vitrifiable materials is supplied by the combustion of fossil fuel with at least one oxidizer gas, the fuel, gas or the ga... | 10/08/2002 |
| 6357264 | Apparatus for melting molten material This apparatus is a furnace for heating molten material which employs oxygen-fuel burner assemblies. Preferably, the assemblies are submerged in the molten material. They are water cooled top down units with burner nozzles being off-set from the supply co... | 03/19/2002 |
| 6134921 | Directly cooled, side fired forehearth A forehearth (20) for cooling glass from a melting furnace as it flows to a feeder bowl (28) from which it is discharged to a forming machine. The forehearth is in the form of an elongate, horizontally extending insulated trough (26) with a roof formed by... | 10/24/2000 |
| 6044667 | Glass melting apparatus and method A system for melting and delivering glass to a work area such as spinners for making fiberglass includes a melter with heaters so arranged that the "hot spot" in the molten glass is located away from the walls and corrosion sensitive parts so that the var... | 04/04/2000 |
| 5807418 | Energy recovery in oxygen-fired glass melting furnaces A method for improving the energy efficiency of oxygen-fired glass melting furnaces wherein heat from hot flue gases from the melting furnace is used to heat all or part of the combustion oxidant and thereafter to preheat at least a portion of the glass f... | 09/15/1998 |
| 5795364 | Reburning glass furnace for insuring adequate mixing of gases to reduce NOx emissions A mixing method insures adequate mixing of gases in a glass furnace that employs a reburning process. Because of the mixing method, a novel glass furnace can be constructed that strikes an optimum balance between a reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx | 08/18/1998 |
| 5755846 | Regenerative glass melting furnace with minimum NOx formation and method of operating it A method of operating a regenerative glass melting furnace with end-firing or cross-firing utilizes burners to provide sub-stoichiometric combustion and super-stoichiometric combustion along the sidewalls or transverse walls of the furnace and equipment a... | 05/26/1998 |
| 5727939 | Deflector system for reducing air infiltration into a furnace A furnace having a molten material holding tank with sidewall and a tuckstone or other structure above the sidewall upper end leaving a gap, or joint, therebetween. A deflector, or diverter, is provided at the upper end of the sidewall to deflect cooling ... | 03/17/1998 |
| 5728190 | Melting furnace and process for the inertization of hazardous substances by vitrification A tank furnace for the inertization of non-flammable batch, which contains hazardous substances, metals and less than 10% by weight of carbon, by vitrification with glass forming aggregates by producing a glassy melt. The furnace has a batch charging devi... | 03/17/1998 |
| 5327452 | Forehearth A forehearth for a glass furnace comprises a trough and roof over the trough, the roof having two longitudinal ridges extending downwardly towards the surface of the glass to define three longitudinal chambers. The central chamber forms a conduit for the ... | 07/05/1994 |
| 5169424 | Forehearth structure A forehearth for the conveyance and temperature maintenance of molten glass includes a longitudinal cooling zone over a laterally-extending cooling tile panel which is spaced above and spans an elongated trough supporting the molten glass. Roof structure ... | 12/08/1992 |
| 5116399 | Glass melter with front-wall oxygen-fired burner process The invention relates to a process for melting glass forming ingredients in a glass melting furnace adapted therefore, said furnace having an upstream melting zone and a downstream fining zone, wherein the glass forming ingredients introduced to the upstr... | 05/26/1992 |
| 5002600 | Conduit for molten glass A plurality of conduit segments contact on another which run vertically and transversely to the direction in which molten glass is channelled. Each segment includes at least one trough section and at least one cover section, an insulation of individual fo... | 03/26/1991 |
| 4973346 | Glassmelting method with reduced nox generation A glassmelting method wherein glassforming materials are preheated prior to entering the melting vessel by direct contact with combustion products from the melting vessel produced by combustion carried out with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air.... | 11/27/1990 |
| 4948411 | Glass melting furnace for glazing environmentally hazardous wastes Furnace has a melting section and a withdrawal section bounded by side walls of refractory material which extend to a glass outlet formed by an overflow edge remote from the melting section. In operation a molten glass layer, a molten layer of undissolved... | 08/14/1990 |
| 4911744 | Methods and apparatus for enhancing combustion and operational efficiency in a glass melting furnace In a glass melting furnace of the type that has a basin wherein a bath of molten glass is heated by a blanket of flame that extends over the molten bath, performance and productivity are enhanced by installing oxygen injection lances through holes that ar... | 03/27/1990 |
| 4900337 | Method and apparatus for working molten glass The invention relates to working molten glass in tank furnaces for continuous production. According to the process of the invention, the vitrifiable material being brought first to the molten bath state in a zone upstream from the tank, and said bath then... | 02/13/1990 |
| 4897103 | Conduit for molten glass A conduit for conducting molten glass in a glass making operation comprising an elongate superstructure, an elongate carriage, a plurality of refractory blocks assembled on the carriage to form a channel for conducting molten glass, and a plurality of rol... | 01/30/1990 |
| 4854960 | Forehearth A forehearth for transport of molten glass, characterized in that cooling surfaces of a material having a high heat conductivity, particularly a metallic material, are disposed in the roof of the forehearth. The metallic material may be an iron-chromium-a... | 08/08/1989 |
| 4818265 | Barrier apparatus and method of use for melting and refining glass or the like In a method of making glass or the like, wherein the batch materials are liquefied in a distinct zone from the refiner, the liquefied material is heated in an intermediate stage before being fed to the refiner, and a composite barrier of a cooled frame wi... | 04/04/1989 |
| 4798616 | Multi-stage process and apparatus for refining glass or the like In a method of making glass or the like, wherein the batch materials are liquefied in a distinct zone from the refiner, the liquefied material is heated in an intermediate stage before being fed to the refiner. In preferred embodiments the intermediate st... | 01/17/1989 |
| 4789390 | Batch melting vessel lid cooling construction A lid of a glass batch melting vessel is subjected to corrosive and thermal degradation. The lid is cooled and the temperature of the exploded inner surface of the lid is controlled such that particulate and molten materials entrained in exhaust gas circu... | 12/06/1988 |
| 4780121 | Method for rapid induction heating of molten glass or the like A melt of a material such as glass is inductively heated at a stage intermediate an initial liquefying stage and a refining stage. The function of the intermediate induction heating stage is essentially limited to raising the temperature of the melt a rel... | 10/25/1988 |
| 4780122 | Vacuum refining of glass or the like with enhanced foaming Foaming of molten glass or the like as it enters a vacuum refining vessel is enhanced by altering the incoming stream so as to increase its surface area and/or retarding the passage of the stream through the vacuum headspace so as to increase its exposure... | 10/25/1988 |
| 4778509 | Furnace for cooling molten glass A furnace for cooling molten glass, which comprises a cooling tank for slowly cooling the molten glass while the average temperature of the molten glass is within a certain range extending below and above the temperature at which the speed of absorbing bu... | 10/18/1988 |
| 4750928 | Conduit for molten glass An alcove for conducting molten glass to a plurality of forehearths for delivery to glassware forming equipment, comprising a series of zones with a trough extending through the zones and a barrel vault roof over the trough in each zone, the vault bearing... | 06/14/1988 |
| 4741753 | Method and apparatus for electrically heating molten glass A method and apparatus for continuously melting and refining molten glass are disclosed which comprises the steps of applying a preponderance of heat to a molten glass mass by Joule effect heating and pulsating a portion of the heat applied to the molten ... | 05/03/1988 |
| 4738706 | Method and device for the thermal regulation of a moving fluid mass The device comprises a three-dimensional grid of thermocouples which are immersed in a fluid, which is moving in a covered channel and has a temperature above that of its environment. Apertures in the sheathing of the channel can be progressively closed b... | 04/19/1988 |
| 4725299 | Glass melting furnace and process A glass melting furnace and process wherein a second combustion zone toward the glass discharge end of the glass melting chamber is underport sideport fired while a first combustion zone toward the batch charge end of the glass melting chamber is side-of-... | 02/16/1988 |
| 4704155 | Heating vessel lid construction for a glass melting furnace A lid construction for a heating vessel. Discrete insulating members are supported by water cooled pipes above the vessel. The cooling pipes fit into grooves along the vertical side walls of the insulating members. Each member has a support independent fr... | 11/03/1987 |
| 4687504 | Glass melting furnace with bottom electrodes A glass melting furnace including a melting tank heated from above by burners and comprising a melting section as well as a refining and homogenizing section provided with electrodes for the supply of electrical energy; a dam which separates the melting s... | 08/18/1987 |
| 4680051 | Glass forehearth A forehearth for molten glass having at least one cooling zone which includes a trough and a roof over the trough. A pair of spaced projections extending downwardly from the roof to define a central channel over the molten glass and side channels over the... | 07/14/1987 |
| 4675041 | Method and apparatus for furnace lid purging In a heating vessel wherein corrosive exhaust degrades exposed positions of the vessel, a high velocity gas jet injects gas between the corrosive exhaust and the exposed portions of the vessel. The gas minimizes contact between the exhaust and the exposed... | 06/23/1987 |
| 4668271 | Ablation melting with thermal protection In a method and apparatus for liquefying material such as glass batch, primary thermal protection for the vessel is provided by a lining of the batch material, with secondary protection being provided by forced cooling of a minor portion of the vessel in ... | 05/26/1987 |
| 4662927 | Glass temperature preconditioning system in a distribution channel Temperature conditioning of molten glass flowing from a melter to a glassware-forming machine is described. In addition to the attempt at conditioning the molten glass in the forehearth in the usual manner, in accordance with this invention, distribution ... | 05/05/1987 |
| 4655812 | Electric heating of glass forehearth A forehearth for a glass furnace includes a roof formed of a plurality of roof blocks designed to provide below the roof blocks a central longitudinal channel and side channels on each side of the central channel. An electric heating element is positioned... | 04/07/1987 |
